{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:50:24Z","timestamp":1777881024598,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016345","name":"Wuhan University Renmin Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCRCYG-2022-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCRCYG-2022-012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016345","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","resmedjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T17:10:06Z","timestamp":1766164206000},"page":"108601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Preserved ratio impaired spirometry and restrictive spirometric pattern in obese populations: Clinical relevance with daytime hypercapnia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"251","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4091-0808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9862-7239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"151","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0097-2018","article-title":"Obesity hypoventilation syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Masa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1035","article-title":"Chest mechanics in morbidly obese non-hypoventilated patients","volume":"95","author":"Ladosky","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.128.3.501","article-title":"Effects of obesity on respiratory function","volume":"128","author":"Ray","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.10.027","article-title":"Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation improves lung volumes in the obesity hypoventilation syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Heinemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0027","article-title":"Recent advances in obesity hypoventilation syndrome","volume":"132","author":"Mokhlesi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-014-0089-y","article-title":"Epidemiology, genetics, and subtyping of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) in COPDGene","volume":"15","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-1045","article-title":"The vital capacity is vital: epidemiology and clinical significance of the restrictive spirometry pattern","volume":"149","author":"Godfrey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202304-0765LE","article-title":"Restrictive spirometry or PRISm: does it matter?","volume":"208","author":"Schiffers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201905-1071ST","article-title":"Evaluation and management of obesity hypoventilation syndrome. An official American thoracic society clinical practice guideline","volume":"200","author":"Mokhlesi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2023.01.001","article-title":"Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea using a bio-radar contact-free system compared with an established HST device in older adults","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib11","article-title":"Screening for obstructive sleep apnea using a contact-free system compared with polysomnography","volume":"1","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib12","series-title":"For the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. the AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events: Rules, Terminology and Technical Specifications","author":"Berry","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202205-0963OC","article-title":"A race-neutral approach to the interpretation of lung function measurements","volume":"207","author":"Bowerman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.20939","article-title":"Association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry and clinical outcomes in US adults","volume":"326","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib15","first-page":"943","article-title":"Respiratory management of the obese patient undergoing surgery","volume":"7","author":"Hodgson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12367","article-title":"Obesity hypoventilation syndrome in Japan and independent determinants of arterial carbon dioxide levels","volume":"19","author":"Harada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.08.026","article-title":"Risk factors, morbidity, and mortality in association with preserved ratio impaired spirometry and restrictive spirometric pattern: clinical relevance of preserved ratio impaired spirometry and restrictive spirometric pattern","volume":"167","author":"Cestelli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.45.1747","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of obesity-hypoventilation syndrome in Japan: a multi-center study","volume":"45","author":"Akashiba","year":"2006","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.01016-2023","article-title":"The rate of hypercapnic respiratory failure in a pulmonary function test laboratory database","volume":"10","author":"Fortis","year":"2024","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00364-2","article-title":"Lifetime spirometry patterns of obstruction and restriction, and their risk factors and outcomes: a prospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Dharmage","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61932-0","article-title":"Low FVC\/TLC in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) is associated with features of and progression to obstructive lung disease","volume":"10","author":"Fortis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-219696","article-title":"Spirometric patterns in young and middle-aged adults: a 20-year European study","volume":"79","author":"Carsin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00355-6","article-title":"The role of growth and nutrition in the early origins of spirometric restriction in adult life: a longitudinal, multicohort, population-based study","volume":"10","author":"Voraphani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202304-0765LE","article-title":"Restrictive spirometry or PRISm: does it matter?","author":"Schiffers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2988","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29922-0","article-title":"Preserved ratio impaired spirometry with or without restrictive spirometric abnormality","volume":"13","author":"Miura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095461112500664X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095461112500664X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:30:01Z","timestamp":1777595401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S095461112500664X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S095461112500664X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6111","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preserved ratio impaired spirometry and restrictive spirometric pattern in obese populations: Clinical relevance with daytime hypercapnia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.108601","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108601"}}