{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:11:34Z","timestamp":1791155494602,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,15]],"date-time":"2010-10-15T04:26:06Z","timestamp":1287116766000},"page":"150-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of complex hydrodynamic processes on the horizontal and vertical distribution of Tc-99 in the Irish Sea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"409","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka I.","family":"Olbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hartnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Dabrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0265-931X(93)90036-7","article-title":"A 2D 4-phases marine dispersion model for nonconservative radionuclides. Part 2: applications","volume":"20","author":"Abril","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0010","series-title":"The north-west European shelf seas: the sea bed and the sea in motion. II. Physical and chemical oceanography and physical resources","first-page":"391","article-title":"Physical and dynamical oceanography of the Irish Sea","author":"Bowden","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7836(94)00332-Q","article-title":"Variability in Northwest Irish Sea Nephrops","volume":"23","author":"Briggs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-4343(94)00063-S","article-title":"Observations on the transverse structure and dynamics of the low frequency flow through the North Channel of the Irish Sea","volume":"15","author":"Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-4343(03)00008-6","article-title":"Observations of the physical structure and seasonal jet-like circulation of the Celtic Sea and St. George's Channel of the Irish Sea","volume":"23","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0030","series-title":"Environmental Tech Note RL7\/98","article-title":"MIRMAID: the MAFF Irish Sea model","author":"Cefas","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0035","series-title":"Cefas Environmental Report RL09\/08","article-title":"An assessment of the availability of Tc-99 to marine foodstuffs from contaminated sediments","author":"Cefas","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0040","series-title":"RPII 08\/01","article-title":"Radiation doses received by the Irish population","author":"Colgan","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2003.06.001","article-title":"Seasonal variations in activity concentrations of 99Tc and 137Cs in the edible meat fraction of crabs and lobsters from the central Irish Sea","volume":"73","author":"Copplestone","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0050","unstructured":"Dabrowski T. A flushing study analysis of selected Irish waterbodies. PhD. Thesis, Civil Engineering Department, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; 2005. p. 411."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2008.03.014","article-title":"Modelling travel and residence time in the eastern Irish Sea","volume":"57","author":"Dabrowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2009.11.018","article-title":"Influence of seasonal circulation on flushing of the Irish Sea","volume":"60","author":"Dabrowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"issue":"C2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0065","first-page":"353","article-title":"Technetium-99 and ceasium-137 time series at the Norwegian coast monitored by the brown algae Fucus vesiculosus","volume":"32","author":"Dahlgaard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radioprotection-Colloques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1997.tb06100.x","article-title":"Does the western Irish Sea gyre influence the distribution of pelagic juvenile fish?","volume":"51","author":"Dickey-Collas","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Fish Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2419.2005.00327.x","article-title":"The effect of vertical migration strategy on retention and dispersion in the Irish Sea during spring\u2013summer","volume":"14","author":"Emsley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fish Oceanogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0085","series-title":"RPII 08\/02","article-title":"Radioactivity monitoring of the Irish environment 2007","author":"Fegan","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0090","unstructured":"Gaffney SP. Use of satellite imaginary to assess trends in water clarity in the Irish Sea. PhD Thesis, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; 2001. p. 205."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2010.02.013","article-title":"Modelling radioactivity in the Irish Sea: from discharge to dose","volume":"101","author":"Gleizon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/15\/2\/001","article-title":"Discharges to the environment from the Sellafield site, 1951\u20131992","volume":"15","author":"Gray","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0105","series-title":"Modeling radioactivity in the environment","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-4860(03)80059-1","article-title":"The application of hydrodynamic circulation models for simulating oceanic dispersion of radioactivity","author":"Harms","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0110","first-page":"357","article-title":"The western Irish Sea gyre: a retention system for Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus)","volume":"19","author":"Hill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oceanol Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7714(97)80010-8","article-title":"A summer gyre in the western Irish Sea: shelf sea paradigms and management implications","volume":"44","author":"Hill","year":"1997","journal-title":"Estuar Coast Shelf Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6611(99)00054-3","article-title":"Seasonal evolution of the cold pool gyre in the western Irish Sea","volume":"46","author":"Horsburgh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog Oceanogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0125","first-page":"11","article-title":"Currents in the eastern Irish Sea","volume":"22","author":"Howarth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Oceanogr Mar Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032218","article-title":"Recent changes in liquid radioactive waste discharges from Sellafield to the Irish Sea: monitoring of the environmental consequences and radiological implications","volume":"75","author":"Hunt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0135","series-title":"A primer for ECOMSED, version 1.3 users manual","author":"HydroQual Inc","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2004.01.026","article-title":"The dispersion of 99Tc in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean: a comparison of model results and observations","volume":"74","author":"Karcher","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(99)00129-1","article-title":"Continuing contamination of north Atlantic and Arctic waters by Sellafield