{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:51:54Z","timestamp":1761875514043,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Revista de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental (English Edition)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]],"date-time":"2022-12-10T03:10:57Z","timestamp":1670641857000},"page":"223-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk factors of deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: Results from a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Cyran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patryk","family":"Piotrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Samochowiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Gr\u0105\u017alewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u0142a\u017cej","family":"Misiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e141","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020141","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence of schizophrenia","volume":"2","author":"Saha","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.5.578","article-title":"Deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia: the concept","volume":"145","author":"Carpenter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2018.15.1.94","article-title":"Is the prevalence of the deficit syndrome in schizophrenia higher than estimated? Results of a meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"L\u00f3pez-D\u00edaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000952","article-title":"Neurocognitive impairment in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Bora","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30050-6","article-title":"Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: new developments and unanswered research questions","volume":"5","author":"Galderisi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx064","article-title":"Primary enduring negative symptoms: an update on research","volume":"43","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1177\/000486740003401S08","article-title":"The epidemiology of the genetic liability for schizophrenia","volume":"34","author":"Hallmayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.7.1080","article-title":"Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: Historical and meta-analytic review","volume":"159","author":"Cannon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007030","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of Northern Hemisphere season of birth studies in schizophrenia","volume":"29","author":"Davies","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.02.015","article-title":"Toward a unified theory of childhood trauma and psychosis: a comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, neuropsychological and biological findings","volume":"75","author":"Misiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.04.016","article-title":"The link between schizophrenia and substance use disorder: a unifying hypothesis","volume":"194","author":"Khokhar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbw003","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the association between the level of cannabis use and risk of psychosis","volume":"42","author":"Marconi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00152-2","article-title":"Does tobacco use cause psychosis? Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Gurillo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(99)00231-5","article-title":"Male gender is associated with deficit schizophrenia: a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Roy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaa199","article-title":"association between specific childhood adversities and symptom dimensions in people with psychosis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Alameda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.02.023","article-title":"Impact of childhood trauma on positive and negative symptom remission in first episode psychosis","volume":"231","author":"Pruessner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbw179","article-title":"The effect of substance use on 10-year outcome in first-episode psychosis","volume":"43","author":"Weibell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.107953","article-title":"Nicotine dependence and illness severity in schizophrenia","volume":"201","author":"Krishnadas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0300","article-title":"Early versus late risk factors for deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia","author":"Alabaf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810320088015","article-title":"A polydiagnostic application of operational criteria in studies of psychotic illness","volume":"48","author":"McGuffin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.3.441","article-title":"Remission in schizophrenia: proposed criteria and rationale for consensus","volume":"162","author":"Andreasen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90153-4","article-title":"The schedule for the deficit syndrome: an instrument for research in schizophrenia","volume":"30","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(92)90003-N","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a depression rating scale for schizophrenics","volume":"6","author":"Addington","year":"1992","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.9.1148","article-title":"Revising axis V for DSM-IV: a review of measures of social functioning","volume":"149","author":"Goldman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.20.3.310.823","article-title":"The repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS): preliminary clinical validity","volume":"20","author":"Randolph","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol (Neuropsychol Dev Cogn Sect A)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.11","article-title":"EPA guidance on assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia","volume":"64","author":"Galderisi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033443","article-title":"Risk factors for the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia","volume":"26","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.10.985","article-title":"Summer birth and deficit schizophrenia: a pooled analysis from 6 countries","volume":"61","author":"Messias","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.332","article-title":"The psychometric characteristics of the traumatic experiences checklist (TEC): first findings among psychiatric outpatients","volume":"9","author":"Nijenhuis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000567","article-title":"A history of childhood trauma and response to treatment with antipsychotics in first-episode schizophrenia patients","volume":"204","author":"Misiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.10.048","article-title":"The effect of lifetime adversities on resistance to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia patients","volume":"161","author":"Hassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008363","article-title":"Obstetric complications predict treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia","volume":"29","author":"Alvir","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789179","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.789179","article-title":"Gender differences in clinical and psychosocial features among persons with schizophrenia: a mini review","volume":"12","author":"Giordano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104577","article-title":"Male sex bias in early and late onset neurodevelopmental disorders: shared aspects and differences in autism spectrum disorder attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia","volume":"135","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(95)00102-6","article-title":"The deficit syndrome in the DMS-IV Field Trial: I. Alcohol and other drug abuse","volume":"20","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30057-2","article-title":"Prenatal and perinatal risk and protective factors for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.08.026","article-title":"An association between both low and high birth weight and increased disorganized and negative symptom severity in schizophrenia and other psychoses","volume":"205","author":"Wegelius","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.100","article-title":"Birth weight, schizophrenia, and adult mental disorder: Is risk confined to the smallest babies?","volume":"67","author":"Abel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(87)90088-4","article-title":"Obstetric complications, neurodevelopmental deviance, and risk of schizophrenia","volume":"21","author":"Lewis","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0708-3","article-title":"Birth by cesarean section and schizophrenia: results from the multicenter FACE-SZ data-set","volume":"267","author":"Fond","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Revista de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental (English Edition)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173505022000656?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173505022000656?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:42:40Z","timestamp":1761874960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2173505022000656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2173505022000656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2173-5050"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2173-5050"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk factors of deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: Results from a cross-sectional study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Revista de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental (English Edition)","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 SEP y SEPB. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}