{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:22:20Z","timestamp":1790266940756,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":731,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T20:36:00Z","timestamp":1420230960000},"page":"272-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Age-related and historical changes in the clinical characteristics of sarcoidosis in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Michiru","family":"Sawahata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiko","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosikazu","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Mato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Yamasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Bando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.2.ats4-99","volume":"160","author":"Statement on sarcoidosis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: epidemiology and prognosis. A 15-year European study","volume":"130","author":"Hillerdal","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00075307","article-title":"Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in Japan","volume":"31","author":"Morimoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib4","first-page":"46","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in Denmark 1980\u20131994. Sarcoidosis in Denmark 1980\u20131994. A registry-based incidence study comprising 5536 patients","volume":"20","author":"Byg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib5","series-title":"Sarcoidosis","first-page":"15","article-title":"Epidemiology","author":"Cullinan","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2104046","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis","volume":"164","author":"Baughman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib7","first-page":"3","article-title":"Clinical courses in patients with sarcoidosis: regression versus chronicity and development","volume":"27","author":"Nagai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jpn J Sarcoidosis Other Granulomatous Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2008.03.006","article-title":"Outcome of sarcoidosis","volume":"29","author":"Nagai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00005414","article-title":"Age-related differences in chest radiographic staging of sarcoidosis in Japan","volume":"43","author":"Sawahata","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib10","first-page":"89","article-title":"The japanese society of sarcoidosis and other granulomatous disorders (JSSOG) diagnostic criteria and guidelines for sarcoidosis-2006","volume":"22","year":"2007","journal-title":"Jpn J Sarcoidosis Other Granulomatous Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib11","first-page":"19","article-title":"The WASOG sarcoidosis organ assessment Instrument: an update of a previous clinical tool","volume":"31","author":"Judson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63327-5","article-title":"Indigenous pulmonary propionibacterium acnes primes the host in the development of sarcoid-like pulmonaru granulomatosis in mice","volume":"165","author":"Nishiwaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12030716","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: immunopathogenetic concepts and their clinical application","volume":"12","author":"M\u00fcller-Quernheim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60680-7","article-title":"Sarcoidosis","volume":"383","author":"Valeyre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0033TR","article-title":"Dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis","volume":"42","author":"Zaba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib16","first-page":"41","article-title":"Pathology","author":"Corrin","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02414.x","article-title":"Multiparameter phenotyping of T-cell subsets in distinct subgroups of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"271","author":"Wik\u00e9n","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2013-101532","article-title":"Recent advances in the genetics of sarcoidosis","volume":"50","author":"Spagnolo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.03.005","article-title":"Gene-environment interactions in sarcoidosis: challenge and opportunity","volume":"25","author":"Culver","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01073.x","article-title":"Is there a role for microorganisms in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis?","volume":"253","author":"du Bois","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201006-0865CI","article-title":"A concise review of pulmonary sarcoidosis","volume":"183","author":"Baughman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2001.00916.x","article-title":"Specific bronchoalveolar lavage fluid T cells associated with disease in a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for sarcoidosis","volume":"250","author":"Grunewald","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200606-130MS","article-title":"Role of CD4+ T cells in sarcoidosis","volume":"4","author":"Grunewald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib24","first-page":"27","article-title":"Parotid gland sarcoidosis","volume":"17","author":"James","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.12.8348","article-title":"High accumulation of T regulatory cells prevents the activation of immune responses in aged animals","volume":"177","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01023.x","article-title":"From na\u00efve to effector\u2013alterations with aging","volume":"160","author":"Linton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.010","article-title":"Mechanisms of foxp3+ T regulatory cell-mediated suppression","volume":"30","author":"Shevach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050648","article-title":"The immune paradox of sarcoidosis and regulatory T cells","volume":"203","author":"Miyara","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071714","article-title":"Sarcoidosis","volume":"357","author":"Iannuzzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(00)00179-4","article-title":"A current assessment of rurally linked exposures as potential risk factors for sarcoidosis","volume":"11","author":"Kajdasz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200402-249OC","article-title":"A case control etiologic study of sarcoidosis: environmental and occupational risk factors","volume":"170","author":"Newman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.80","article-title":"Localization of propionibacterium acnes in granulomas supports a possible etiologic link between sarcoidosis and the bacterium","volume":"25","author":"Negi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007302","article-title":"Exposure to environmental microorganisms and childhood asthma","volume":"364","author":"Ege","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2871","article-title":"Farm living: effects on childhood asthma and allergy","volume":"10","author":"von Mutius","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2010.51","article-title":"Role of dendritic cells: a step forward for the hygiene hypothesis","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2011.160853","article-title":"Asthma protection with bacteria-science or fiction?","volume":"66","author":"Renz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorax"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611114004508?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611114004508?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T11:31:57Z","timestamp":1760614317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611114004508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954611114004508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Age-related and historical changes in the clinical characteristics of sarcoidosis in Japan","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.12.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}