{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:43:56Z","timestamp":1790185436697,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1086,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,11]],"date-time":"2010-05-11T07:11:36Z","timestamp":1273561896000},"page":"1246-1253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Panic attacks and panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cognitive behavioral perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Livermore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Sharpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200703-456SO","article-title":"Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"176","author":"Rabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199209000-00006","article-title":"Physiological and psychological variables related to functional status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"41","author":"Weaver","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.51.8.825","article-title":"Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with regard to clinical parameters and smoking: a descriptive and comparative study","volume":"51","author":"Engstrom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(98)90426-7","article-title":"Quality of life in elderly patients with COPD: measurement and predictive factors","volume":"92","author":"Yohannes","year":"1998","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2000.0804","article-title":"Stages of disease severity and factors that affect the health status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"94","author":"Hajiro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.41.6.465","article-title":"Functional impairment in COPD patients: the impact of anxiety and depression","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2003.1488","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in elderly subjects: impact on functional status and quality of life","volume":"97","author":"Peruzza","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib8","first-page":"1205","article-title":"Surprisingly high prevalence of anxiety and depression in chronic breathing disorders","volume":"127","author":"Kunik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi163","article-title":"Predictors of 1-year mortality in patients discharged from hospital following acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"34","author":"Yohannes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.47.4.312","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbid anxiety or depression","volume":"47","author":"Cully","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib11","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.1.8680700","article-title":"Panic anxiety, dyspnea, and respiratory disease","volume":"154","author":"Smoller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2006.06.001","article-title":"Risk-factor research and prevention programs for anxiety disorders: a translational research framework","volume":"44","author":"Zvolensky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120267.x","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity in patients with chronic airflow obstruction","volume":"146","author":"Yellowlees","year":"1987","journal-title":"Med J Australia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3109\/10673229709034724","article-title":"The hidden costs of untreated anxiety disorders","volume":"5","author":"Candilis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Harvard Rev Psychiat"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib16","first-page":"8","article-title":"The implications of medical and psychiatric comorbidity with panic disorder","volume":"66","author":"Simon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2006.11.005","article-title":"The association of depression and anxiety with medical symptom burden in patients with chronic medical illness","volume":"29","author":"Katon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib18","first-page":"84","article-title":"Anxiety in patients with pulmonary disease: comorbidity and treatment","volume":"4","author":"Smoller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Clin Neuropsychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.4.415","article-title":"The epidemiology of panic attacks, panic disorder, and agoraphobia in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"63","author":"Kessler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.17.2041","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of panic attacks in postmenopausal women","volume":"163","author":"Smoller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(92)90101-L","article-title":"Respiratory function, cognitions, and panic in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients","volume":"30","author":"Porzelius","year":"1992","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.10.004","article-title":"The relationship between illness perceptions and panic in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"47","author":"Howard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.1.110","article-title":"Prevalence of panic in patients referred for pulmonary function testing at a major medical centre","volume":"153","author":"Pollack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.2.200","article-title":"The prevalence of anxiety disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"147","author":"Karajgi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00197-1","article-title":"The catastrophic misinterpretation of physiological distress","volume":"37","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.12.006","article-title":"Mental disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"102","author":"Vogele","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2005.04.006","article-title":"The epidemiology of panic disorder and agoraphobia in Europe","volume":"15","author":"Goodwin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Neuropharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30028-5","article-title":"Anxiety in the elderly: course and treatment","volume":"18","author":"Sheikh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychiat Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00082-8","article-title":"Differential clinical features of late onset panic disorder","volume":"57","author":"Segui","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Affect Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30023-6","article-title":"The longitudinal course and outcome of panic disorder","volume":"18","author":"Pollack","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychiat Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib31","series-title":"Mental health services: a public health perspective","first-page":"211","article-title":"Epidemiology of mental disorders in older adults","author":"Hybels","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.111.1.95","article-title":"Clinical and personality profiles and survival in patients with