{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:45:53Z","timestamp":1788306353082,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T11:00:27Z","timestamp":1519988427000},"page":"106-114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Managing latent tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis in children"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonologist, Centro Diagnostico Pneumol\u00f3gico de Gaia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho","place":["Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Goletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases","place":["Roma, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Manga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor at Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department San Marcos National University, Principal Professor of Infectious Diseases Lung Diseases at Hermilio Valdizan University","place":["Peru"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Pulmonology Division","place":["Porto Alegre, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Manissero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Honorary Senior Lecturer, University College of London, Institute for Global Health","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Migliori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for TB and Lung Diseases, Maugeri Care and Research Institute! Tradate","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Report. 2017; Available at: www.who.int."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"278","article-title":"The clinical epidemiology of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a critical review of literature from the pre-chemotherapy era","volume":"8","author":"Marais B.J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"B.J. Marais, R.P. Gie, H.S. Schaaf, A.C. Hesseling, C.C. Obihara, L.J. Nelson et al. The clinical epidemiology of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a critical review of literature from the pre-chemotherapy era. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004; 8: 278\u2013285.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"732","article-title":"The spectrum of disease in children treated for tuberculosis in a highly endemic area","volume":"10","author":"Marais B.J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"B.J. Marais, R.P. Gie, H.S. Schaaf, A.C. Hesseling, D.A. Enarson, N. Beyers. The spectrum of disease in children treated for tuberculosis in a highly endemic area. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006; 10: 732\u2013738.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0037-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1008049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","article-title":"Tuberculosis exposure, infection and disease in children: a systematic diagnostic approach","volume":"8","author":"Roya-Pabon C.L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"C.L. Roya-Pabon, C.M. Perez-Velez. Tuberculosis exposure, infection and disease in children: a systematic diagnostic approach. Pneumonia (Nathan). 2016; 8:","journal-title":"Pneumonia (Nathan)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw778"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/47.3.153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2005.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Perez-Velez. Diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children. J.R. Starke P.R. Donald. Handbook of child and adolescent tuberculosis. 2016; New York: Oxford; 147\u2013176.","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780190220891.003.0009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.5.e608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00137907"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Luzzati G.B. Migliori M. Zignol D.M. Cirillo M. Maschio R. Tominz et al. Children under 5 years are at risk for tuberculosis after an occasional contact with highly contagious patients: an out-patient outbreak from a smear positive health care worker. Eur Respir J. 2017;","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01414-2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140099"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01012-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2017.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00510-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02033-2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piu119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138952"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-2983"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","first-page":"1376","article-title":"This official statement of the American Thoracic Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was adopted by the ATS Board of Directors, July 1999. This statement was endorsed by the Council of the Infectious Disease Society of America, September 1999","volume":"161","author":"Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children","year":"2000","unstructured":"Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children. This official statement of the American Thoracic Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was adopted by the ATS Board of Directors, July 1999. This statement was endorsed by the Council of the Infectious Disease Society of America, September 1999. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000; 161(Pt 1): 1376\u20131395.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040880"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/781320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000173305.04212.09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318243e27b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Autologous fibrin glue as an encapsulating scaffold for delivery of retinal progenitor cells","volume":"2","author":"Ahmed T.A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"T.A. Ahmed, R. Ringuette, V.A. Wallace, M. Griffith. Autologous fibrin glue as an encapsulating scaffold for delivery of retinal progenitor cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2014; 2: 85.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","article-title":"Sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical risk factors for childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in severely malnourished children presenting with pneumonia: observation in an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh","volume":"2","author":"Chisti M.J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M.J. Chisti, T. Ahmed, A.S. Shahid, K.M. Shahunja, P.K. Bardhan, A.S. Faruque et al. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical risk factors for childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in severely malnourished children presenting with pneumonia: observation in an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh. Glob Pediatr Health. 2015; 2: 2333794X15594183.","journal-title":"Glob Pediatr Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050660"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0686"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"The TB infection in children with chronic renal diseases","volume":"110","author":"Munteanu M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"M. Munteanu, F. Cucer, C. Halitchi, R. Muller, O. Brumariu. The TB infection in children with chronic renal diseases. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2006; 110: 309\u2013313.","journal-title":"Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Passive smoking, indoor air pollution and childhood tuberculosis: a case control study","volume":"59","author":"Patra S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Patra, S. Sharma, D. Behera. Passive smoking, indoor air pollution and childhood tuberculosis: a case control study. Indian J Tuberc. 2012; 59: 151\u2013155.","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","first-page":"636","article-title":"Global epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis","volume":"8","author":"Nelson L.J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"L.J. Nelson, C.D. Wells. Global epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004; 8: 636\u2013647.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.66.6.980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/47.3.153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a017855"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00028-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02015003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.062315"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2046904712Z.00000000076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01463-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.84"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2010.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.5552"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-203127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0773"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ613"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70884-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1303657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01316-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016425"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21494"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0526"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/589471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-009-0988-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.16.12.19825-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17702-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8479(05)80027-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_1","unstructured":"S. Ramos R. Gaio F. Ferreira J.P. Leal S. Martins J.V. Santos et al. Tuberculosis in children from diagnosis to decision to treat. Rev Port Pneumol (2006). 2017; pii: S2173-5115(17)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"Tuberculosis in undiagnosed children: what are the criteria to start treatment in Portugal?","volume":"21","author":"Martins S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. Martins, I. Carvalho, J.V. Santos, R. Duarte. Tuberculosis in undiagnosed children: what are the criteria to start treatment in Portugal?. Rev Port Pneumol (2006). 2015; 21: 223\u2013224.","journal-title":"Rev Port Pneumol (2006)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200511-1834OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Managing tuberculosis patients and improving adherence. 2014; Atlanta GA: CDC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_1","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases. 2015 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 30th ed. 2015; Elk Grove Village IL: AAP."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Rapid advice: treatment of tuberculosis in children. 2010; Geneva: WHO."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2016.1262813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_1","article-title":"Evaluation of the adequacy of the 2010 revised World Health Organization recommended dosages of the first-line antituberculosis drugs for children","volume":"14","author":"Yang H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"H. Yang, A. Enimil, F.S. Gillani, S. Antwi, A. Dompreh, A. Ortsin et al. Evaluation of the adequacy of the 2010 revised World Health Organization recommended dosages of the first-line antituberculosis drugs for children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017; 14:","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children. 2nd ed. 2014; Geneva Switzerland: WHO."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_1","unstructured":"G. Santos O. Oliveira R. Gaio R. Duarte. Effect of isoniazid resistance on the tuberculosis treatment outcome. Arch Bronconeumol. 2017; .."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2015.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.2.226"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcg100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91127-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_1","first-page":"CD001876","article-title":"Corticosteroids for tuberculous pleurisy","volume":"3","author":"Ryan H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"H. Ryan, J. Yoo, P. Darsini. Corticosteroids for tuberculous pleurisy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; 3: CD001876.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0416"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0624"}],"container-title":["Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173511517301665?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173511517301665?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.10.007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T21:06:52Z","timestamp":1744060012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.10.007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.10.007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["2531-0429","2531-0437"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2531-0429","type":"print"},{"value":"2531-0437","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tpul20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tpul20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2017-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-10-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}