{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:49:06Z","timestamp":1791895746995,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008358","name":"Brain Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HA2017.01.04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HA2017.01.04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008358","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:23:46Z","timestamp":1790709826000},"page":"651-658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exploring treatment moderators in a randomized clinical trial of virtual reality-based vs. standard cognitive behavioral therapy for paranoia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"Dawid","family":"Kruk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise C.D.","family":"van der Stouwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Berkhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Veling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris N.W.","family":"Geraets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr171","article-title":"Comparing retrospective reports to real-time\/real-place mobile assessments in individuals with schizophrenia and a nonclinical comparison group","volume":"38","author":"Ben-Zeev","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13713","article-title":"Exploring the role of clinical and demographic characteristics on the effects of virtual reality cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis: A moderator analysis","volume":"151","author":"Berkhof","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"sbag068","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbag068","article-title":"Tracking symptom change across therapy sessions in virtual reality cognitive behavioral therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy for paranoid ideation: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"52","author":"Berkhof","year":"2026","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20577","article-title":"Psychological interventions to reduce positive symptoms in schizophrenia: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Bighelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291726103870","article-title":"Treatment effect modifiers of virtual reality-based versus standard cognitive behavioral therapy for paranoia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: an exploratory moderator analysis of clinical and demographic characteristics in the FaceYourFears trial","volume":"56","author":"Christensen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.04.006","article-title":"Maximizing exposure therapy: an inhibitory learning approach","volume":"58","author":"Craske","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.040","article-title":"Metamemory in schizophrenia: retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits","volume":"225","author":"Eifler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00066-3","article-title":"Persecutory delusions: a cognitive perspective on understanding and treatment","volume":"3","author":"Freeman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170100455X","article-title":"Persecutory delusions: developing the understanding of belief maintenance and emotional distress","volume":"31","author":"Freeman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3198-6","article-title":"Automated psychological therapy using virtual reality (VR) for patients with persecutory delusions: study protocol for a single-blind parallel-group randomised controlled trial (THRIVE)","volume":"20","author":"Freeman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00060-8","article-title":"Automated virtual reality therapy to treat agoraphobic avoidance and distress in patients with psychosis (gameChange): a multicentre, parallel-group, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial in England with mediation and moderation analyses","volume":"9","author":"Freeman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4373","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291722001167","article-title":"Virtual reality (VR) therapy for patients with psychosis: satisfaction and side effects","volume":"53","author":"Freeman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01604","article-title":"Are modern head-mounted displays sexist? A systematic review on gender differences in HMD-mediated virtual reality","volume":"11","author":"Grassini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001638","article-title":"Measuring ideas of persecution and social reference: the Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale (GPTS)","volume":"38","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0095","series-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03880-8","article-title":"Virtual reality-based versus standard cognitive behavioral therapy for paranoia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0105","first-page":"CD008712","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy plus standard care versus standard care plus other psychosocial treatments for people with schizophrenia","volume":"11","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-023-00442-2","article-title":"Implementation of virtual reality in healthcare: a scoping review on the implementation process of virtual reality in various healthcare settings","volume":"4","author":"Kouijzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Implement. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83453","DOI":"10.2196\/83453","article-title":"Virtual reality implementation in mental health care is a marathon, not a sprint: qualitative longitudinal study of a virtual reality training program","volume":"13","author":"Kouijzer","year":"2026","journal-title":"JMIR Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)10031-6","article-title":"Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety","volume":"36","author":"Mattick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2017.1295098","article-title":"A manualised treatment protocol to guide delivery of evidence-based cognitive therapy for people with distressing psychosis: learning from clinical trials","volume":"9","author":"Morrison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12498","article-title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis: the end of the line or time for a new approach?","volume":"97","author":"Newman-Taylor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol. Psychother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2010.01596.x","article-title":"Experience sampling research in individuals with mental illness: reflections and guidance","volume":"123","author":"Palmier-Claus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30053-1","article-title":"Virtual-reality-based cognitive behavioral therapy versus waiting list control for paranoid ideation and social avoidance in patients with psychotic disorders: A single-blind randomised controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Pot-Kolder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-025-00350-3","article-title":"Virtual reality for the treatment of positive symptoms of psychosis: a meta-analysis of trials","volume":"12","author":"Spark","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaa045","article-title":"What constitutes sufficient evidence for case formulation-driven CBT for psychosis? Cumulative meta-analysis of the effect on hallucinations and delusions","volume":"46","author":"Turner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00402","article-title":"Efficacy and moderators of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis versus other psychological interventions: an individual-participant data meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Turner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0075","series-title":"Protocollaire Behandelingen Voor Volwassenen Met Psychische Klachten","article-title":"Protocollaire behandeling van pati\u00ebnten met een parano\u00efde waan \u2014 cognitieve gedragstherapie","author":"van der Gaag","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0080","series-title":"Gedachten Uitpluizen: Cognitief Gedragstherapeutische Protocollen Bij Psychotische Klachten","author":"van der Gaag","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e188","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291725100949","article-title":"Virtual-reality cognitive behavior therapy versus cognitive behavior therapy for paranoid ideation: A pragmatic, single-blind, multicenter randomized clinical superiority trial","volume":"55","author":"van der Stouwe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/NCFR5074","article-title":"Treatment effect modifiers of cognitive behaviour therapy in people with psychosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis of RCTs","volume":"29","author":"Varese","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Technol. Assess."}],"container-title":["Schizophrenia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996426003063?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920996426003063?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:05:08Z","timestamp":1791893108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920996426003063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0920996426003063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exploring treatment moderators in a randomized clinical trial of virtual reality-based vs. standard cognitive behavioral therapy for paranoia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Schizophrenia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2026.09.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}