{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T20:20:29Z","timestamp":1757622029980,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004773","name":"Henan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T18:01:06Z","timestamp":1729879266000},"page":"345-351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bidirectional Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationships between schizophrenia and narcolepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"274","author":[{"given":"Chaofan","family":"Geng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01890-8","article-title":"Comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients with narcolepsy","volume":"24","author":"Alasim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01807-5","article-title":"Medical specialty visits and diagnoses received by Saudi patients prior to a diagnosis of narcolepsy","volume":"23","author":"Almeneessier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01159-y","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric correlates of narcolepsy","volume":"22","author":"BaHammam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2755","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000010737","article-title":"Depression and suicidal thoughts in untreated and treated narcolepsy: systematic analysis","volume":"95","author":"Barateau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0226-9","article-title":"Narcolepsy - clinical spectrum, aetiopathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"15","author":"Bassetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0030","article-title":"Bipolar disorder","volume":"175(7):ITC97-ITC112","author":"Bauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2461","article-title":"Human hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone levels are linked to emotion and social interaction","volume":"4","author":"Blouin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx192","article-title":"Misconceptions on the use of MR-egger regression and the evaluation of the InSIDE assumption","volume":"46","author":"Bowden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965","article-title":"Consistent estimation in Mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator","volume":"40","author":"Bowden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3406","article-title":"An atlas of genetic correlations across human diseases and traits","volume":"47","author":"Bulik-Sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3211","article-title":"LD score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies","volume":"47","author":"Bulik-Sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0276-5","article-title":"Erratum to: interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method","volume":"32","author":"Burgess","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr036","article-title":"Avoiding bias from weak instruments in Mendelian randomization studies","volume":"40","author":"Burgess","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21758","article-title":"Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple genetic variants using summarized data","volume":"37","author":"Burgess","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.89","article-title":"Use of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder polygenic risk scores to identify psychotic disorders","volume":"213","author":"Calafato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9032","article-title":"Different positron emission tomography findings in schizophrenia and narcolepsy type 1 in adolescents and young adults: a preliminary study","volume":"17","author":"Chin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2021.1076","article-title":"The relationship between sleep and depression and bipolar disorder in children and young people","volume":"8","author":"Comsa","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJPsych Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.587876","article-title":"Bidirectional causal associations between inflammatory bowel disease and ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Douglass AB, Hays P, Pazderka F, Russell JM. Florid refractory schizophrenias that turn out to be treatable variants of HLA-associated narcolepsy. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1991;179(1):12\u201317; discussion 18.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199101000-00003"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17219","article-title":"Mendelian Randomization","volume":"318","author":"Emdin","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109929","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis-related genes and cognition in major mood disorders and schizophrenia: a systematic review","volume":"101","author":"Ferrer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.3.335","article-title":"High prevalence of eating disorders in narcolepsy with cataplexy: a case-control study","volume":"31","author":"Fortuyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.01.013","article-title":"Narcolepsy and psychiatry: an evolving association of increasing interest","volume":"12","author":"Fortuyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.158","article-title":"Effects of suvorexant, a dual orexin\/hypocretin receptor antagonist, on impulsive behavior associated with cocaine","volume":"43","author":"Gentile","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.805","article-title":"Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis S. Insulin sensitivity and the risk of incident hypertension: insights from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study","volume":"26","author":"Goff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2926","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6522","article-title":"Detecting pleiotropy in Mendelian randomisation studies with summary data and a continuous outcome","volume":"34","author":"Greco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13300","article-title":"Narcolepsy and psychosis: a systematic review","volume":"144","author":"Hanin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796019000891","article-title":"Trends in the incidence and DALYs of schizophrenia at the global, regional and national levels: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"29","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Psychiatr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0145","first-page":"7","article-title":"The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome","author":"Hemani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.09.018","article-title":"Narcolepsy-cataplexy and schizophrenia in adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.7.821","article-title":"Comparison of evidence of treatment effects in randomized and nonrandomized studies","volume":"286","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1063110","article-title":"Causal association between systemic lupus erythematosus and the risk of dementia: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2023.111517","article-title":"Causal