{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:38:22Z","timestamp":1790811502718,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,14]],"date-time":"2019-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ALTER-Net High Impact Action"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012095","name":"Scottish Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CREAF"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011104","name":"Autonomous University of Barcelona","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T02:11:42Z","timestamp":1546567902000},"page":"373-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Policy-driven monitoring and evaluation: Does it support adaptive management of socio-ecological systems?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"662","author":[{"given":"Kerry A.","family":"Waylen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty L.","family":"Blackstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freddy J.","family":"van Hulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Damian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1317-1269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferenc","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mart","family":"K\u00fclvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.A.","family":"Macleod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela M.","family":"Oprina-Pavelescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eeva","family":"Primmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geta","family":"R\u00ee\u0219noveanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbora","family":"\u0160atalov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Silander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1666-8369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"\u0160pulerov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Su\u0161kevi\u010ds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Van Uytvanck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.10.063","article-title":"Pathology and failure in the design and implementation of adaptive management","volume":"92","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0010","author":"Allen"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1890\/070089","article-title":"Adaptive co-management for social\u2013ecological complexity","volume":"7","author":"Armitage","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.215","article-title":"Market potential of nanoremediation in Europe \u2013 market drivers and interventions identified in a deliberative scenario approach","volume":"619-620","author":"Bartke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12536","article-title":"The role of agri-environment schemes in conservation and environmental management","volume":"29","author":"Bat\u00e1ry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.06.235","article-title":"Water quality monitoring strategies \u2014 a review and future perspectives","volume":"571","author":"Behmel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-05551-180426","article-title":"Comparison of frameworks for analyzing social-ecological systems","volume":"18","author":"Binder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2014.10.012","article-title":"Did you say reference conditions? Ecological and socio-economic perspectives on the European Water Framework Directive","volume":"47","author":"Bouleau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.futures.2005.01.003","article-title":"The origins and evolution of scenario techniques in long range business planning","volume":"37","author":"Bradfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"Futures"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.01.038","article-title":"What are we monitoring and why? Using geomorphic principles to frame eco-hydrological assessments of river condition","volume":"408","author":"Brierley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2015.06.019","article-title":"Evaluating adaptive co-management as conservation conflict resolution: learning from seals and salmon","volume":"160","author":"Butler","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0060","series-title":"Understanding Public Policy: Theories and Issues","author":"Cairney","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-06824-190356","article-title":"A decade of adaptive governance scholarship: synthesis and future directions","volume":"19","author":"Chaffin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.03.036","article-title":"Adaptive monitoring based on ecosystem services","volume":"415","author":"Chapman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2014.07.004","article-title":"A framework for monitoring social process and outcomes in environmental programs","volume":"47","author":"Chapman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eval. Program Plann."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0080","series-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Evaluation","first-page":"33","article-title":"The purposes of evaluation in a democratic society","author":"Chelimsky","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2013.11.005","article-title":"Governing and managing water resources under changing hydro-climatic contexts: the case of the upper Rhone basin","volume":"43","author":"Claruis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-016-5526-6","article-title":"Evaluating impacts using a BACI design, ratios, and a Bayesian approach with a focus on restoration","volume":"188","author":"Conner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-010-1582-5","article-title":"A review of citizen science and community-based environmental monitoring: issues and opportunities","volume":"176","author":"Conrad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-05093-180103","article-title":"Legitimacy, adaptation, and resilience in ecosystem management","volume":"18","author":"Cosens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2009.05.012","article-title":"Monitoring in adaptive co-management: toward a learning based approach","volume":"90","author":"Cundill","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2010.04.006","article-title":"Governance, complexity, and resilience","volume":"20","author":"Duit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Chang."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2005.03.007","article-title":"The need for new monitoring tools to implement the WFD","volume":"8","author":"Dworak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2004.12.012","article-title":"Science\u2013policy data compact: use of environmental monitoring data for air quality policy","volume":"8","author":"Engel-Cox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0125","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0130","first-page":"36","article-title":"Commission Directive 2009\/90\/EC of 31 July 2009 laying down, and pursuant to 2000\/60\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, technical specifications for chemical analysis and monitoring of water status","volume":"201","author":"European Commission","year":"2009","journal-title":"Off. J.Eur. Communities L"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0135","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0140","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0145","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0150","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0155","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0160","author":"European Commission"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3897\/natureconservation.1.1808","article-title":"Building the European Union's Natura 2000 network","volume":"1","author":"Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Conserv."