{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:19:51Z","timestamp":1788445191998,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research in Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:15:38Z","timestamp":1785770138000},"page":"106355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nonliving biotherapeutics for veterinary enteric disease: Postbiotics, bacteriophage, and antivirulence strategies to reduce antibiotic dependence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"Sajid","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atif Ali Khan","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.101988","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of postbiotic, probiotic, and antibiotic against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens","volume":"101","author":"Abd El-Ghany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-022-03300-w","article-title":"The effect of a postbiotic produced by stabilized non-viable Lactobacilli on the health, growth performance, immunity, and gut status of colisepticaemic broiler chickens","volume":"54","author":"Abd El-Ghany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00981","article-title":"Editorial: phage therapy: past, present and future","volume":"8","author":"Abedon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/00439339.2021.1891400","article-title":"Commercial poultry feed formulation: current status, challenges, and future expectations","volume":"77","author":"Alhotan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3232","article-title":"Targeting virulence: can we make evolution-proof drugs?","volume":"12","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3182","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-53365-w","article-title":"Investigating bacteriophages as a novel multiple-hurdle measure against Campylobacter: field trials in commercial broiler plants","volume":"14","author":"Bogun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.3389\/fsufs.2018.00072","article-title":"Supplementation of protected sodium butyrate alone or in combination with essential oils modulated the cecal microbiota of broiler chickens challenged with Coccidia and Clostridium perfringens","volume":"2","author":"Bortoluzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Sustain. Food Syst."},{"issue":"Supplement_5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S384","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad497","article-title":"Therapeutic phage monitoring: a review","volume":"77","author":"Bosco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268824000682","article-title":"Salmonella Hadar linked to two distinct transmission vehicles highlights challenges to enteric disease outbreak investigations","volume":"152","author":"Brandenburg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933917000058","article-title":"Necrotic enteritis; current knowledge and diet-related mitigation","volume":"73","author":"Broom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13020305","article-title":"Novel insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"13","author":"Calvez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6554","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.6554-6563.2005","article-title":"Bacteriophage therapy to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization of broiler chickens","volume":"71","author":"Carrillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082221","article-title":"A narrative review on the unexplored potential of colostrum as a preventative treatment and therapy for diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves","volume":"11","author":"Carter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00632","article-title":"Bacteriophages to control Campylobacter in commercially farmed broiler chickens, in Australia","volume":"11","author":"Chinivasagam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2014.15.1.1","article-title":"An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention","volume":"15","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20230803","article-title":"Enteric tuft cell inflammasome activation drives NKp46+ ILC3 IL22 via PGD2 and inhibits Salmonella","volume":"222","author":"Churchill","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-016-1166-x","article-title":"Phage therapy in bacterial infections treatment: one hundred years after the discovery of bacteriophages","volume":"74","author":"Cisek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2008.10.012","article-title":"Treatment of calf diarrhea: antimicrobial and ancillary treatments","volume":"25","author":"Constable","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2937","article-title":"Bacteriocins \u2014 a viable alternative to antibiotics?","volume":"11","author":"Cotter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21572","article-title":"Phage therapy: what factors shape phage pharmacokinetics and bioavailability? Systematic and critical review","volume":"39","author":"D\u0105browska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24093","article-title":"Bacteriocins: properties and potential use as antimicrobials","volume":"36","author":"Darbandi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.18683\/germs.2022.1328","article-title":"Anti-virulence therapeutic strategies against bacterial infections: recent advances","volume":"12","author":"Dehbanipour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Germs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-24-00159","article-title":"Factors affecting decisions to use antibiotic-sparing treatment approaches in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections: a scoping review protocol","volume":"23","author":"Di Gangi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JBI Evid. Synth."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450024605409","article-title":"Ribosomally synthesized antibacterial peptides in gram positive bacteria","volume":"3","author":"Diep","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70160","article-title":"A review on miRNAs in enteric bacteria-mediated host pathophysiology: mechanisms and implications","volume":"39","author":"Doghish","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1181545","article-title":"Modulating gastrointestinal microbiota to alleviate diarrhea in calves","volume":"14","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2025.3288-3305","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in foodborne Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from animal-origin foods: transmission pathways, global surveillance gaps, and alternative therapeutic strategies","volume":"18","author":"Dushayeva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ovaf064","DOI":"10.1093\/lambio\/ovaf064","article-title":"Metabolomic and molecular insights into adenosine triphosphate synthase inhibitors from Micromonospora sp. as novel antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens of enteric origin","volume":"78","author":"El-Shatoury","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44987-7","article-title":"Phage therapy minimally affects the water microbiota in an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) rearing system while still preventing