{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:20:11Z","timestamp":1787505611143,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":376,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Revue des Maladies Respiratoires"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T07:35:48Z","timestamp":1695454548000},"page":"675-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Les bioth\u00e9rapies en 2023\u00a0dans l\u2019asthme s\u00e9v\u00e8re de l\u2019enfant"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Amat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.05.015","article-title":"Prevalence of severe childhood asthma according to WHO","volume":"108","author":"Nordlund","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3300","article-title":"Eosinophils in the spotlight: eosinophilic airway inflammation in nonallergic asthma","volume":"19","author":"Brusselle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0280","first-page":"1352020","article-title":"International ERS\/ATS guidelines on definition, evaluation and treatment of severe asthma","volume":"52","author":"Chung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14425","article-title":"EAACI Biologicals Guidelines\u2014Recommendations for severe asthma","volume":"76","author":"Agache","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.12.027","article-title":"Factors associated with asthma severity in children: data from the French COBRAPed Cohort","volume":"9","author":"Lezmi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.03.002","article-title":"Omalizumab in children with uncontrolled allergic asthma: review of clinical trial and real-world experience","volume":"139","author":"Chipps","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.09.008","article-title":"Preseasonal treatment with either omalizumab or an inhaled corticosteroid boost to prevent fall asthma exacerbations","volume":"136","author":"Teach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0305","series-title":"Global strategy for asthma management and prevention","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.e36","article-title":"Treatment of childhood asthma with anti-immunoglobulin E antibody (omalizumab)","volume":"108","author":"Milgrom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62175-8","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term safety of the anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab, in children with allergic asthma","volume":"91","author":"Berger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.5.e55","article-title":"Omalizumab improves asthma-related quality of life in children with allergic asthma","volume":"110","author":"Lemanske","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e308","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.e308","article-title":"Exhaled nitric oxide in children with asthma receiving Xolair (omalizumab), a monoclonal anti-Immunoglobulin E antibody","volume":"113","author":"Silkoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.09.021","article-title":"Omalizumab for the treatment of exacerbations in children with inadequately controlled allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma","volume":"124","author":"Lanier","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1185\/03007991003771338","article-title":"Omalizumab in children with inadequately controlled severe allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma","volume":"26","author":"Kulus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009705","article-title":"Randomized trial of omalizumab (anti-IgE) for asthma in inner-city children","volume":"364","author":"Busse","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00149812","article-title":"Add-on omalizumab in children with severe allergic asthma: a 1-year real life survey","volume":"42","author":"Deschildre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00008115","article-title":"Real-life long-term omalizumab therapy in children with severe allergic asthma","volume":"46","author":"Deschildre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Resp J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-301570","article-title":"The oral corticosteroid-sparing effect of omalizumab in children with severe asthma","volume":"97","author":"Brodlie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23845","article-title":"Impact of omalizumab in children from a middle-income country with severe therapy-resistant asthma: a real-life study","volume":"52","author":"Pitrez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13373","article-title":"Asthma with multiple allergic comorbidities is associated with complete response to omalizumab","volume":"49","author":"Ses\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.04.043","article-title":"Omalizumab effectiveness by biomarker status in patients with asthma: evidence from PROSPERO, a prospective real-world study","volume":"7","author":"Casale","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702523","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02523-2017","article-title":"Omalizumab effectiveness in patients with severe allergic asthma according to blood eosinophil count: the STELLAIR study","volume":"51","author":"Humbert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.09.032","article-title":"American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology\/American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Joint Task Force Report on omalizumab-associated anaphylaxis","volume":"120","author":"Cox","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12405","article-title":"Systematic review on the use of omalizumab for the treatment of asthmatic children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.02.007","article-title":"Incidence of malignancy in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma treated with or without omalizumab","volume":"134","author":"Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.09.017","article-title":"EXCELS study results do not rule out potential cancer risk with omalizumab","volume":"135","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.01.033","article-title":"Omalizumab and the risk of malignancy: results from a pooled analysis","volume":"129","author":"Busse","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13678","article-title":"Omalizumab discontinuation in children with severe allergic asthma: an observational real-life study","volume":"74","author":"Deschildre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103130","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03130-2021","article-title":"Real-life