COPD","volume":"111","author":"Ashutosh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015517606893","article-title":"The impact of anxiety, depression and living alone in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"11","author":"Crockett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(03)00040-0","article-title":"Psychopathology and illness beliefs influence COPD self-management","volume":"56","author":"Dowson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(08)70005-2","article-title":"Predictors of survival in COPD: more than just the FEV1","volume":"102","author":"Celli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90682-5","article-title":"Unrecognised prevalence of panic disorder in primary care, internal medicine, and cardiology","volume":"60","author":"Ballenger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-8343(90)90002-T","article-title":"Distressed high utilizers of medical care: DSM-III-R diagnoses and treatment needs","volume":"12","author":"Katon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.5.1633","article-title":"Anxiety and depression are related to the outcome of emergency treatment in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"122","author":"Dahlen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00078504","article-title":"Risk factors for rehospitalisation in COPD: the role of health status, anxiety and depression","volume":"26","author":"Gudmundsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200804-619OC","article-title":"Independent effect of depression and anxiety on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and hospitalizations","volume":"178","author":"Xu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00060309","article-title":"Prevention of panic attacks and panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"35","author":"Livermore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(85)90145-7","article-title":"Agoraphobia, the panic attack and the hyperventilation syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Ley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820160076009","article-title":"False suffocation alarms, spontaneous panics, and related conditions. An integrative hypothesis","volume":"50","author":"Klein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.4.493","article-title":"Neuroanatomical hypothesis of panic disorder, revised","volume":"157","author":"Gorman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0924-2708.2004.0080.x","article-title":"Panic disorder: from respiration to the homeostatic brain","volume":"16","author":"Perna","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199203000-00005","article-title":"Hyperventilation is not diagnostically specific to panic patients","volume":"54","author":"Van den Hout","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.06.019","article-title":"Respiratory symptoms and panic in the National Comorbidity Survey: a test of Klein\u2019s suffocation false alarm theory","volume":"43","author":"Vickers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.01.002","article-title":"Voluntary hyperventilation in the treatment of panic disorder: functions of hyperventilation, their implications for breathing training, and recommendations for standardization","volume":"25","author":"Meuret","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.108.3.403","article-title":"Psychological approaches to panic disorder: a review","volume":"108","author":"McNally","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(90)90054-M","article-title":"Affective responses to hyperventilation: a test of the cognitive model of panic","volume":"28","author":"Salkovskis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90011-2","article-title":"A cognitive approach to panic","volume":"24","author":"Clark","year":"1986","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1017\/S0141347300011472","article-title":"The importance of behaviour in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: a cognitive account","volume":"19","author":"Salkovskis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Behavioural Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib53","series-title":"Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders","author":"Beck","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib54","series-title":"Panic and phobias","first-page":"149","article-title":"Tests of a cognitive theory of panic","author":"Clark","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(91)90004-M","article-title":"Cognitive bias in symptomatic and recovered agoraphobics","volume":"29","author":"Stoler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00078-X","article-title":"Cognitive bias in panic disorder patients and changes after cognitive behavioral treatments","volume":"33","author":"Westling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010783427196","article-title":"Interpretation of ambiguous interoceptive stimuli in panic disorder and nonclinical panic","volume":"25","author":"Richards","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cognitive Ther Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(02)00257-8","article-title":"The role of catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations and panic self-efficacy in predicting panic severity","volume":"18","author":"Casey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-006-9010-4","article-title":"A test of core assumptions of the catastrophic misinterpretation model of panic disorder","volume":"30","author":"Austin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cognitive Ther Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.75.3.374","article-title":"Preliminary evidence for cognitive mediation during cognitive-behavioral therapy of panic disorder","volume":"75","author":"Hofmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(95)00048-8","article-title":"A meta-analysis of treatment outcome for panic disorder","volume":"15","author":"Gould","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.69.6.875","article-title":"A multidimensional meta-analysis of treatments for depression, panic, and generalized anxiety disorder: an empirical examination of the status of empirically supported therapies","volume":"69","author":"Westen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.05.003","article-title":"meta-analysis of the efficacy of psycho- and pharmacotherapy in panic disorder with and without agoraphobia","volume":"88","author":"Mitte","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Affect Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2006.02.008","article-title":"Belief disconfirmation versus habituation approaches to situational exposure in panic disorder with agoraphobia: a pilot study","volume":"45","author":"Salkovskis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(90)90160-K","article-title":"Selective processing of threat cues in panic disorder","volume":"28","author":"McNally","year":"1990","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.108.2.222","article-title":"Preattentive bias for emotional information in panic disorder with