{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:25:56Z","timestamp":1789122356297,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T04:57:26Z","timestamp":1693717046000},"page":"168-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unraveling ethnic disparities in antipsychotic prescribing among patients with psychosis: A retrospective cohort study based on electronic clinical records"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Codling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Bhugra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamiko","family":"Msosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Broadbent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angus","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Harland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0005","first-page":"43","article-title":"Culture and substance abuse: impact of culture affects approach to treatment","volume":"25","author":"Abbot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Times"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-020-00833-4","article-title":"Racial, economic, and health inequality and covid-19 infection in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Abedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Racial Ethn. Health Disparities"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07161","article-title":"Race and long-acting antipsychotic prescription at a community mental health center: a retrospective chart review","volume":"73","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2020.103488","article-title":"Extraction of temporal relations from clinical free text: a systematic review of current approaches","volume":"108","author":"Alfattni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2022.02.009","article-title":"Re-examining the utility and validity of benign ethnic neutropenia: a narrative literature review","volume":"253","author":"Andreou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.5.2.89","article-title":"Ethnic and cultural factors in psychopharmacology","volume":"5","author":"Bhugra","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv. Psychiatr. Treat."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764015591492","article-title":"Colour, culture and placebo response","volume":"61","author":"Bhugra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1232-3","article-title":"Influence of socioeconomic status on antipsychotic prescriptions among youth in France","volume":"17","author":"Bonnot","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp116","article-title":"The 2009 schizophrenia port psychopharmacological treatment recommendations and summary statements","volume":"36","author":"Buchanan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.050427","article-title":"Ethnicity and quality of antipsychotic prescribing among in-patients in south London","volume":"193","author":"Connolly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107065899","article-title":"Antipsychotic prescribing quality and ethnicity\u2014a study of hospitalized patients in south east London","volume":"21","author":"Connolly","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.10.1817","article-title":"Racial disparity in the use of atypical antipsychotic medications among veterans","volume":"160","author":"Copeland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002854","article-title":"Getting more out of biomedical documents with gate\u2019s full lifecycle open source text analytics","volume":"9","author":"Cunningham","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00043-2","article-title":"Multiple correlations and Bonferroni\u2019s correction","volume":"44","author":"Curtin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2018.1434584","article-title":"Social discrimination and health care: a multidimensional framework of experiences among a low-income multiethnic sample","volume":"33","author":"D\u2019Anna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Work Publ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1035-5","article-title":"Ethnic minority inequalities in access to treatments for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Das-Munshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2006.0512.x","article-title":"Race, ethnicity, culture, and disparities in health care","volume":"21","author":"Egede","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1192\/bjb.2018.67","article-title":"Barriers to using clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Farooq","year":"2019","journal-title":"BJPsych Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12649","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parent, child, and family functioning","volume":"61","author":"Feinberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fam. Process"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000046","article-title":"Cannabis use and adherence to antipsychotic medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Foglia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.04.008","article-title":"A new conceptualization of ethnicity for social epidemiologic and health equity research","volume":"71","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20190047","article-title":"Antipsychotic polypharmacy","volume":"18","author":"Foster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Focus"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-022-02257-3","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities in clozapine use among people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a retrospective cohort study using data from electronic clinical records","volume":"57","author":"de Freitas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.577110","article-title":"Early intervention services for first episode of psychosis in South London and the Maudsley (SLaM): 20\u00a0years of care and research for young people","volume":"11","author":"Fusar-Poli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.03.018","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of antipsychotic polypharmacy: a systematic review and meta-regression of global and regional trends from the 1970s to 2009","volume":"138","author":"Gallego","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12193","article-title":"Practitioner attitudes to clozapine initiation","volume":"130","author":"Gee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302903","article-title":"Implicit racial\/ethnic bias among health care professionals and its influence on health care outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1201-9","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities and pathways to care in psychosis in England: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Halvorsrud","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-019-01758-y","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities in the incidence of diagnosis of severe mental illness in England: a systematic review and new meta-analyses for non-affective and affective psychoses","volume":"54","author":"Halvorsrud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.5093\/in2012a29","article-title":"Ethnicity, migration and the \u2018social determinants of health\u2019 agenda","volume":"21","author":"Ingleby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychosoc. Interv."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.12.2084","article-title":"Patient race\/ethnicity and quality of patient\u2013physician communication during medical visits","volume":"94","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17934","article-title":"Hybrid deep learning for medication-related information extraction from clinical texts in french: Medext algorithm development study","volume":"9","author":"Jouffroy","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Med. Inform."