omalizumab exposure and discontinuation in a large nationwide population-based study of pediatric and adult asthmatics","volume":"60","author":"Humbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2761","article-title":"Therapeutic antibodies for autoimmunity and inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Chan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00004013","article-title":"Anti-interleukin-5 therapy in severe asthma","volume":"22","author":"Garcia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0425","first-page":"CD010834","article-title":"Anti-IL5 therapies for asthma","volume":"9","author":"Farne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1403290","article-title":"Mepolizumab treatment in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma","volume":"371","author":"Ortega","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1403291","article-title":"Oral glucocorticoid-sparing effect of mepolizumab in eosinophilic asthma","volume":"371","author":"Bel","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.08.008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of asthma-related hospitalization in mepolizumab studies of severe eosinophilic asthma","volume":"139","author":"Yancey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30125-X","article-title":"Efficacy of mepolizumab add-on therapy on health-related quality of life and markers of asthma control in severe eosinophilic asthma (MUSCA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multi-centre, phase 3b trial","volume":"5","author":"Chupps","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0450","first-page":"PA5447","article-title":"Mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma: a comparison of efficacy in children, adolescents, and adults. ERS 2018","volume":"52","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01198-9","article-title":"Mepolizumab for urban children with exacerbation-prone eosinophilic asthma in the USA (MUPPITS-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial","volume":"400","author":"Jackson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100396","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00396-2021","article-title":"Stopping versus continuing long-term mepolizumab treatment in severe eosinophilic asthma (COMET study)","volume":"59","author":"Moore","year":"2022","journal-title":"ERJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2017.1387245","article-title":"Dupilumab for the treatment of asthma","volume":"17","author":"Pelaia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804092","article-title":"Dupilumab efficacy and safety in moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma","volume":"378","author":"Castro","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804093","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of dupilumab in glucocorticoid-dependent severe asthma","volume":"378","author":"Rabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13614","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of dupilumab for the treatment of severe asthma in a real-life French multi-centre adult cohort","volume":"50","author":"Dupin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2106567","article-title":"Dupilumab in children with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma","volume":"385","author":"Bacharier","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31324-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of benralizumab for patients with severe asthma uncontrolled with high-dosage inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting \u03b22-agonists (SIROCCO): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"388","author":"Bleecker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31322-8","article-title":"Benralizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 receptor \u03b1 monoclonal antibody, as add-on treatment for patients with severe, uncontrolled, eosinophilic asthma (CALIMA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"388","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703501","article-title":"Oral glucocorticoid-sparing effect of benralizumab in severe asthma","volume":"376","author":"Nair","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2018.1496819","article-title":"Benralizumab for the add-on maintenance treatment of patients with severe asthma aged 12 years and older with an eosinophilic phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Al Efraij","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25286","article-title":"Pulmonary eosinophilic vasculitis with granulomas and benralizumab in children","volume":"56","author":"Hinds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00339","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00339-2020","article-title":"Childhood-onset severe hypereosinophilic asthma: efficacy of benralizumab","volume":"6","author":"Just","year":"2020","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034975","article-title":"Tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma","volume":"384","author":"Menzies-Gow","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2022.11.008","article-title":"Biologics for severe asthma: the real-world evidence, effectiveness of switching, and prediction factors for the efficacy","volume":"72","author":"Nagase","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13809","article-title":"Switching between biologics in severe asthma patients. When the first choice is not proven to be the best","volume":"51","author":"Papaioannou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"}],"container-title":["Revue des Maladies Respiratoires"],"original-title":[],"language":"fr","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S076184252300236X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S076184252300236X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:24:48Z","timestamp":1760106288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S076184252300236X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S076184252300236X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0761-8425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0761-8425","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Les bioth\u00e9rapies en 2023\u00a0dans l\u2019asthme s\u00e9v\u00e8re de l\u2019enfant","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Revue des Maladies Respiratoires","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmr.2023.09.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}