infection","volume":"13","author":"Fiedler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00074","article-title":"Recent advances in anti-virulence therapeutic strategies with a focus on dismantling bacterial membrane microdomains, toxin neutralization, quorum-sensing interference and biofilm inhibition","volume":"9","author":"Fleitas Mart\u00ednez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11040427","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: a comprehensive review of currently used methods","volume":"11","author":"Gajic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0160","series-title":"Biotechnology and Human Enhancement: Present Research and Future Perspectives","first-page":"51","article-title":"Live probiotics-loaded delivery systems","author":"Gerulis","year":"2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00066-18","article-title":"Phage therapy in the postantibiotic era","volume":"32","author":"Gordillo Altamirano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12060678","article-title":"Applied animal ethics in industrial food animal production: exploring the role of the veterinarian","volume":"12","author":"Hernandez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0175","series-title":"Necrotic Enteritis, Currently a Billion Dollar Disease: Is there Anything New on the Horizon?","author":"Hofacre","year":"2001"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9102049","article-title":"The case against antibiotics and for anti-virulence therapeutics","volume":"9","author":"Hotinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3390\/ph12010035","article-title":"Phages for phage therapy: isolation, characterization, and host range breadth","volume":"12","author":"Hyman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2164(10)70007-1","article-title":"Bacteriophage host range and bacterial resistance","volume":"70","author":"Hyman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1605215","article-title":"Alternatives to antibiotics for sustainable livestock production in the context of the one health approach: tackling a common foe","volume":"12","author":"Ibeagha-Awemu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2023.2224260","article-title":"Effect of in-water administration of quorum system inhibitors in broilers\u2019 productive performance and intestinal microbiome in a mild necrotic enteritis challenge","volume":"52","author":"Jaramillo-Jaramillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11030108","article-title":"Neonatal calf diarrhea and gastrointestinal microbiota: etiologic agents and microbiota manipulation for treatment and prevention of diarrhea","volume":"11","author":"Jessop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jvim70238","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70238","article-title":"Development and external validation of a predictive model of severe neonatal calf diarrhea in Hanwoo calves using animal, environmental, and management risk factors","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1346-1355","article-title":"Virulence factors and quorum sensing as targets of new therapeutic options by plant-derived compounds against bacterial infections caused by human and animal pathogens","volume":"16","author":"Kitpipit","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7525","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02703-13","article-title":"Effect of bacteriophage application on Campylobacter jejuni loads in commercial broiler flocks","volume":"79","author":"Kittler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8030072","article-title":"Targeting Staphylococcus aureus toxins: a potential form of anti-virulence therapy","volume":"8","author":"Kong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.01.014","article-title":"Phage therapy: a renewed approach to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria","volume":"25","author":"Kortright","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11060692","article-title":"Probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics for the prevention and control of necrotic enteritis in chickens","volume":"11","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation9090827","article-title":"Neonatal calf diarrhea is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fermentation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27061857","article-title":"Limitations of phage therapy and corresponding optimization strategies: a review","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/aro2.7","article-title":"From probiotics to postbiotics: concepts and applications","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Res. One Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0255","series-title":"Feed Additives-Recent Trends in Animal Nutrition","article-title":"Acidifiers as alternatives for antibiotics reduction and gut health improvement for poultry and swine","author":"Loan","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4161\/bact.1.2.14590","article-title":"Pros and cons of phage therapy","volume":"1","author":"Loc-Carrillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bacteriophage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-023-00993-0","article-title":"Alternative therapeutic strategies to treat antibiotic-resistant pathogens","volume":"22","author":"MacNair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0299-x","article-title":"Evolutionary classification of CRISPR\u2013Cas systems: a burst of class 2 and derived variants","volume":"18","author":"Makarova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000188","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202000188","article-title":"Microbial metabolites, postbiotics, and intestinal epithelial function","volume":"65","author":"Mayorgas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0280","series-title":"Intestinal Microbiota Analysis of Broiler Chickens under Necrotic Enteritis Challenge and Tributyrin Supplementation","author":"McKinney","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14369","article-title":"Invited review: bovine neonatal morbidity and mortality\u2014causes, risk factors, incidences, sequelae and prevention","volume":"58","author":"Mee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31020356","article-title":"Bacteriocins, a new generation of sustainable alternatives to antibacterial agents in primary food production systems","volume":"31","author":"Meskhi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115180","article-title":"Intrinsic insights to antimicrobial effects of Nitrofurantoin to multi drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ms202","volume":"165","author":"Mohakud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2025.105809","article-title":"Effects of bacteriophage supplementation on performance, gut health and blood biochemistry in broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis","volume":"193","author":"Muneeb","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-021-01299-1","article-title":"Effect of organic acids on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and immunity of broiler chickens with and without coccidial challenge","volume":"11","author":"Mustafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3390\/v10070351","article-title":"Resistance