{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:23:20Z","timestamp":1784035400120,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T23:18:35Z","timestamp":1655075915000},"page":"49-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impact of childhood trauma on antipsychotic effectiveness in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A prospective, pragmatic, semi-randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"246","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"M\u00f8rkved","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"Kroken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Winje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.K.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.C.","family":"Thimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Rettenbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.A. Bartz","family":"Johannesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.-M.","family":"L\u00f8berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl.22","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000292581","article-title":"Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale","author":"Addington","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb1910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2010.01.011","article-title":"Assessments of emotional abuse and neglect with the CTQ: Issues and estimates","volume":"32","author":"Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0010","series-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. A Retrospective Self-report Manual","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire","volume":"27","author":"Bernstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2014.16.4\/mcarbon","article-title":"Clinical predictors of therapeutic response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia","volume":"16","author":"Carbon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12889","article-title":"Impact of duration of untreated psychosis in short-term response to treatment and outcome in antipsychotic naive first-episode psychosis","volume":"14","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Early Interv. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0030","first-page":"51","article-title":"Second-generation antipsychotics for schizophrenia: a review of clinical pharmacology and medication-associated side effects","volume":"42","author":"Conley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Isr. J. Psychiatry Relat. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0627-y","article-title":"The relationship between childhood trauma, dopamine release and dexamphetamine-induced positive psychotic symptoms: a [11 C]-(+)-PHNO PET study","volume":"9","author":"Dahoun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000435","article-title":"Antipsychotic treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: prevalence, subtypes and predictors","volume":"47","author":"Demjaha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12052","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the childhood trauma questionnaire in high-risk groups","volume":"54","author":"Dovran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand. J. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/16.1.57","article-title":"Diagnosis of alcohol use disorders in schizophrenia","volume":"16","author":"Drake","year":"1990","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp103","article-title":"Reliability and comparability of psychosis patients' retrospective reports of childhood abuse","volume":"37","author":"Fisher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0060","series-title":"ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology: 1976","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.10.048","article-title":"The effect of lifetime adversities on resistance to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia patients","volume":"161","author":"Hassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp006","article-title":"The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia: version III\u2013the final common pathway","volume":"35","author":"Howes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30341-2","article-title":"Amisulpride, aripiprazole, and olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (BeSt InTro): a pragmatic, rater-blind, semi-randomised trial","volume":"7","author":"Johnsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113004","article-title":"The association between childhood trauma and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia spectrum disorders","volume":"289","author":"Kilian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.04.008","article-title":"What does the PANSS mean?","volume":"79","author":"Leucht","year":"2005","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.01.044","article-title":"Modification of the association between antipsychotic treatment response and childhood adversity by MMP9 gene variants in a first-episode schizophrenia cohort","volume":"262","author":"McGregor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000567","article-title":"A history of childhood trauma and response to treatment with antipsychotics in first-episode schizophrenia patients: preliminary results","volume":"204","author":"Misiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.02.015","article-title":"Toward a unified theory of childhood trauma and psychosis: a comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, neuropsychological and biological findings","volume":"75","author":"Misiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2016.1201135","article-title":"Childhood trauma in schizophrenia spectrum disorder as compared to other mental health disorders","volume":"9","author":"M\u00f8rkved","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0110","series-title":"Toolkit for Evaluating Substance Abuse in Persons With Severe Mental Illness","author":"Mueser","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.11.024","article-title":"Childhood trauma, HPA axis activity and antidepressant response in patients with depression","volume":"87","author":"Nikkheslat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0125","series-title":"Nasjonal faglig retningslinje for utredning, behandling og oppf\u00f8lging av personer med psykoselidelser","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00274","article-title":"Childhood trauma in schizophrenia: current findings and research perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Popovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12022","article-title":"The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first-episode schizophrenia","volume":"7","author":"Sahin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Early Interv. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12700","article-title":"Stability of retrospective self-reports of childhood trauma in first-episode psychosis","volume":"13","author":"Simpson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Early Interv. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005","article-title":"The structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID).1. History, rationale, and description","volume":"49","author":"Spitzer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs074","article-title":"Still searching for lost truths about the bitter sorrows of childhood","volume":"38","author":"Susser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415625814","article-title":"Childhood adversities: social support, premorbid functioning and social outcome in first-episode psychosis and a matched case-control group","volume":"50","author":"Trauelsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5310-10.2011","article-title":"Aversive stimuli alter ventral tegmental area dopamine neuron activity via a common action in the ventral hippocampus","volume":"31","author":"Valenti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn101","article-title":"Psychosocial stress and psychosis. A review of the neurobiological mechanisms and the evidence for gene-stress interaction","volume":"34","author":"Van Winkel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs050","article-title":"Childhood adversities increase the risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of patient-control, prospective- and cross-sectional cohort studies","volume":"38","author":"Varese","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.4.022007.141248","article-title":"Stress and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis in the developmental course of schizophrenia","volume":"4","author":"Walker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.61","article-title":"Childhood trauma predicts antidepressant response in adults with major depression: data from the randomized international study to predict optimized treatment for depression","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0185","series-title":"ICD-10 Classifications of Mental And Behavioural Disorder: Clinical Descriptions And Diagnostic Guidelines","year":"1992"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.06.011","article-title":"How well do patients with a first episode of schizophrenia respond to antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996422001992?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996422001992?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:47:19Z","timestamp":1760298439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920996422001992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0920996422001992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of childhood trauma on antipsychotic effectiveness in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A prospective, pragmatic, semi-randomized trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2022.05.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}