{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T23:04:52Z","timestamp":1770505492086,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]],"date-time":"2013-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":839,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novartis, and David Young"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,12]],"date-time":"2011-01-12T05:42:33Z","timestamp":1294810953000},"page":"571-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Cardio- and cerebrovascular safety of indacaterol vs\u00a0formoterol, salmeterol, tiotropium and placebo in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Worth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kian Fan","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Felser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huilin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rueegg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Electrophysiologic effects of salbutamol, a \u03b22-selective agonist","volume":"15","author":"Insulander","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib2","first-page":"253","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the risk of cardiovascular diseases","volume":"25","author":"Schneider","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib3","first-page":"63","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Saskatchewan Canada cardiovascular disease in COPD patients","volume":"16","author":"Curkendall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib4","first-page":"5","article-title":"Cardiovascular morbidity in COPD: a study of the general population","volume":"7","author":"Lange","year":"2010","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib5","first-page":"473","article-title":"Efficacy of a new once-daily long-acting inhaled \u03b22-agonist indacaterol versus twice-daily formoterol in COPD","volume":"65","author":"Dahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib6","first-page":"155","article-title":"Once-daily bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: indacaterol versus tiotropium","volume":"182","author":"Donohue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib7","first-page":"165","article-title":"Integrating indacaterol dose selection in a clinical study in COPD using an adaptive seamless design","volume":"23","author":"Barnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib8","article-title":"Once-daily indacaterol vs twice-daily salmeterol for COPD: a placebo-controlled comparison","author":"Kornmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib9","unstructured":"Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Updated 2005. At: www.goldcopd.com [accessed 22.03.2010]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib10","first-page":"81","article-title":"Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy-I: prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients","volume":"308","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib11","unstructured":"FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for industry. E14 clinical evaluation of QT\/QTc interval prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for non-antiarrhythmic drugs. October 2005 Available at: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/RegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/ucm129335.htm [accessed 22.03.10]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib12","first-page":"108","article-title":"Cardiac repolarization and the safety of new drugs defined by electrocardiography","volume":"81","author":"Morganroth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib13","first-page":"337","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity","volume":"4","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib14","first-page":"A2463","article-title":"A thorough QT study on the effect of indacaterol on cardiac safety in healthy subjects","volume":"179","author":"Khindri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib15","first-page":"2057","article-title":"Acute electrophysiologic effects of inhaled salbutamol in humans","volume":"127","author":"Kallergis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib16","first-page":"319","article-title":"Arrhythmias in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): occurrence frequency and the effect of treatment with the inhaled long-acting \u03b22-agonists arformoterol and salmeterol","volume":"87","author":"Hanrahan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib17","first-page":"37","article-title":"Arformoterol and salmeterol in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a one year evaluation of safety and tolerance","volume":"2","author":"Donohue","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib18","first-page":"2167","article-title":"Cardiac safety profile of nebulized formoterol in adults with COPD: a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, double- blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Nelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib19","first-page":"571","article-title":"Cardiac safety of formoterol 12 microg twice daily in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"20","author":"Campbell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib20","first-page":"1439","article-title":"Inhaled anticholinergics and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"300","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib21","unstructured":"FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Follow-up to the October 2008 updated early communication about an ongoing safety review of tiotropium (marketed as Spiriva HandiHaler). At: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Drugs\/DrugSafety\/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders\/DrugSafetyInformationforHeathcareProfessionals\/ucm197429.htm. [accessed 22.03.10]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib22","first-page":"1543","article-title":"A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"359","author":"Tashkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib23","first-page":"20","article-title":"Cardiovascular safety of tiotropium in patients with COPD","volume":"137","author":"Celli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib24","first-page":"948","article-title":"Mortality in the 4-year trial of tiotropium (UPLIFT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"180","author":"Celli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib25","first-page":"1421","article-title":"Tiotropium and risk for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib26","first-page":"380","article-title":"Risk of death associated with medications for recently diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"149","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib27","first-page":"94","article-title":"Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in COPD: the impact of bronchodilator treatment","volume":"40","author":"Wood-Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027_bib28","first-page":"719","article-title":"Cardiovascular events in patients with COPD: TORCH Study results","volume":"65","author":"Calverley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611110005184?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611110005184?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T11:04:30Z","timestamp":1760612670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611110005184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954611110005184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cardio- and cerebrovascular safety of indacaterol vs\u00a0formoterol, salmeterol, tiotropium and placebo in COPD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.11.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}