{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:23:11Z","timestamp":1791310991380,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/38418\/2007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/38418\/2007"]}]},{"name":"Territorial Cooperation Program INTERREG IV B","award":["SOE3\/P2\/F591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SOE3\/P2\/F591"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T04:17:15Z","timestamp":1385871435000},"page":"463-480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The prediction of PAHs bioavailability in soils using chemical methods: State of the art and future challenges"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"472","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3377-9300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Cachada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3019-8471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. Ferreira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4868-4099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.C.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1897\/04-564R.1","article-title":"Physicochemical characterization of coke-plant soil for the assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon availability and the feasibility of phytoremediation","volume":"24","author":"Ahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4259","DOI":"10.1021\/es001069+","article-title":"Aging, bioavailability, and overestimation of risk from environmental pollutants","volume":"34","author":"Alexander","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1021\/es991120d","article-title":"Bioavailability of genotoxic compounds in soils","volume":"34","author":"Alexander","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2006.01.026","article-title":"Prediction of mono- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in spiked soils using cyclodextrin extraction","volume":"144","author":"Allan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.08.025","article-title":"Structural effects of the bioavailable fraction of pesticides in soil: suitability of elutriate testing","volume":"184","author":"Antunes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.12.015","article-title":"Passive samplers versus surfactant extraction for the evaluation of PAH availability in sediments with variable levels of contamination","volume":"71","author":"Barthe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2006.03.052","article-title":"Comparison of techniques for estimating PAH bioavailability: uptake in Eisenia fetida, passive samplers and leaching using various solvents and additives","volume":"145","author":"Bergknut","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.12.021","article-title":"Applicability of non-exhaustive extraction procedures with Tenax and HPCD","volume":"261","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.01.005","article-title":"Supercritical fluid extraction of persistent organic pollutants from natural and artificial soils and comparison with bioaccumulation in earthworms","volume":"176","author":"Bielsk\u00e1","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00455-7","article-title":"Physicochemical soil parameters affecting sequestration and mycobacterial biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"52","author":"Bogan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1897\/04-150R.1","article-title":"Effect of volatile hydrocarbon fractions on mobility and earthworm uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soils and soil\/lampblack mixtures","volume":"24","author":"Bogan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2007.02.007","article-title":"Estimation of PAH bioavailability to Lepidium sativum using sequential supercritical fluid extraction \u2014 a case study with industrial contaminated soils","volume":"43","author":"Bogolte","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Soil Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1897\/03-162","article-title":"Indices for bioavailability and biotransformation potential of contaminants in soils","volume":"23","author":"Braida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.11.066","article-title":"Possibilities of implementation of bioavailability methods for organic contaminants in the Dutch soil quality assessment framework","volume":"261","author":"Brand","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.02.023","article-title":"1H NMR metabolomics of earthworm exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of phenanthrene in soil","volume":"158","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5387","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.12.5387-5392.2000","article-title":"Uptake and active efflux of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Pseudomonas fluorescens LP6a","volume":"66","author":"Bugg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.04.075","article-title":"Levels, sources and potential human health risks of organic pollutants in urban soils","volume":"430","author":"Cachada","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.08.026","article-title":"The status of soil contamination by semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) in China: a review","volume":"389","author":"Cai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8448","DOI":"10.1021\/es050023j","article-title":"Application of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to predict bioremediation efficacy of long-term composting of PAH-contaminated soil","volume":"39","author":"Cajthaml","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3605","DOI":"10.1021\/es9902874","article-title":"Effect of concentration on sequestration and bioavailability of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","volume":"33","author":"Chung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.07.057","article-title":"Lability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the rhizosphere","volume":"70","author":"Cofield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.09.013","article-title":"Methods to assess bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants: principles, operations, and limitations","volume":"172","author":"Cui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1021\/es991132z","article-title":"Rapid