{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T20:33:53Z","timestamp":1781123633649,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001350","name":"Government of Singapore Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-001636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-001636"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T20:20:24Z","timestamp":1749154824000},"page":"108199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ethnic variation in South East Asian patients with severe asthma: A first look at the Singapore Severe Asthma Registry (SSAR) and implications on clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"245","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5729-647X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tunn Ren","family":"Tay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pee Hwee","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei Fong","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6346-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei Yee","family":"Tiew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5428-4825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mon Hnin","family":"Tun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tavleen Kaur","family":"Jaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui Fang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Yu-Fang Sieow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0417-7607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay H.","family":"Chotirmall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1230-0129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariko Siyue","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1608969","article-title":"Severe and difficult-to-treat asthma in adults","volume":"377","author":"Israel","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13378","article-title":"Severe asthma-A population study perspective","volume":"49","author":"Backman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.08.042","article-title":"The prevalence of severe refractory asthma","volume":"135","author":"Hekking","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14722","article-title":"Prevalence and burden of difficult-to-treat and severe asthma in Australia: a national population survey","volume":"29","author":"Davis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respirology (Carlton South)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.09.034","article-title":"Comorbidity burden in severe and nonsevere asthma: a nationwide observational study (FINASTHMA)","volume":"12","author":"Kankaanranta","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-210531","article-title":"Healthcare resource use and costs of severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma in the UK general population","volume":"73","author":"Kerkhof","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V46N6p217","article-title":"Comparison of the proportion and healthcare utilisation of adult patients with uncontrolled severe asthma versus non-severe asthma seen in a southeast asian hospital-based respiratory specialist clinic","volume":"46","author":"Tay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01444-2018","article-title":"Randomised controlled trials in severe asthma: selection by phenotype or stereotype","volume":"52","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"164","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0278-2021","article-title":"Biologics in severe asthma: the role of real-world evidence from registries","volume":"31","author":"Paoletti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15711","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of anti-IL5 and anti-IgE biologic classes in patients with severe asthma eligible for both","volume":"78","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202311-2192OC","article-title":"Exploring definitions and predictors of severe asthma clinical remission after biologic treatment in adults","volume":"210","author":"Perez-de-Llano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.05.016","article-title":"Exploring definitions and predictors of response to biologics for severe asthma","volume":"12","author":"Scelo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib14","first-page":"790","article-title":"Characterization of severe asthma worldwide: data from the international severe asthma registry","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest (Am. Coll. Chest Physicians)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0908","article-title":"ALERGODATA: sentinel registry of health outcomes in allergic patients treated with biological therapies at specialized allergology clinics in Spain","volume":"33","author":"Antol\u00edn Am\u00e9rigo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0989","article-title":"Baseline clinical characteristics and phenoendotypes of patients with severe asthma in alergodata: the Spanish allergy society registry","volume":"34","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Ortega","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.10.016","article-title":"The severe asthma network in Italy: findings and perspectives","volume":"7","author":"Heffler","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-215168","article-title":"Characterisation of patients with severe asthma in the UK Severe Asthma Registry in the biologic era","volume":"76","author":"Jackson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1159\/000533474","article-title":"Characteristics of severe asthma patients and predictors of asthma control in the Swiss severe asthma registry","volume":"102","author":"Jaun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respiration (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107427","article-title":"Characterization of Austrian severe asthma patients","volume":"219","author":"Renner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2021.403","article-title":"The Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR): real world research in severe asthma","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.06.002","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients with not well-controlled severe asthma in Japan: analysis of the Keio Severe Asthma Research Program in Japanese population (KEIO-SARP) registry","volume":"70","author":"Tanosaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergol. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-020-01065-0","article-title":"International severe asthma registry (ISAR): protocol for a global registry","volume":"20","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.710","article-title":"Severe eosinophilic asthma in Chinese C-BIOPRED asthma cohort","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.08.033","article-title":"Exacerbation-prone asthma in the context of race and ancestry in Asthma Clinical Research Network trials","volume":"144","author":"Grossman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001278","article-title":"Step-up therapy for children with uncontrolled asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids","volume":"362","author":"Lemanske","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1334","article-title":"Assessing differences in inhaled corticosteroid response by self-reported race-ethnicity and genetic ancestry among asthmatic subjects","volume":"137","author":"Wells","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201604-0861OC","article-title":"Identification of four novel loci in asthma in European American and African American populations","volume":"195","author":"Almoguera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.11.025","article-title":"Environmental justice and allergic disease: a work group report of the AAAAI environmental exposure and respiratory health committee and the diversity, equity and inclusion committee","volume":"151","author":"Burbank","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.03.024","article-title":"Barriers to medication adherence in asthma: the importance of culture and context","volume":"121","author":"McQuaid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.08.016","article-title":"Development of the international severe asthma registry (ISAR): a modified delphi study","volume":"7","author":"Bulathsinhala","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00202013","article-title":"International ERS\/ATS guidelines on definition, evaluation and treatment of severe asthma","volume":"43","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inf."