radionuclides","volume":"137\/238","author":"Kershaw","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2003.08.003","article-title":"Variability in the supply, distribution and transport of the transient tracer Tc-99 in the NE Atlantic","volume":"44","author":"Kershaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Mar Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-4343(98)00110-1","article-title":"The flow through the North Channel of the Irish Sea","volume":"19","author":"Knight","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0160","series-title":"Table and isotopes","author":"Lederer","year":"1967"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(96)00185-3","article-title":"Distribution of Technetium-99 in UK coastal waters","volume":"34","author":"Leonard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2003.09.023","article-title":"Accumulation of Technetium-99 in the Irish Sea?","volume":"322","author":"Leonard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032242","article-title":"An overview of the Irish marine monitoring programme","volume":"75","author":"Long","year":"1998","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0180","series-title":"RPII 98\/2","article-title":"Radioactivity monitoring of the Irish marine environment, 1996 and 1997","author":"Long","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(97)00044-1","article-title":"The influence of mixing timescales and re-dissolution processes on the distribution of radionuclides in the northeast Irish Sea sediments","volume":"39","author":"MacKenzie","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2006.04.012","article-title":"Manmade and natural radionuclides in north east Atlantic shelf and slope sediments: Implications for rates of sedimentary processes and for contaminant dispersion","volume":"369","author":"MacKenzie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-7963(95)00016-I","article-title":"Times series for sea-water and seaweed of 99Tc and 125Sb originating from releases at La Hague","volume":"6","author":"Masson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mar Sys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-4343(02)00021-3","article-title":"Further studies of the distribution of technetium-99 and caesium-137 in UK and European coastal waters","volume":"22","author":"McCubbin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2005.12.010","article-title":"Distribution of technetium-99 in sub-tidal sediments of the Irish Sea","volume":"26","author":"McCubbin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0210","series-title":"Users guide for a 3-dimensional, primitive equation, numerical ocean model","author":"Mellor","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1029\/RG020i004p00851","article-title":"Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems","volume":"20","author":"Mellor","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rev Geophys Space Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0220","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Hydraulic Modelling of Coast Estuary and River Waters","first-page":"111","article-title":"Tidal exchange mechanism in enclosed regions","author":"Murakami","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2003.09.005","article-title":"Modelling 99Tc concentrations in Fucus vesiculosus from the north-east Irish Sea","volume":"77","author":"Nowakowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.04.053","article-title":"Assessment of Tc-99 monitoring within the western Irish Sea using a numerical model","volume":"408","author":"Olbert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.05.014","article-title":"Detection of technetium-99 in Ascophyllum nodosum from around the Welsh coast","volume":"65","author":"Oliver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(03)00002-X","article-title":"A model for the bioaccumulation of Tc-99 in lobster (Homarus gammarus) from the West Cumbrian coast","volume":"67","author":"Olsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2006.10.009","article-title":"A reassessment of the dispersion properties of Tc-99 in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea","volume":"68","author":"Orre","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mar Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0250","series-title":"Radioactivity monitoring of the Irish marine environment, 1993\u20131995","author":"Pollard","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0255","series-title":"RIFE 3, Food Standards Agency and SEPA, London and Stirling, UK","first-page":"162","article-title":"Radioactivity in food and the environment, 1997","author":"RIFE","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0260","series-title":"RIFE 5, Food Standards Agency and SEPA, London and Stirling, UK","first-page":"176","article-title":"Radioactivity in food and the environment, 1999","author":"RIFE","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0265","series-title":"RIFE 10. Environment Agency, Environment and Heritage Service, Food Standards Agency and SEPA, Preston, Belfast, London and Stirling, UK","first-page":"252","article-title":"Radioactivity in food and the environment, 2004","author":"RIFE","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0270","series-title":"RPII 00\/1","article-title":"Radioactivity monitoring of the Irish marine environment, 1998 and 1999","author":"Ryan","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00430-7","article-title":"Reconstructing historical radionuclide concentrations along the east coast of Ireland using a compartmental model","volume":"254","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(00)00209-5","article-title":"Technetium-99 in the Irish marine environment","volume":"56","author":"Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1051\/radiopro\/20095080","article-title":"The dose to Irish seafood consumers from Technetium-99","volume":"44","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radioprotection"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-4343(84)90014-1","article-title":"Fundamental concepts of exchange and transport time scales in a coastal sea","volume":"3","author":"Takeoka","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2003.09.003","article-title":"Development and application of a three-dimensional baroclinic model to the study of the seasonal circulation in the Celtic Sea","volume":"24","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cont Shelf Res"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969710009782?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969710009782?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T18:41:01Z","timestamp":1758652861000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969710009782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0048969710009782"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of complex hydrodynamic processes on the horizontal and vertical distribution of Tc-99 in the Irish Sea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.09.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}