{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:49:52Z","timestamp":1790635792674,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2018YFA0606201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFA0606201"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,17]],"date-time":"2018-11-17T02:16:39Z","timestamp":1542420999000},"page":"168-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ambient PM2.5 and O3 and their combined effects on prevalence of presbyopia among the elderly: A cross-sectional study in six low- and middle-income countries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"655","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2462-5158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hualiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengliang","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenise A.","family":"Cummings-Vaughn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Rigdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Vaughn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3708-1225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengzhi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengmin (Min)","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-7835-x","article-title":"Calculating measures of biological interaction","volume":"20","author":"Andersson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03709","article-title":"Ambient air pollution exposure estimation for the global burden of disease 2013","volume":"50","author":"Brauer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0015","author":"Central Intelligence Agency"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0020","first-page":"502","article-title":"Interaction between ambient particles and ozone and its effect on daily mortality","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomed. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.11.034","article-title":"Investigation into the oxidative potential generated by the formation of particulate matter from incense combustion","volume":"244","author":"Chuang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010111","article-title":"Presbyopia and the changes with age in the human crystalline lens","volume":"228","author":"Fisher","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370252870989","article-title":"Combined air pollution particle and ozone exposure increases airway responsiveness in mice","volume":"14","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inhal. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1159\/000066183","article-title":"Subclinically dry eyes in urban Delhi: an impact of air pollution?","volume":"216","author":"Gupta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.05.009","article-title":"Long-term exposure to residential ambient fine and coarse particulate matter and incident hypertension in post-menopausal women","volume":"105","author":"Honda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110187","article-title":"Effects of air pollutants on acute stroke mortality","volume":"110","author":"Hong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP575","article-title":"Comparing the health effects of ambient particulate matter estimated using ground-based versus remote sensing exposure estimates","volume":"125","author":"Jerrett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70s","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00402903","article-title":"Air pollution and the elderly: oxidant\/antioxidant issues worth consideration","volume":"21","author":"Kelly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7243\/2055-2408-1-1","article-title":"Prevalence of presbyopia among smoking population","volume":"1","author":"Khalaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Eye Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys210","article-title":"Data resource profile: the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)","volume":"41","author":"Kowal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(86)90026-0","article-title":"Synergistic interaction of ozone and respirable aerosols on rat lungs. I. Importance of aerosol acidity","volume":"39","author":"Last","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.09.007","article-title":"Mortality burden of ambient fine particulate air pollution in six Chinese cities: results from the Pearl River Delta study","volume":"96","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.10.056","article-title":"Particle size and chemical constituents of ambient particulate pollution associated with cardiovascular mortality in Guangzhou, China","volume":"208","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015739","article-title":"Ambient PM2.5 and stroke: effect modifiers and population attributable risk in six low- and middle-income countries","volume":"48","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.133","article-title":"Associations between ambient fine particulate air pollution and hypertension: a nationwide cross-sectional study in China","volume":"584-585","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6569","article-title":"Presbyopia and near-vision impairment in rural northern China","volume":"52","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32834a95c9","article-title":"Ocular surface damage by ophthalmic compounds","volume":"11","author":"Mantelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.3.322","article-title":"Vision impairment predicts 5\u202fyear mortality","volume":"85","author":"McCarty","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0668.2005.00366.x","article-title":"Interaction between ozone and airborne particulate matter in office air","volume":"15","author":"M\u00f8lhave","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indoor Air"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000096","article-title":"Prevalence of presbyopia and spectacle coverage in an African population in Durban, South Africa","volume":"90","author":"Naidoo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.07.013","article-title":"Extended effects of air pollution on cardiopulmonary mortality in Vienna","volume":"41","author":"Neuberger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200901-0160OC","article-title":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of hospitalization with community-acquired pneumonia in older adults","volume":"181","author":"Neupane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10363","article-title":"Ambient levels of air pollution induce goblet-cell hyperplasia in human conjunctival epithelium","author":"Novaes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2010.03.003","article-title":"The effects of chronic exposure to traffic derived air pollution on the ocular surface","volume":"110","author":"Novaes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901181","article-title":"Long-term exposure to constituents of fine particulate air pollution and mortality: results from the California teachers study","volume":"118","author":"Ostro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0150","first-page":"40","article-title":"Presbyopia: prevalence, impact, and interventions","volume":"20","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Community Eye Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000108927.80044.7F","article-title":"Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease","volume":"109","author":"Pope","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0160","series-title":"Short-term Effects of Particulate Matter Pollutants on Population Health: Time Series Studies on Emergency Hospital Admissions","author":"Qiu","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-009-0058-7","article-title":"The effects of particulate and ozone pollution on mortality in Moscow, Russia","volume":"3","author":"Revich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Air Qual. Atmos. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7387","article-title":"Estimating the exposure-response relationships between particulate matter and mortality within the APHEA multicity project","author":"Samoli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2003.00119.x","article-title":"Impact of environmental pollution on the eye","volume":"81","author":"Saxena","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(95)03228-8","article-title":"Interaction of gaseous and particulate pollutants in the respiratory tract: mechanisms and modulators","volume":"105","author":"Schlesinger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201512-2533ED","article-title":"The year of ozone","volume":"193","author":"Schwartz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.016003391.x","article-title":"Daily respiratory mortality and PM10 pollution in Mexico City: importance of considering place of death","volume":"16","author":"T\u00e9llez Rojo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002410","article-title":"Emergency cardiovascular hospitalization risk attributable to cold temperatures in Hong Kong","volume":"9","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.02.014","article-title":"Effects of ambient levels of traffic-derived air pollution on the ocular surface: analysis of symptoms, conjunctival goblet cell count and mucin 5AC gene expression","volume":"131","author":"Torricelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901623","article-title":"Global estimates of ambient fine particulate matter concentrations from satellite-based aerosol optical depth: development and application","volume":"118","author":"Van Donkelaar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7058","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-16864","article-title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in human conjunctival epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) oxidative stress in conjuctiva exposed to DEP","volume":"56","author":"Vitar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(87)90006-8","article-title":"Synergistic interaction of ozone and respirable aerosols on rat lungs: III. Ozone and sulfuric acid aerosol","volume":"88","author":"Warren","year":"1987","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0220","author":"World Bank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0225","article-title":"Prevalence of major chronic conditions among older Chinese adults: the study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) wave 1","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.07.055","article-title":"Effect of ambient air pollution on daily mortality rates in Guangzhou, China","volume":"46","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.09.027","article-title":"Short-term effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot and mouth disease among children in Shenzhen, China: non-linearity, threshold and interaction","volume":"539","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969718345959?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969718345959?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T08:01:37Z","timestamp":1758700897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969718345959"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0048969718345959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ambient PM2.5 and O3 and their combined effects on prevalence of presbyopia among the elderly: A cross-sectional study in six low- and middle-income countries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.239","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}