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inf."},{"issue":"9403","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","author":"Consultation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22995","article-title":"Ethnicity, neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status, and obesity: the Singapore multiethnic cohort","volume":"28","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.08.016","article-title":"Asthma phenotypes in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort","volume":"157","author":"Tay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.06.049","article-title":"Characterization of obesity in severe asthma in the German asthma net","volume":"11","author":"Bal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14400","article-title":"Contribution of obesity to breathlessness in a large nationally representative sample of Australian adults","volume":"28","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respirology (Carlton South)"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16132338","article-title":"Estimation of prevalence of osteoporosis using OSTA and its correlation with sociodemographic factors, disability and comorbidities","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2023-003385","article-title":"Differences in type 2 diabetes risk between East, South, and Southeast Asians living in Singapore: the multi-ethnic cohort","volume":"11","author":"Seah","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201904-0903SO","article-title":"Systematic literature review of systemic corticosteroid use for asthma management","volume":"201","author":"Bleecker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.05.031","article-title":"Phenotypes and endotypes of adult asthma: moving toward precision medicine","volume":"144","author":"Kaur","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.03.019","article-title":"Characterization of asthma by age of onset: a multi-database cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Baan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.10.012","article-title":"Tobacco exposure and efficacy of biologic therapy in patients with severe asthma: a nationwide study from the Danish severe asthma register","volume":"12","author":"Baastrup Soendergaard","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S474306","article-title":"The influence of emphysema on treatment response to biologic therapy in severe asthma","volume":"17","author":"Biener","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Asthma Allergy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.034","article-title":"Impact of treatable traits on asthma control and quality of life","volume":"11","author":"Janssen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.12.027","article-title":"Global variability in administrative approval prescription criteria for biologic therapy in severe asthma","volume":"10","author":"Porsbjerg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2019.11.1.43","article-title":"Characteristics of adult severe refractory asthma in Korea analyzed from the severe asthma registry","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13465","article-title":"Blood eosinophil count correlates with severity of respiratory failure in life-threatening asthma and predicts risk of subsequent exacerbations","volume":"49","author":"Yii","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib54","article-title":"Retrospective analysis comparing the impact of biologics versus standard therapy in patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation","volume":"164","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chest (Am. Coll. Chest Physicians)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2016103","article-title":"Health promotion board-ministry of health clinical practice guidelines: obesity","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Singap. Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib56","first-page":"253","article-title":"Clinical response and remission in patients with severe asthma treated with biologic therapies","volume":"165","author":"Hansen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chest (Am. Coll. Chest Physicians)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00819-2023","article-title":"Clinical remission in severe asthma with biologic therapy: an analysis from the UK Severe Asthma Registry","volume":"62","author":"McDowell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0442","article-title":"Globalization of diabetes: the role of diet, lifestyle, and genes","volume":"34","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.02.059","article-title":"Cluster analysis of inflammatory biomarker expression in the international severe asthma registry","volume":"9","author":"Denton","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12364","article-title":"Allergic airway diseases in a tropical urban environment are driven by dominant mono-specific sensitization against house dust mites","volume":"69","author":"Andiappan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2021.08.009","article-title":"Prevalence of inhaled allergen-specific IgE antibody positivity in the healthy Japanese population","volume":"71","author":"Tanaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S349614","article-title":"Aero-allergen sensitization in the general population: longitudinal analyses of the LEAD (lung heart social body) study","volume":"15","author":"K\u00f6lli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Asthma Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12397","article-title":"Geographical variation in the prevalence of sensitization to common aeroallergens in adults: the GA(2) LEN survey","volume":"69","author":"Newson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2024.16.5.534","article-title":"Allergen sensitization and its association with allergic diseases in the Korean population: results from the 2019 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"16","author":"Yun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00586-2022","article-title":"Characteristics of severe asthma patients on biologics: a real-life European registry study","volume":"9","author":"Principe","year":"2023","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2022.14.2.220","article-title":"Real-world treatment patterns, outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization in newly treated Korean patients with asthma: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.01.011","article-title":"Treatable traits in airway disease: from theory to practice","volume":"11","author":"Agusti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2020.1837158","article-title":"Assessing the cost-effectiveness of mepolizumab as add-on therapy to standard of care for severe eosinophilic asthma in Singapore","volume":"59","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Asthma"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib71","first-page":"1723","article-title":"Heterogeneity of phenotypes in severe asthmatics","volume":"108","author":"Schleich","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Belgian Severe Asthma Registry (BSAR), Respiratory medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2022.106793","article-title":"The German severe asthma patient: baseline characteristics of patients in the German Severe Asthma Registry, and relationship with exacerbations and control","volume":"195","author":"Korn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16392","article-title":"Oral corticosteroid stewardship: key insights from the australasian severe asthma registry","volume":"54","author":"Politis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611125002616?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0954611125002616?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T07:33:39Z","timestamp":1764920019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0954611125002616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["S0954611125002616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ethnic variation in South East Asian patients with severe asthma: A first look at the Singapore Severe Asthma Registry (SSAR) and implications on clinical practice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108199","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108199"}}