development to bacteriophages occurring during bacteriophage therapy","volume":"10","author":"Oechslin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-10967-5","article-title":"Bacteriophages as a modern diagnostic tool: innovations, applications and challenges","volume":"52","author":"Olszewska","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2026.119066","article-title":"Postbiotics for improving food quality and safety: from mechanistic insights to industrial applications","volume":"241","author":"Pawar","year":"2026","journal-title":"LWT"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-014-1617-7","article-title":"Quality and safety requirements for sustainable phage therapy products: Pirnay et al","volume":"32","author":"Pirnay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12121191","article-title":"Postbiotics: multifunctional microbial products transforming animal health and performance","volume":"12","author":"Prasad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-04123-z","article-title":"Inhibitory efficacy, production dynamics, and characterization of postbiotics of lactic acid bacteria","volume":"25","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3013","article-title":"Anti-virulence strategies to combat bacteria-mediated disease","volume":"9","author":"Rasko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-024-03948-y","article-title":"Bacteriocins: potentials and prospects in health and agrifood systems","volume":"206","author":"Reuben","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202508500","article-title":"Probiotic-based materials as living therapeutics","volume":"38","author":"Sabio","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0355","article-title":"The evolution of phage therapy: a comprehensive review of current applications and future innovations","volume":"16","author":"Sahoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00440-6","article-title":"The International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics","volume":"18","author":"Salminen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12111640","article-title":"Postbiotics and their health modulatory biomolecules","volume":"12","author":"Scott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0370","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Antibiotic-resistant enteric infections","volume":"33","author":"Shakoor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13033","article-title":"Biomedical applications of nisin","volume":"120","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.01.017","article-title":"Bacteriophages of the human gut: the \u201cknown unknown\u201d of the microbiome","volume":"25","author":"Shkoporov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8050639","article-title":"Bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides from bacterial origin: overview of their biology and their impact against multidrug-resistant bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Simons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01045-x","article-title":"Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials","volume":"22","author":"Sugrue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02071-21","article-title":"Considerations for the use of phage therapy in clinical practice","volume":"66","author":"Suh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0400","series-title":"Probiotics and Postbiotics in Veterinary Internal Medicine: Enhancing Gut and Immune Health","first-page":"43","author":"Tariq","year":"2025"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11193094","article-title":"Postbiotics: current trends in food and pharmaceutical industry","volume":"11","author":"Thorakkattu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3390\/nutraceuticals3010009","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects, protection of gut barrier integrity and stimulation of phagocytosis of postbiotic combination ABB C1","volume":"3","author":"Tintor\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutraceuticals"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10020279","article-title":"Application of Campylobacter jejuni phages: challenges and perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Ushanov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1582733","article-title":"Postbiotics: a perspective on their quantification","volume":"12","author":"Vinderola","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31020324","article-title":"Bacteriophage therapy: overcoming antimicrobial resistance through advanced delivery methods","volume":"31","author":"Wacnik","year":"2026","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2022.105818","article-title":"A scoping review of neonatal calf diarrhea case definitions","volume":"211","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3687","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13223687","article-title":"Methods for detection, extraction, purification, and characterization of exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria\u2014a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00975-16","article-title":"The Agr-like quorum sensing system is required for pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens in poultry","volume":"85","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3168\/jdsc.2024-0709","article-title":"Investigating gut permeability in neonatal calves with diarrhea: a case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Zakia","year":"2025","journal-title":"JDS Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jvimsj\/aalag007","article-title":"Characterizing bacteremia in neonatal calves with diarrhea: a case-control study","volume":"40","author":"Zakia","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16121638","article-title":"Phage therapy\u2014challenges, opportunities and future prospects","volume":"16","author":"Zalewska-Pi\u0105tek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17132187","article-title":"Postbiotics formulation and therapeutic effect in inflammation: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Zdybel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-025-06393-6","article-title":"Phage therapy and the microbiome in hematologic malignancies: opportunities, mechanisms, and early evidence","volume":"152","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Research in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0034528826003097?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0034528826003097?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:03:19Z","timestamp":1788444199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0034528826003097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["S0034528826003097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355","relation":{},"ISSN":["0034-5288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0034-5288","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nonliving biotherapeutics for veterinary enteric disease: Postbiotics, bacteriophage, and antivirulence strategies to reduce antibiotic dependence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Research in Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2026.106355","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106355"}}