{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T14:44:17Z","timestamp":1792421057589,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22578449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22578449"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Bulletin"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:54:10Z","timestamp":1789516450000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High-energy hydrogen radical bullet penetrates barriers for urea electrosynthesis"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Yimeng","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44131-z","article-title":"Sequential co-reduction of nitrate and carbon dioxide enables selective urea electrosynthesis","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-021-00741-3","article-title":"Selective electrocatalytic synthesis of urea with nitrate and carbon dioxide","volume":"4","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Sustain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-025-01914-3","article-title":"Electrosynthesis of pure urea from pretreated flue gas in a proton-limited environment established in a porous solid-state electrolyte electrolyser","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202521629","article-title":"Ampere-level membrane-free bipolar ammonia electrosynthesis with Faradaic efficiency exceeding 100% on a surface-reconstructed NiFe-hydroxide","volume":"65","author":"Cai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-024-01302-0","article-title":"Pulsed co-electrolysis of carbon dioxide and nitrate for sustainable urea synthesis","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Sustain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0030","article-title":"Ambient urea synthesis via electrocatalytic C\u2013N coupling","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater Today Catal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.5c00584","article-title":"Precise engineering of multimetal sites in metal-organic frameworks for efficient and selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C2 and urea products","volume":"58","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-020-0481-9","article-title":"Coupling N2 and CO2 in H2O to synthesize urea under ambient conditions","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10910","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202101275","article-title":"Unveiling electrochemical urea synthesis by co-activation of CO2 and N2 with Mott-Schottky heterostructure catalysts","volume":"60","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6605","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE02485J","article-title":"Highly selective electroreduction of N2 and CO2 to urea over artificial frustrated Lewis pairs","volume":"14","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0055","article-title":"Efficient C\u2212N coupling in the direct synthesis of urea from CO2 and N2 by amorphous SbxBi1-xOy clusters","volume":"120","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202503375","article-title":"Enhancing *CO and *N\u2261N orbital coupling via tuned Mn d\u2013p hybridization at MnO\/Mn7C3 interfaces for highly selective urea electrosynthesis","volume":"15","author":"Ge","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Energy Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68497-y","article-title":"Selective electrosynthesis of urea from nitrate and carbon dioxide with low overpotential","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-026-02209-x","article-title":"A high-energy hydrogen radical initiates efficient electrosynthesis of urea from CO2 and N2","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5227","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00379","article-title":"Ionic liquids in metal, photo-, electro-, and (bio) catalysis","volume":"124","author":"Dupont","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem Rev"}],"container-title":["Science Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095927326011035?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095927326011035?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T14:28:28Z","timestamp":1792420108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2095927326011035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["S2095927326011035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-9273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-9273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High-energy hydrogen radical bullet penetrates barriers for urea electrosynthesis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science Bulletin","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scib.2026.09.045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science China Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}