{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:20:47Z","timestamp":1791300047274,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MH074983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH074983"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 MH091774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 MH091774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 MH118617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 MH118617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DA024628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DA024628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 MH103213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 MH103213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006975","name":"Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1 TR001107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1 TR001107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006975","name":"Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:38:29Z","timestamp":1639010309000},"page":"30-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Race and self-reported paranoia: Increased item endorsement on subscales of the SPQ"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"253","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Wolny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra B.","family":"Moussa-Tooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen J.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian F.","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William P.","family":"Hetrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2006.57.6.857","article-title":"Racial differences in stigmatizing attitudes toward people with mental illness","volume":"57","author":"Anglin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/258275","article-title":"Examination of the factor structure of the schizotypal personality questionnaire among british and trinidadian adults","volume":"2015","author":"Barron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.3.588","article-title":"Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures","volume":"88","author":"Bentler","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.938596","article-title":"When are multidimensional data unidimensional enough for structural equation modeling? An evaluation of the DETECT multidimensionality index","volume":"22","author":"Bonifay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model. Multidiscip. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.04.038","article-title":"Schizotypy and clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and quality of life in individuals with a psychotic disorder","volume":"166","author":"Brosey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.1.12","article-title":"Schizophrenia and migration- a meta-analysis and review","volume":"162","author":"Cantor-Graae","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1177\/0011000006292033","article-title":"Racism and psychological and emotional injury: recognizing and assessing race-based traumatic stress","volume":"35","author":"Carter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Couns. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0040","first-page":"1","article-title":"mirt: A multidimensional item response theory package for the R environment","volume":"48","author":"Chalmers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164415584576","article-title":"It might not make a big DIF: improved differential test functioning statistics that account for sampling variability","volume":"76","author":"Chalmers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.103.2.171","article-title":"Putatively psychosis-prone subjects 10 years later","volume":"103","author":"Chapman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(03)00104-4","article-title":"Ethnicity and four personality disorders","volume":"44","author":"Chavira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000180","article-title":"Measurement invariance of the schizotypal personality questionnaire in asian, Pacific islander, white, and multiethnic populations","volume":"28","author":"Cicero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Assess."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2010.24.4.516","article-title":"Toward a more psychometrically sound brief measure of schizotypal traits: introducing the SPQ-brief revised","volume":"24","author":"Cohen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Personal. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798405283175","article-title":"Perceived racism as a predictor of paranoia among African Americans","volume":"32","author":"Combs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Black Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(197507)31:3<442::AID-JCLP2270310315>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Level of education, diagnosis and race-related differences in MMPI performance","volume":"31","author":"Cowan","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02295424","article-title":"Constructing a covariance matrix that yields a specified minimizer and a specified minimum discrepancy function value","volume":"57","author":"Cudeck","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/08957347.2011.580255","article-title":"An analytic comparison of effect sizes for differential item functioning","volume":"24","author":"DeMars","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Meas. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/2095676","article-title":"The continuing significance of race: AntiBlack discrimination in public places","volume":"56","author":"Feagin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. Sociol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0095","series-title":"Living With Racism: The Black Middle-class Experience","author":"Feagin","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0100","series-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I\/P)","author":"First","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0105","series-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders","author":"First","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.55.4.497","article-title":"Ethnicity and MMPI performance: a review","volume":"55","author":"Greene","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0115","series-title":"Black Rage","author":"Grier","year":"1980"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1037\/h0033555","article-title":"White norms and black MMPIs: a prescription for discrimination?","volume":"78","author":"Gynther","year":"1972","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20056","article-title":"Urbanicity, social adversity and psychosis","volume":"12","author":"Heinz","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx164","article-title":"Race, vigilant coping strategy, and hypertension in an integrated community","volume":"31","author":"Hines","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164414529792","article-title":"Anchor selection strategies for DIF analysis: review, assessment, and new approaches","volume":"75","author":"Kopf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.07.001","article-title":"Development and psychometric properties of the multidimensional schizotypy scale: a new measure for assessing positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy","volume":"193","author":"Kwapil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S54081","article-title":"Perspectives on perceived stigma and self-stigma in adult male patients with depression","volume":"10","author":"Latalova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.12.845","article-title":"The Oxford-Liverpool inventory of feelings and experiences (O-LIFE): further description and extended norms","volume":"82","author":"Mason","year":"2006","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0155","series-title":"Family Interview for Genetic Studies (FIGS): A Manual for FIGS","author":"Maxwell","year":"1992"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.02.020","article-title":"Ten-year stability of self-reported schizotypal personality features in patients with psychosis and their healthy siblings","volume":"227","author":"Moreno-Izco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Researcg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000052","article-title":"Contextualizing behaviors associated with paranoia: perspectives of black men","volume":"18","author":"Mosley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Men Masculinity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0170","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bifactor structure of the schizotypal personality questionnaire across the schizotypy Spectrum","volume":"34","author":"Moussa-Tooks","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Personal. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.09.074","article-title":"Social cognition and african american men: the roles of perceived discrimination and experimenter race on task performance","volume":"259","author":"Nagendra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0180","article-title":"How often do US-based schizophrenia papers published in high-impact psychiatric journals report on race and ethnicity?: a 20-year update of lewine and caudle (1999)","volume":"1\u20138","author":"Nagendra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ment. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000158","article-title":"Major discriminatory events and risk for psychotic experiences among black americans","volume":"86","author":"Oh","year":"2016","journal-title":"The American journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000309","article-title":"Meta-analysis of black vs. White racial disparity in schizophrenia diagnosis in the United States: do structured assessments attenuate racial disparities?","volume":"127","author":"Olbert","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082041","article-title":"Testing measurement invariance of the schizotypal personality questionnaire-brief scores across Spanish and Swiss adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Ortuno-Sierra","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-008-9067-9","article-title":"Measurement in cross-cultural neuropsychology","volume":"18","author":"Pedraza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb6005","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","first-page":"201","author":"R Core Team","year":"2013"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb6000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.39.11.1234","article-title":"Clinical treatment of the nondisclosing black client. A therapeutic paradox","volume":"39","author":"Ridley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/17.4.555","article-title":"The SPQ: a scale for the assessment of schizotypal personality based on DSM-III-R criteria","volume":"17","author":"Raine","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/20.1.191","article-title":"Cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized features of schizotypal personality","volume":"20","author":"Raine","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346 355","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.1995.9.4.346","article-title":"The SPQ-B: a brief screening instrument for schizotypal personality disorder","volume":"9","author":"Raine","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Personal. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164412449831","article-title":"Multidimensionality and structural coefficient bias in structural equation modeling","volume":"73","author":"Reise","year":"2013","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033481","article-title":"Three-factor model of schizotypal personality- invariance across culture, gender, religious affiliation, family adversity, and psychopathology","volume":"26","author":"Reynolds","year":"2000","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"Lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling and more. Version 0.5\u201312 (BETA)","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v4.i4.133","article-title":"Racial disparities in psychotic disorder diagnosis: a review of empirical literature","volume":"4","author":"Schwartz","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.668152","article-title":"Paranoia and grandiosity in the general population: differential associations with putative causal factors","volume":"12","author":"Sheffield","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12109","article-title":"Worry processes in patients with persecutory delusions","volume":"55","author":"Startup","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007083","article-title":"Factorial composition of self-rated schizotypal traits among young males undergoing military training","volume":"30","author":"Stefanis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr597","article-title":"MissForest\u2013non-parametric missing value imputation for mixed-type data","volume":"28","author":"Stekhoven","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.39.3.329","article-title":"Racial microaggressions in the life experience of Black Americans","volume":"39","author":"Sue","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prof. Psychol. Res. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.35.1.19","article-title":"African Americans' perceptions of psychotherapy and psychotherapists","volume":"35","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prof. Psychol. Res. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1037\/0002-9432.76.2.154","article-title":"Differences in patterns of symptom attribution in diagnosing schizophrenia between African American and non-African American clinicians","volume":"76","author":"Trierweiler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.1.171","article-title":"Clinician attributions associated with the diagnosis of Schizophrenia in African American and Non-African American patients","volume":"68","author":"Trierweiler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0280","series-title":"Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity\u2014A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0285","series-title":"Prisoners in 2019","first-page":"1","year":"2020"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002847","article-title":"Comparison of imputation methods for missing laboratory data in medicine","volume":"3","author":"Waljee","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0011000001294003","article-title":"Cultural mistrust and mental health Services for African Americans: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Whaley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Couns. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.111.4.568","article-title":"Confluent paranoia in African American psychiatric patients: an empirical study of Ridley's typology","volume":"111","author":"Whaley","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0305","series-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"},{"issue":"57\u201363","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0310","article-title":"Elevated levels of cognitive-perceptual deficits in individuals with a family history of schizophrenia spectrum disorders","volume":"46","author":"Yaralian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034_bb0315","article-title":"Hate crimes against Asian Americans","volume":"1\u201321","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Crim. Justice"}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996421004552?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996421004552?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:49:51Z","timestamp":1760298591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920996421004552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S0920996421004552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Race and self-reported paranoia: Increased item endorsement on subscales of the SPQ","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2021.11.034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}