agoraphobia","volume":"108","author":"Lundh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.8.922","article-title":"Disorder-specific neuroanatomical correlates of attentional bias in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and hypochondriasis","volume":"62","author":"Van den Heuvel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200711-1700OC","article-title":"Panic attacks and perception of inspiratory resistive loads in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"178","author":"Livermore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"72","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib69","first-page":"222","article-title":"A respiratory control method based on psychophysiological studies","author":"Umezawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200611-159CC","article-title":"Pathophysiology of dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a roundtable","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-199801000-00008","article-title":"Panic, dyspnea, and asthma","volume":"4","author":"Smoller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00163.2009","article-title":"Respiratory muscle function and activation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"107","author":"McKenzie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(03)00098-3","article-title":"Exercise training during rehabilitation of patients with COPD: a current perspective","volume":"52","author":"Spruit","year":"2004","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.17.3.232","article-title":"Psychological and cognitive outcomes of a randomised trial of exercise among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"17","author":"Emery","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701003890","article-title":"One session cognitive behavioural therapy for elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"31","author":"Kunik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00239-9","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of the effect of psychotherapy on anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"84","author":"de Godoy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib77","first-page":"1","article-title":"Group education and cognitive behavioral therapy group treatment for clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety in COPD patients: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Kunik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(05)70178-7","article-title":"Mechanisms and measures of exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"21","author":"Nici","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465808004633","article-title":"Cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: two case studies","volume":"36","author":"Livermore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav Cogn Psychoth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1348\/135910707X203723","article-title":"Improving outcomes for COPD patients with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression: a systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy","volume":"13","author":"Coventry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brit J Health Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e3283218318","article-title":"Does pulmonary rehabilitation reduce anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?","volume":"15","author":"Coventry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2007.08.002","article-title":"Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation for anxiety and depression in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Coventry","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.4.899","article-title":"Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on psychosocial morbidity in patients with severe COPD","volume":"129","author":"Guell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)07042-7","article-title":"Results at 1 year of outpatient multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"355","author":"Griffiths","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003793.pub2","article-title":"Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"4","author":"Lacasse","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.5.3345","article-title":"Differentiation between the sensory and affective dimension of dyspnea during resistive load breathing in normal subjects","volume":"128","author":"von Leupoldt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1159\/000095909","article-title":"Dyspnea: the importance of a psychological approach","volume":"73","author":"Duranti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.06.033","article-title":"Attentional distraction reduces the affective but not the sensory dimension of perceived dyspnea","volume":"101","author":"von Leupoldt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Resp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200711-1675OC","article-title":"The affective dimension of laboratory dyspnea","volume":"177","author":"Banzett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.5.1213","article-title":"Effect of distractive auditory stimuli on exercise tolerance in patients with COPD","volume":"107","author":"Thornby","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1177\/019394599601800602","article-title":"Differentiation between dyspnea and its affective components","volume":"18","author":"Carrieri-Kohlman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Western J Nurs Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9563(03)00100-6","article-title":"Are self-reports of breathing effort and breathing distress stable and valid measures among persons with asthma, persons with COPD, and healthy persons?","volume":"32","author":"Meek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1245","article-title":"Distractive auditory stimuli reduce the unpleasantness of dyspnea during exercise in patients with COPD","volume":"132","author":"von Leupoldt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.07.012","article-title":"The multiple dimensions of dyspnea","volume":"167","author":"Lansing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib95","series-title":"Clinical handbook of psychological disorders","first-page":"1","article-title":"Panic disorder and agoraphobia","author":"Craske","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000097339.75789.81","article-title":"Anxiety and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevalence, impact, and treatment","volume":"65","author":"Brenes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611110001903?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611110001903?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T11:00:35Z","timestamp":1760612435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611110001903"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954611110001903"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Panic attacks and panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cognitive behavioral perspective","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}