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0557-z","article-title":"Extracting antipsychotic polypharmacy data from electronic health records: developing and evaluating a novel process","volume":"15","author":"Kadra","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.04.010","article-title":"Predictors of long-term (6\u00a0months) antipsychotic polypharmacy prescribing in secondary mental healthcare","volume":"174","author":"Kadra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800330013001","article-title":"Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic: a double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine","volume":"45","author":"Kane","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040387","article-title":"Prescribing pattern of antipsychotic medication for first-episode psychosis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Keating","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3371\/CSRP.KEBE.070415","article-title":"Blood draw barriers for treatment with clozapine and development of a point-of-care monitoring device","volume":"12","author":"Kelly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Schizophr. Relat. Psych."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-019-0254-2","article-title":"Real-world effectiveness of long-acting injections for reducing recurrent hospitalizations in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16010103","article-title":"The epidemiology of first-episode psychosis in early intervention in psychosis services: findings from the Social Epidemiology of Psychoses in East Anglia [SEPEA] study","volume":"174","author":"Kirkbride","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.07.012","article-title":"Natural language processing systems for capturing and standardizing unstructured clinical information: a systematic review","volume":"73","author":"Kreimeyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"issue":"260","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441","article-title":"Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis","volume":"47","author":"Kruskal","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1173","article-title":"Management of psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: summary of updated nice guidance","volume":"348","author":"Kuipers","year":"2014","journal-title":"bmj"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3609","article-title":"Validation of a claims-based antipsychotic polypharmacy measure","volume":"23","author":"Leckman-Westin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.05.002","article-title":"Reasons for discontinuing clozapine: a cohort study of patients commencing treatment","volume":"174","author":"Legge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2012.04088.x","article-title":"Factors related to medication non-adherence for patients with hypertension in Taiwan","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415617657","article-title":"Royal Australian and New Zealand college of psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders","volume":"49","author":"Malhi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Austral. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2019.03.023","article-title":"Defining health and health inequalities","volume":"172","author":"McCartney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.13001","article-title":"Where next for understanding race\/ethnic inequalities in severe mental illness? Structural, interpersonal and institutional racism","volume":"42","author":"Nazroo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc. Health Illness"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-56","article-title":"Bias in odds ratios by logistic regression modelling and sample size","volume":"9","author":"Nemes","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1068\/a37168","article-title":"Measuring multiple deprivation at the small-area level","volume":"38","author":"Noble","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Plan A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.00016.x","article-title":"Compliance with antipsychotic treatment","volume":"102","author":"Oehl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.11.3.203","article-title":"Why aren\u2019t depot antipsychotics prescribed more often and what can be done about it?","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Adv. Psychiatr. Treat."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124198027002004","article-title":"Graphs, causality, and structural equation models","volume":"27","author":"Pearl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008721","article-title":"Cohort profile of the south London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre (SLaM BRC) case register: current status and recent enhancement of an Electronic Mental Health Record-derived data resource","volume":"6","author":"Perera","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.18.5.304","article-title":"British national formulary","volume":"18","author":"Prasad","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Bull."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716001835","article-title":"Minority status and mental distress: a comparison of group density effects","volume":"46","author":"Schofield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-9-51","article-title":"The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre (SLaM BRC) case register: development and descriptive data","volume":"9","author":"Stewart","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-402","article-title":"Unravelling the impact of ethnicity on health in Europe: the Helius study","volume":"13","author":"Stronks","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12222","article-title":"Retrospective chart review on exposure to psychotropic medications associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome","volume":"130","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.28.7.241","article-title":"Prescribing of clozapine and olanzapine: dosage, polypharmacy and patient ethnicity","volume":"28","author":"Taylor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.06.005","article-title":"The impact of ethnic density on dispensing of antipsychotic and antidepressant medication among immigrants in the Netherlands","volume":"211","author":"Termorshuizen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045813","article-title":"Evaluating access to health and care services during lockdown by the covid-19 survey in five UK national longitudinal studies","volume":"11","author":"Topriceanu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym085","article-title":"Discrimination and the incidence of psychotic disorders among ethnic minorities in the Netherlands","volume":"36","author":"Veling","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.05.006","article-title":"Gender disparities in clozapine prescription in a cohort of treatmentresistant schizophrenia in the South London and Maudsley case register","volume":"232","author":"Wesley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbm137","article-title":"Use of depot antipsychotic medications for medication nonadherence in schizophrenia","volume":"34","author":"West","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1300\/J251v04n01_02","article-title":"The role of ethnicity in substance abuse","volume":"4","author":"Westermeyer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adv. Alcohol Subst. Abuse"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-008-9185-0","article-title":"Discrimination and racial disparities in health: evidence and needed research","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2020.07.023","article-title":"Systematic review of racial disparities in clozapine prescribing","volume":"224","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092099642300292X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S092099642300292X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:54:40Z","timestamp":1760298880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S092099642300292X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S092099642300292X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unraveling ethnic disparities in antipsychotic prescribing among patients with psychosis: A retrospective cohort study based on electronic clinical records","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2023.08.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}