relationship between narcolepsy and depression: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"175","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0b013e3181f66ac0","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy associated with narcolepsy","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology","volume":"27","author":"Lawlor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-020-09443-7","article-title":"Prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms in patients with narcolepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0185","article-title":"The immunopathogenesis of narcolepsy type 1","author":"Liblau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3431","article-title":"Contrasting genetic architectures of schizophrenia and other complex diseases using fast variance-components analysis","volume":"47","author":"Loh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.687279","article-title":"Causal associations of urate with cardiovascular risk factors: two-sample Mendelian randomization","volume":"12","author":"Lukkunaprasit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0097-x","article-title":"The neurobiological basis of narcolepsy","volume":"20","author":"Mahoney","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-019-0361-2","article-title":"Mendelian randomisation analyses find pulmonary factors mediate the effect of height on coronary artery disease","volume":"2","author":"Marouli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Commun Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30204-6","article-title":"Insomnia, parasomnias, and narcolepsy in children: clinical features, diagnosis, and management","volume":"15","author":"Maski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01616-5","article-title":"Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia - ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals","volume":"27","author":"McWhinney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6665","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO03574F","article-title":"Are micronutrient levels and supplements causally associated with the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease? A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"13","author":"Meng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.02.040","article-title":"Metabolic profile in patients with narcolepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2008.04.007","article-title":"Narcolepsy in childhood","volume":"13","author":"Nevsimalova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu300","article-title":"IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies","volume":"32","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.002","article-title":"Narcolepsy is complicated by high medical and psychiatric comorbidities: a comparison with the general population","volume":"14","author":"Ohayon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0245","article-title":"Causal relationship between schizophrenia and sex hormone binding globulin: a Mendelian randomization study","author":"Ou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.115.179655","article-title":"Relationship between childhood adversity and bipolar affective disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"209","author":"Palmier-Claus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0255","article-title":"Long-term cortisol secretion in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: roles of sex, comorbidity, and symptom presentation","author":"Pauli-Pott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0433-9","article-title":"The hypocretin system and psychiatric disorders","volume":"16","author":"Pizza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.013","article-title":"The neural diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia revisited: an update on recent findings considering illness stage and neurobiological and methodological complexities","volume":"73","author":"Pruessner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S278046","article-title":"Recognizing the symptom spectrum of narcolepsy to improve timely diagnosis: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Quaedackers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-020-01190-3","article-title":"The relationship between cortisol reactivity and emotional brain function is differently moderated by childhood trauma, in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and healthy individuals","volume":"271","author":"Quide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10262","article-title":"High rates of psychiatric comorbidity in narcolepsy: findings from the Burden of Narcolepsy Disease (BOND) study of 9,312 patients in the United States","volume":"78","author":"Ruoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5434","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.9133","article-title":"Testing and correcting for weak and pleiotropic instruments in two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization","volume":"40","author":"Sanderson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0859-9","article-title":"Exploring the presence of narcolepsy in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"16","author":"Sansa","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.08.015","article-title":"Biomarkers and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"51","author":"Scassellati","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7510","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13595","article-title":"Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci","volume":"511","author":"Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics C","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0305","article-title":"Case report: cases of narcolepsy misdiagnosed as other psychiatric disorders","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00501","article-title":"Sleep disturbance in bipolar disorder: neuroglia and circadian rhythms","volume":"10","author":"Steardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13383","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in narcolepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Tadrous","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7","article-title":"Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases","volume":"50","author":"Verbanck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996424004523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996424004523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T16:43:13Z","timestamp":1757349793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920996424004523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0920996424004523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0920-9964"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bidirectional Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationships between schizophrenia and narcolepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2024.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}