persulfate oxidation predicts PAH bioavailability in soils and sediments","volume":"34","author":"Cuypers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.03.060","article-title":"Influence of the bioaccessible fraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the ecotoxicity of historically contaminated soils","volume":"254\u2013255","author":"\u010cvan\u010darov\u00e1","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8858","DOI":"10.1021\/es0507463","article-title":"Linking catabolism to cyclodextrin extractability: determination of the microbial availability of PAHs in soil","volume":"39","author":"Doick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.10.054","article-title":"Further validation of the HPCD-technique for the evaluation of PAH microbial availability in soil","volume":"144","author":"Doick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.08.063","article-title":"Linking organic pollutant (bio)availability with geosorbent properties and biomimetic methodology: a review of geosorbent characterisation and (bio)availability prediction","volume":"141","author":"Ehlers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295A","DOI":"10.1021\/es032524f","article-title":"Peer reviewed: contaminant bioavailability in soil and sediment","volume":"37","author":"Ehlers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6190","DOI":"10.1021\/es900662d","article-title":"Uptake pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in white clover","volume":"43","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1021\/es902215p","article-title":"Particle-scale measurement of PAH aqueous equilibrium partitioning in impacted sediments","volume":"44","author":"Ghosh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.07.012","article-title":"Relative proportions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons differ between accumulation bioassays and chemical methods to predict bioavailability","volume":"158","author":"Gomez-Eyles","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1021\/es203499m","article-title":"Passive samplers provide a better prediction of PAH bioaccumulation in earthworms and plant roots than exhaustive, mild solvent, and cyclodextrin extractions","volume":"46","author":"Gomez-Eyles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1021\/es971093w","article-title":"Bioavailability of mixtures of PAHs partitioned into the micellar phase of a nonionic surfactant","volume":"32","author":"Guha","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1021\/es960317s","article-title":"Quantification of the dilute sedimentary soot phase: implications for PAH speciation and bioavailability","volume":"31","author":"Gustafsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.03.137","article-title":"Biodegradation aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): a review","volume":"169","author":"Haritash","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4103","DOI":"10.1021\/es001178o","article-title":"Correlating selective supercritical fluid extraction with bioremediation behavior of PAHs in a field treatment plot","volume":"34","author":"Hawthorne","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4577","DOI":"10.1021\/es010771i","article-title":"PAH release during water desorption, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, and field bioremediation","volume":"35","author":"Hawthorne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4795","DOI":"10.1021\/es020626k","article-title":"Comparing PAH availability from manufactured gas plant soils and sediments with chemical and biological tests. 1. PAH release during water desorption and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction","volume":"36","author":"Hawthorne","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.03.010","article-title":"Towards a more appropriate water based extraction for the assessment of organic contaminant availability","volume":"138","author":"Hickman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.04.022","article-title":"Assessing biodegradation potential of PAHs in complex multi-contaminant matrices","volume":"156","author":"Hickman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620190424","article-title":"Toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) using spiked soil","volume":"19","author":"Jager","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0205","first-page":"767","article-title":"Availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to earthworms (Eisenia andrei, Oligochaeta) in field-polluted soils and soil-sediment mixtures","volume":"22","author":"Jager","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3293","DOI":"10.1021\/es060008u","article-title":"Biodegradation, bioaccessibility, and genotoxicity of diffuse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution at a motorway site","volume":"40","author":"Johnsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(02)00081-0","article-title":"Temporal changes in earthworm availability and extractability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"34","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soil Biol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7472","DOI":"10.1021\/es070404s","article-title":"Predicting PAH bioaccumulation and toxicity in earthworms exposed to manufactured gas plant soils with solid-phase microextraction","volume":"41","author":"Jonker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/10889860500276524","article-title":"Predicting the efficacy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioremediation in creosote-contaminated soil using bioavailability assays","volume":"9","author":"Juhasz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biorem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620160327","article-title":"Declining bioavailability and inappropriate estimation of risk of persistent compounds","volume":"16","author":"Kelsey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1021\/es960354j","article-title":"Selective chemical extractants to predict bioavailability of soil-aged organic chemicals","volume":"31","author":"Kelsey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-010-9517-2","article-title":"Assessment of pyrene bioavailability in soil by mild hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin extraction","volume":"60","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3931","DOI":"10.1021\/es010081e","article-title":"Biomimetic extraction of PAHs and PCBs from soil with octadecyl-modified silica disks to predict their availability to earthworms","volume":"35","author":"Krauss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4335","DOI":"10.1021\/es001137s","article-title":"Availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to earthworms in urban soils","volume":"34","author":"Krauss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1897\/06-608R.1","article-title":"Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction as a predictor of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioaccumulation and toxicity by earthworms in manufactured-gas plant site soils","volume":"26","author":"Kreitinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2003.08.014","article-title":"The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms","volume":"57","author":"Lanno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.03.011","article-title":"Beyond contaminated land assessment: on costs and benefits of bioaccessibility prediction","volume":"35","author":"Latawiec","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.01.019","article-title":"Environmentally friendly assessment of organic compound bioaccessibility using sub-critical water","volume":"156","author":"Latawiec","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1897\/04-247R.1","article-title":"Bench-scale evaluation of in situ bioremediation strategies for soil at a former manufactured gas plant site","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/15320380601079665","article-title":"Desorption of pyrene from freshly-amended and aged soils and its relationship to bioaccumulation in earthworms","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soil Sediment Contam Int J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1021\/es902283x","article-title":"Using a novel petroselinic acid embedded cellulose acetate membrane to mimic plant partitioning and in vivo uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2009.08.003","article-title":"Impact of low-molecular-weight organic acids on the availability of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil","volume":"41","author":"Ling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soil Biol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00165-5","article-title":"Butanol extraction to predict bioavailability of PAHs in soil","volume":"46","author":"Liste","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0305","series-title":"Ecological risk assessment of contaminated land","first-page":"19","article-title":"Sorption and ageing of soil contamination","author":"Loibner","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620170913","article-title":"Bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by earthworms: Assessment of equilibrium partitioning theory in in situ studies and water experiments","volume":"17","author":"Ma","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(03)00238-4","article-title":"Sequential extraction of low concentrations of pyrene and formation of non-extractable residues in sterile and non-sterile soils","volume":"35","author":"Macleod","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soil Biol Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.1021\/es980165w","article-title":"Comparison of methods used to determine the availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine sediment","volume":"32","author":"MacRae","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184A","DOI":"10.1021\/es032433i","article-title":"Peer reviewed: equilibrium sampling devices","volume":"37","author":"Mayer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1039\/b700720e","article-title":"Prediction of PAH biodegradation in field contaminated soils using a cyclodextrin extraction technique","volume":"9","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Environ Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2006.0467","article-title":"Prediction of microbial accessibility of carbon-14-phenanthrene in soil in the presence of pyrene or benzo[a]pyrene using an aqueous cyclodextrin extraction technique","volume":"36","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Environ Qual"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.11.003","article-title":"Accumulation of weathered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by plant and earthworm species","volume":"64","author":"Parrish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2004.10.023","article-title":"Non-exhaustive extraction techniques (NEETs) for the prediction of naphthalene mineralisation in soil","volume":"241","author":"Patterson","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1897\/05-458R.1","article-title":"Two complementary sides of bioavailability: accessibility and chemical activity of organic contaminants in sediments and soils","volume":"25","author":"Reichenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(99)00206-7","article-title":"Bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants in soils and sediments\u2014a perspective on mechanisms, consequences and assessment","volume":"108","author":"Reid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3174","DOI":"10.1021\/es990946c","article-title":"Nonexhaustive cyclodextrin-based extraction technique for the evaluation of PAH bioavailability","volume":"34","author":"Reid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1021\/es071451n","article-title":"Impact of black carbon in the extraction and mineralization of phenanthrene in soil","volume":"42","author":"Rhodes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1897\/07-363.1","article-title":"Relationship between cyclodextrin extraction and biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil","volume":"27","author":"Rhodes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.01.008","article-title":"Linking desorption kinetics to phenanthrene biodegradation in soil","volume":"158","author":"Rhodes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.10.020","article-title":"Bioavailability assessment and environmental fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biostimulated creosote-contaminated