{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:44:49Z","timestamp":1790793889395,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,24]],"date-time":"2005-11-24T07:10:06Z","timestamp":1132816206000},"page":"291-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":227,"title":["Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in different forms of schizophrenia treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Xiang Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Long","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian Yuan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro","volume":"105","author":"Aebi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(02)00220-8","article-title":"The indices of endogenous oxidative and antioxidative processes in plasma from schizophrenic patients. The possible role of oxidant\/antioxidant imbalance","volume":"26","author":"Akyol","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00284-0","article-title":"Supplementation with a combination of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants (vitamins E and C) improves the outcome of schizophrenia","volume":"62","author":"Arvindakshan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(90)90103-C","article-title":"Platelet glutathione peroxidase and monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenics with CT scan abnormalities: relation to psychosocial variables","volume":"31","author":"Buckman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(98)00110-6","article-title":"Elevated lipid peroxidation and disturbed antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma and erythrocytes of patients with uterine cervicitis and myoma","volume":"32","author":"Chiou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00092-X","article-title":"Essential fatty acids, lipid membrane abnormalities, and the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"47","author":"Fenton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000789","article-title":"Evidence that the activities of erythrocyte free radical scavenging enzymes and the products of lipid peroxidation are increased in different forms of schizophrenia","volume":"6","author":"Herken","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib9","series-title":"Phospholipid Spectrum Disorders in Psychiatry","first-page":"3","article-title":"The phospholipid concept of psychiatric disorders and its relationship to the neurodevelopmental concept of schizophrenia","author":"Horrobin","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(91)90235-E","article-title":"Fatty acid levels in the brains of schizophrenics and normal controls","volume":"30","author":"Horrobin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(93)90032-C","article-title":"Erythrocyte membrane phospholipids in psychotic patients","volume":"49","author":"Keshavan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(01)00334-6","article-title":"Reduced erythrocyte membrane essential fatty acids and increased lipid peroxides in schizophrenia at the never-mediated first-episode of psychosis and after years of treatment with antipsychotics","volume":"58","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810360061009","article-title":"Oxygen radicals and neuropsychiatric illness. Some speculations","volume":"48","author":"Lohr","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib16","first-page":"159","article-title":"Free radical involvement in neuropsychiatric illnesses","volume":"31","author":"Lohr","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(92)90024-Y","article-title":"Smoking and schizophrenia","volume":"8","author":"Lohr","year":"1992","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(90)90490-S","article-title":"Increased indices of free radical activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with tardive dyskinesia","volume":"28","author":"Lohr","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200317010-00004","article-title":"Oxidative mechanisms and tardive dyskinesia","volume":"17","author":"Lohr","year":"2003","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(02)00033-3","article-title":"Is schizophrenia a metabolic brain disorder? Membrane phospholipid dysregulation and its therapeutic implications","volume":"26","author":"Mahadik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(95)00049-6","article-title":"Free radical pathology and antioxidant defense in schizophrenia: a review","volume":"19","author":"Mahadik","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00282-5","article-title":"Elevated plasma lipid peroxides at the onset of non-affective psychosis","volume":"43","author":"Mahadik","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.5.610","article-title":"The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys XIV: plasma lipid peroxide and serum vitamin E levels in patients with and without tardive dyskinesia and in normal subjects","volume":"167","author":"McCreadie","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(95)00048-8","article-title":"Impaired antioxidant defense at the onset of psychosis","volume":"19","author":"Mukherjee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90467-6","article-title":"Reevaluation of assay methods and establishment of kit for superoxide dismutase activity","volume":"142","author":"Oyanagui","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib24","first-page":"158","article-title":"Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase","volume":"70","author":"Paglia","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(02)00048-1","article-title":"Differential effects of antipsychotics on expression of antioxidant enzymes and membrane lipid peroxidation in rat brain","volume":"37","author":"Parikh","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(01)00048-6","article-title":"A dose-ranging exploratory study of the effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate in patients with persistent schizophrenic symptoms","volume":"36","author":"Peet","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199300830-00003","article-title":"Tardive dyskinesia, lipid peroxidation, and sustained amelioration with vitamin E treatment","volume":"8","author":"Peet","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(03)00220-8","article-title":"Decreased antioxidant enzymes and membrane essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenic and bipolar mood disorder patients","volume":"121","author":"Ranjekar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-3278(96)90143-X","article-title":"Free radical pathology in schizophrenia: a review","volume":"55","author":"Reddy","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(91)90298-Z","article-title":"Enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in chronic schizophrenic patients","volume":"30","author":"Reddy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00407-3","article-title":"Reduced plasma antioxidants in first-episode patients with schizophrenia","volume":"62","author":"Reddy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.9.1207","article-title":"Markers of glutamatergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress associated with tardive dyskinesia","volume":"155","author":"Tsai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1833-4_1","article-title":"Lipid peroxides and related radicals in clinical medicine","volume":"366","author":"Yagi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(98)00028-4","article-title":"Effects of haloperidol on antioxidant defense system enzymes in schizophrenia","volume":"32","author":"Yao","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00184-X","article-title":"Human plasma glutathione peroxidase and symptom severity in schizophrenia","volume":"45","author":"Yao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(00)00230-4","article-title":"Abnormal age-related changes of plasma antioxidant proteins in schizophrenia","volume":"97","author":"Yao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200115040-00004","article-title":"Oxidative damage and schizophrenia: an overview of the evidence and its therapeutic implications","volume":"15","author":"Yao","year":"2001","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v62n1107","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of extract of Ginkgo biloba added to haloperidol in treatment-resistant patients with schizophrenia","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200102000-00015","article-title":"The effect of extract of Ginkgo biloba added to haloperidol on superoxide dismutase in inpatients with chronic schizophrenia","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(02)00303-7","article-title":"Elevated blood superoxide dismutase in neuroleptic-free schizophrenia: association with positive symptoms","volume":"117","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00352-3","article-title":"Blood superoxide dismutase level in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia: association with dyskinetic movements","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200304000-00004","article-title":"The effect of risperidone treatment on superoxide dismutase in schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996405004780?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996405004780?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:21:14Z","timestamp":1760296874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920996405004780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0920996405004780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in different forms of schizophrenia treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2005.10.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}