{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T13:36:16Z","timestamp":1781357776167,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8494\/NRPU"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8494\/NRPU"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004681","name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6400\/NRPU"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6400\/NRPU"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T01:09:55Z","timestamp":1616202595000},"page":"119722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"special_numbering":"C","title":["SERS-based viral load quantification of hepatitis B virus from PCR products"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"255","author":[{"given":"Fatima","family":"Batool","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haq","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Irfan","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nosheen","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Akbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Abubakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamsheer","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Naeem","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saqib","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Kashif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<1942::AID-CNCR2820611003>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"61","author":"Beasley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.64.1.51-68.2000","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus biology","volume":"64","author":"Seeger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i1.48","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus replication","volume":"13","author":"Beck","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.2144\/99261rv01","article-title":"Quantitative RT-PCR: pitfalls and potential","volume":"26","author":"Freeman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0025","article-title":"Agarose gel electrophoresis for the separation of DNA fragments","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Visualized Exp."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-022X(01)00174-9","article-title":"Cost-effective gel documentation using a web-cam","volume":"50","author":"Goldmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2144\/96211bm15","article-title":"Low-cost agarose gel documentation system","volume":"21","author":"Scott","year":"1996","journal-title":"BioTechniques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2017.12.008","article-title":"Tuberculosis determination using SERS and chemometric methods","volume":"108","author":"Botta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2020.118729","article-title":"Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of the serum samples for the diagnosis of Hepatitis C and prediction of the viral loads","volume":"242","author":"Kashif","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta Part A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5655","DOI":"10.1039\/C4AN01077A","article-title":"DNA bioassay-on-chip using SERS detection for dengue diagnosis","volume":"139","author":"Ngo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-8923-8","article-title":"SERS analysis of serum for detection of early and locally advanced breast cancer","volume":"407","author":"Cervo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2018-0127","article-title":"Combining SERS analysis of serum with PSA levels for improving the detection of prostate cancer","volume":"13","author":"Stefancu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-015-1639-9","article-title":"SERS-fluorescence dual mode nanotags for cervical cancer detection using aptamers conjugated to gold-silver nanorods","volume":"183","author":"Bamrungsap","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microchimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.E. Hankus, D.N. Stratis-Cullum, P.M. Pellegrino, Characterization of next-generation commercial surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates, in: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XII. 2011. International Society for Optics and Photonics.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.886779"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2015.02.121","article-title":"Ultrasensitive and quantitative detection of paraquat on fruits skins via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy","volume":"213","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors Actuators B: Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00813-6","article-title":"A new and sensitive method for the quantification of HBV cccDNA by real-time PCR","volume":"295","author":"He","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.-Y. Liu, Human liver tissue metabolic profiling research on hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. 19(22) (2013) 3423.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i22.3423"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.1039\/C8AN00599K","article-title":"Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) for classification of high-dimensional (HD) data: a review of contemporary practice strategies and knowledge gaps","volume":"143","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Analyst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7439(02)00051-5","article-title":"Model selection for partial least squares regression","volume":"64","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemometrics Intelligent Lab. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1836.1","article-title":"Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy and multivariate methods for radiobiological dosimetry","volume":"173","author":"Meade","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiation Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1021\/jp106666t","article-title":"Optimal size of silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy","volume":"115","author":"Stamplecoskie","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3981","DOI":"10.1021\/ac070078z","article-title":"Surface-enhanced Raman scattering based nonfluorescent probe for multiplex DNA detection","volume":"79","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-1425(03)00262-2","article-title":"Temperature-dependent Raman spectra of collagen and DNA","volume":"60","author":"Dong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta Part A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1366\/0003702053641487","article-title":"Surface-enhanced Raman spectra of calf thymus DNA adsorbed on concentrated silver colloid","volume":"59","author":"Ke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.1250170311","article-title":"Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of DNA bases","volume":"17","author":"Otto","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.105.066761","article-title":"Micro-Raman spectroscopy detects individual neoplastic and normal hematopoietic cells","volume":"90","author":"Chan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.1734","article-title":"Reference database of Raman spectra of biological molecules","volume":"38","author":"De Gelder","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Raman Spectrosc.: Int. J. Original Work in all Aspects of Raman Spectroscopy, Including Higher Order Processes, and also Brillouin and Rayleigh Scattering"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.30204","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction-surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PCR-SERS) method for gene methylation level detection in plasma","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00357a056","article-title":"Characteristics and variations of B-type DNA conformations in solutions: a quantitative analysis of Raman band intensities of eight DNAs","volume":"25","author":"Wartell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24213921","article-title":"SERS studies of adsorption on gold surfaces of mononucleotides with attached hexanethiol moiety: comparison with selected single-stranded thiolated DNA fragments","volume":"24","author":"Pyrak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6215(86)85020-0","article-title":"FT-IR and laser-Raman spectra of guanine and guanosine","volume":"146","author":"Mathlouthi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh232","article-title":"On the interpretation of Raman spectra of 1-aminooxy-spermine\/DNA complexes","volume":"32","author":"Ruiz-Chica","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.10.017","article-title":"Applying AuNPs\/SWCNT to fabricate electrical nanogap device for DNA hybridization detection","volume":"157","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201611243","article-title":"Conformational SERS classification of K-Ras point mutations for cancer diagnostics","volume":"129","author":"Morla-Folch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/131859","article-title":"FT-Raman signatures of genomic DNA from plant tissues","volume":"23","author":"Muntean","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spectroscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0180","article-title":"Raman spectroscopy analysis of the biochemical characteristics of molecules associated with the malignant transformation of gastric mucosa","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Naumann, Infrared and NIR Raman spectroscopy in medical microbiology, in: Infrared Spectroscopy: New Tool in Medicine, International Society for Optics and Photonics, 1998.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.306089"}],"container-title":["Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386142521002985?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386142521002985?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T01:44:44Z","timestamp":1761356684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1386142521002985"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S1386142521002985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-1425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-1425","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"SERS-based viral load quantification of hepatitis B virus from PCR products","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119722","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119722"}}