soil","volume":"63","author":"Sabat\u00e9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1351-0754.2003.0564.x","article-title":"Bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils: fundamental concepts and techniques for analysis","volume":"54","author":"Semple","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Soil Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228A","DOI":"10.1021\/es040548w","article-title":"Peer reviewed: defining bioavailability and bioaccessibility of contaminated soil and sediment is complicated","volume":"38","author":"Semple","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(99)00207-9","article-title":"Bioavailability in soil or sediment: exposure of different organisms and approaches to study it","volume":"108","author":"Sijm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1897\/04-336R.1","article-title":"Prediction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation in contaminated soils using an aqueous hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin extraction technique","volume":"24","author":"Stokes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1021\/es072102w","article-title":"Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as a tool to predict the bioavailability and toxicity of pyrene to the springtail, Folsomia candida, under various soil conditions","volume":"42","author":"Styrishave","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-005-7275-y","article-title":"Availability of pyrene in unaged and aged soils to earthworm uptake, butanol extraction and SFE","volume":"166","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.05.047","article-title":"Comparison of selected non-exhaustive extraction techniques to assess PAH availability in dissimilar soils","volume":"62","author":"Swindell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2004.8000","article-title":"Sequential supercritical fluid extraction (SSFE) for estimating the availability of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in historically polluted soils","volume":"33","author":"Szolar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Environ Qual"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620181209","article-title":"Mild extractability and bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3586","DOI":"10.1021\/es9803512","article-title":"Combined effect of sequestration and bioremediation in reducing the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"32","author":"Tang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(02)00046-2","article-title":"Chemical assays of availability to earthworms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"48","author":"Tang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10817","DOI":"10.1021\/jf802289q","article-title":"Predicting bioavailability of PAHs in soils to wheat roots with triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membranes and comparison with chemical extraction","volume":"56","author":"Tao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.08.006","article-title":"Biomimetic accumulation of PAHs from soils by triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membranes (TECAMs) to estimate their bioavailability","volume":"42","author":"Tao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.09.030","article-title":"Predicting bioavailability of PAHs in field-contaminated soils by passive sampling with triolein embedded cellulose acetate membranes","volume":"157","author":"Tao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1897\/02-488","article-title":"Tenax extraction mimics benthic and terrestrial bioavailability of organic compounds","volume":"22","author":"Ten Hulscher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1021\/es0514803","article-title":"Freely dissolved concentrations of PAHs in soil pore water: measurements via solid-phase extraction and consequences for soil tests","volume":"40","author":"ter Laak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1021\/es0524548","article-title":"Freely dissolved pore water concentrations and sorption coefficients of PAHs in spiked, aged, and field-contaminated soils","volume":"40","author":"ter Laak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2389.2004.00621.x","article-title":"Fractionated extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from polluted soils: estimation of the PAH fraction degradable through bioremediation","volume":"55","author":"Thiele-Bruhn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Soil Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3757","DOI":"10.1021\/es803329p","article-title":"PAH bioavailability in field sediments: comparing different methods for predicting in situ bioaccumulation","volume":"43","author":"van der Heijden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1021\/es802966z","article-title":"Microbial availability of different forms of phenanthrene in soils","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1021\/es950567t","article-title":"Kinetic aspects of surfactant solubilization of soil-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","volume":"30","author":"Yeom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1039\/c0em00587h","article-title":"Chemical techniques for assessing bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants: SPME versus Tenax extraction","volume":"13","author":"You","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Environ Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1021\/es802808q","article-title":"Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carbohydrates and lipids of ryegrass root and implications for a sorption prediction model","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969713013193?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969713013193?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]],"date-time":"2018-10-08T12:22:39Z","timestamp":1539001359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969713013193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"references-count":99,"alternative-id":["S0048969713013193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The prediction of PAHs bioavailability in soils using chemical methods: State of the art and future challenges","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.038","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}