{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:19:16Z","timestamp":1776691156158,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T08:16:48Z","timestamp":1508228208000},"page":"9-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chemical characterization and safety assessment of dokha: An emerging alternative tobacco product"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"615","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1888-1956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yehya","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Dalibalta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maissam","family":"El Kouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0005","first-page":"1290","article-title":"Cigarette, waterpipe, and medwakh smoking prevalence among applicants to Abu Dhabi's premarital screening program","volume":"4","author":"Aden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.2.427","article-title":"Prevalence of dokha use among secondary school students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates","volume":"16","author":"Al Shemmari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039189","article-title":"Tobacco smoking using midwakh is an emerging health problem - evidence from a large cross-sectional survey in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"7","author":"Al-Houqani","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.08.132","article-title":"Midwakh-induced seizures: case series from UAE","volume":"39","author":"Alsaadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2261-9","article-title":"Uncovering risky behaviors of expatriate teenagers in the United Arab Emirates: a survey of tobacco use, nutrition and physical activity habits","volume":"15","author":"Asfour","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0030","author":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0035","author":"ChemicalBook"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0040","author":"ChemicalBook"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0045","first-page":"269","article-title":"Toxic and trace elements in tobacco and tobacco smoke","volume":"70","author":"Chiba","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.12.024","article-title":"A health risk assessment of Arabian incense (Bakhour) smoke in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"511","author":"Dalibalta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.06.108","article-title":"Chemical analysis and potential health risks of hookah charcoal","volume":"570","author":"Elsayed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jscs.2014.10.005","article-title":"Chemical composition and potential health risks of raw Arabian incense (Bakhour)","volume":"20","author":"Elsayed","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Saudi Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0065","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Particulate matter in cigarette smoke alters iron homeostasis to produce a biological effect","volume":"178","author":"Ghio","year":"2008","journal-title":"ATS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0070","author":"Haz-map Database"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0075","first-page":"1547","article-title":"Prevalence and pattern of dokha use among medical and allied health students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates","volume":"11","author":"Jayakumary","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7065","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2013.14.12.7065","article-title":"Dokha: an emerging public health issue as a form of tobacco smoking in the Middle East","volume":"14","author":"John","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.06.012","article-title":"Human health effects of air pollution","volume":"151","author":"Kampa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0090","series-title":"Tobacco: Production, Chemistry, And Technology","first-page":"265","article-title":"Basic chemical constituents of tobacco leaf and differences among tobacco types","author":"Leffingwell","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1383\/medc.31.10.64.27826","article-title":"Nitrogen and nitrogen oxides","volume":"31","author":"Meulenbelt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050281","article-title":"Non-cigarette tobacco products: what have we learned and where are we headed?","volume":"21","author":"O'Connor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tob. Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0105","author":"PubChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0110","author":"PubChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0115","series-title":"Pulmonary Toxicology of Respirable Particles","author":"Sanders","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.5.1819","article-title":"Acute effects of dokha smoking on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems among UAE male university students","volume":"13","author":"Shaikh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2014.05.010","article-title":"A call to address Dokha smoking: an emerging form of tobacco use","volume":"128","author":"Shaikh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.02.041","article-title":"Does switching to a tobacco-free waterpipe product reduce toxicant intake? A crossover study comparing CO, NO, PAH, volatile aldehydes, \u201ctar\u201d and nicotine yields","volume":"50","author":"Shihadeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0135","author":"Toxicology Data Network (Toxnet)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2013-051530","article-title":"Midwakh\/dokha tobacco use in the Middle East: much to learn","volume":"25","author":"Vupputuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tob. Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0145","author":"WHO Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255_bb0150","series-title":"Toxicological Profile for Manganese","author":"Williams","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969717326062?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969717326062?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T04:19:57Z","timestamp":1575605997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969717326062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0048969717326062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chemical characterization and safety assessment of dokha: An emerging alternative tobacco product","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.255","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}