},{"issue":"15\u201318","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2007.07.018","article-title":"IWRM in developing countries: lessons from the Mhlatuze Catchment in South Africa","volume":"32","author":"Funke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Earth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.3390\/su7021651","article-title":"Beyond cockpit-ism: four insights to enhance the transformative potential of the sustainable development goals","volume":"7","author":"Hajer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2006.05.002","article-title":"Ecosystem management and the conservation of river\u2013floodplain systems","volume":"80","author":"Hale","year":"2007","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0185","author":"Hart"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2008.10.006","article-title":"Biodiversity management in the face of climate change: a review of 22\u202fyears of recommendations","volume":"142","author":"Heller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.05.031","article-title":"The European Water Framework Directive at the age of 10: a critical review of the achievements with recommendations for the future","volume":"408","author":"Hering","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.03.003","article-title":"Implementation options for DNA-based identification into ecological status assessment under the European Water Framework Directive","volume":"138","author":"Hering","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2013.02.001","article-title":"The use of monitoring information in policy-oriented learning: insights from two cases in coastal management","volume":"29","author":"Hermans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1080\/09644016.2014.924205","article-title":"Climate policy innovation: developing an evaluation perspective","volume":"23","author":"Hild\u00e9n","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Polit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0215","series-title":"Adaptive Environmental Assessment and Management","author":"Holling","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0220","series-title":"Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems","first-page":"203","article-title":"Climate change: defining reference conditions and restoring freshwater ecosystems","author":"Johnson","year":"2010"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-016-1216-5","article-title":"How does biodiversity conservation argumentation generate effects in policy cycles?","volume":"27","author":"Jokinen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-07977-210115","article-title":"The study of human values in understanding and managing social-ecological systems","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1068\/c170069","article-title":"The implementation of EU environmental policy; a policy problem without a political solution?","volume":"17","author":"Jordan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. C Gov. Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0976(200003\/04)10:2<64::AID-EET219>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"EU environmental policy: adapting to the principle of subsidiarity?","volume":"10","author":"Jordan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9248.2005.00540.x","article-title":"The rise of \u2018new\u2019 policy instruments in comparative perspective: has governance eclipsed government?","volume":"53","author":"Jordan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Polit. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0250","author":"Kampa"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12366","article-title":"The challenge of implementing the European network of protected areas Natura 2000","volume":"29","author":"Kati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/13501761003662065","article-title":"Globalizing European union environmental policy","volume":"17","author":"Kelemen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Eur. Publ. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.02.024","article-title":"Redundancy in the ecological assessment of lakes: are phytoplankton, macrophytes and phytobenthos all necessary?","volume":"568","author":"Kelly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"6018","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1197872","article-title":"Ensuring the data-rich future of the social sciences","volume":"331","author":"King","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoser.2013.11.002","article-title":"Civic ecology practices: participatory approaches to generating and measuring ecosystem services in cities","volume":"7","author":"Krasny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecosyst. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0280","series-title":"Advances in Ecological Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aecr.2018.01.001","article-title":"Chapter two - why we need sustainable networks bridging countries, disciplines, cultures and generations for aquatic biomonitoring 2.0: a perspective derived from the DNAqua-net COST action","author":"Leese","year":"2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1080\/08941920802178214","article-title":"Governance principles for natural resource management","volume":"23","author":"Lockwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc. Nat. Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0290","author":"Macleod"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2008.09.007","article-title":"Using conceptual models as a planning and evaluation tool in conservation","volume":"32","author":"Margoluis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eval. Program Plann."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0300","series-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Evaluation","first-page":"1","article-title":"The evaluation of policies, programs and practices","author":"Mark","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1162\/GLEP_a_00012","article-title":"Information disclosure and environmental rights: the Aarhus convention","volume":"10","author":"Mason","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Polit."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01474647","article-title":"Adaptive management: promises and pitfalls","volume":"20","author":"McLain","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2015.06.010","article-title":"Ecological data sharing","volume":"29","author":"Michener","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eco. Inform."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1177\/135638900300900404","article-title":"A framework for evaluating environmental policy instruments: context and key concepts","volume":"9","author":"Mickwitz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0325","series-title":"Climate Policy Integration, Coherence and Governance","author":"Mickwitz","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2014.02.010","article-title":"How is success or failure in river restoration projects evaluated? Feedback from French restoration projects","volume":"137","author":"Morandi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0335","author":"Murray-Darling Basin Authority"},{"issue":"7607","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/534320a","article-title":"Map the interactions between sustainable development goals","volume":"534","author":"Nilsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0345","author":"OECD"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-003-0101-7","article-title":"Adaptive comanagement for building resilience in social\u2013ecological systems","volume":"34","author":"Olsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2016.05.003","article-title":"A framework and indicators for evaluating policies for conservation and development: the case of wildlife management units in Mexico","volume":"63","author":"Ortega-Argueta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0360","series-title":"Practicing Evaluation: A Collaborative Approach","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-006-9040-4","article-title":"Transitions towards adaptive management of water facing climate and global change","volume":"21","author":"Pahl-Wostl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Resour. Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2007.08.007","article-title":"The importance of social learning and culture for sustainable water management","volume":"64","author":"Pahl-Wostl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecol. Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0375","series-title":"Developmental Evaluation: Applying Complexity Concepts to Enhance Innovation and Use","author":"Patton","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/eet.506","article-title":"Examining processes or\/and outcomes? Evaluation concepts in European governance of natural resources","volume":"19","author":"Rauschmayer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Policy Gov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0385","first-page":"579","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-06183-180463","article-title":"A new paradigm for adaptive management","volume":"18","author":"Rist","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0395","author":"Schmedtje"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1177\/1356389017715366","article-title":"Governing policy evaluation? Towards a new typology","volume":"23","author":"Schoenefeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0405","series-title":"Agri-environmental Schemes: How to Enhance the Agriculture-environment Relationship, Thematic Issue 57, Issue Produced for the European Commission DG Environment by the Science Communication Unit UWE, Bristol","author":"Science for Environment Policy","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0410","series-title":"Governing the Nexus: Water, Soil and Waste Resources Considering Global Change","first-page":"15","article-title":"The water-energy-food nexus: enhancing adaptive capacity to complex global challenges","author":"Scott","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2015.07.024","article-title":"Towards integrated social\u2013ecological sustainability indicators: exploring the contribution and gaps in existing global data","volume":"118","author":"Selomane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol. Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0420","series-title":"Forest Recreation Monitoring \u2013 A European Perspective","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0425","series-title":"Qualitative Research. Theory, Method and Practice","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2005.00594.x","article-title":"Monitoring and evaluation in conservation: a review of trends and approaches","volume":"19","author":"Stem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2007.03.001","article-title":"Network design for water quality monitoring of surface freshwaters: A review","volume":"87","author":"Strobl","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2010.00083.x","article-title":"Methods for collaboratively identifying research priorities and emerging issues in science and policy","volume":"2","author":"Sutherland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0440","first-page":"7","article-title":"Council Directive 92\/43\/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora","volume":"206","author":"The Council of the European Union","year":"2010","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union L"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0445","author":"The European Evaluation Helpdesk for Rural Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0450","first-page":"1","article-title":"Directive 2000\/60\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy","volume":"327","author":"The European Parliament and Council of the European Union","year":"2000","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union L"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0455","first-page":"487","article-title":"Regulation (EU) No 1305\/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on support for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1698\/2005","volume":"347","author":"The European Parliament and Council of the European Union","year":"2013","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union L"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0460","first-page":"7","article-title":"Directive 2009\/147\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds","volume":"20","author":"The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union","year":"2010","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union L"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0465","author":"UNECE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0470","series-title":"Integrated Policymaking for Sustainable Development: A Reference Manual, Earthprint & United Nations Environment Programme, Division of Technology, Industry and Economics, Geneva, Switzerland","author":"UNEP","year":"2009"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-017-0918-6","article-title":"Complex problems and unchallenged solutions: bringing ecosystem governance to the forefront of the UN sustainable development goals","volume":"46","author":"Vasseur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoser.2016.03.006","article-title":"Governing ecosystem services: national and local lessons from policy appraisal and implementation","volume":"18","author":"Verburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecosyst. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envdev.2015.04.003","article-title":"Governance in support of integrated flood risk management? The case of Romania","volume":"16","author":"Vinke-de Kruijf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Dev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-04051-160209","article-title":"The politics of reflexive governance: challenges for designing adaptive management and transition management","volume":"16","author":"Vo\u00df","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.09.228","article-title":"The EU Water Framework Directive: from great expectations to problems with implementation","volume":"575","author":"Voulvoulis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0500","series-title":"States of Knowledge: The Co-production of Science and the Social Order","first-page":"87","article-title":"Knowledge and political order in the European Environment Agency","author":"Waterton","year":"2004"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/eet.1758","article-title":"Monitoring for adaptive management or modernity: lessons from recent initiatives for holistic environmental management","volume":"27","author":"Waylen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Policy Gov."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0510","first-page":"381","article-title":"Knowledge creep and decision accretion","volume":"1","author":"Weiss","year":"1980","journal-title":"Knowl. Creation Decis. Utilization"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1177\/109821409301400119","article-title":"Where politics and evaluation research meet","volume":"14","author":"Weiss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eval. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0520","author":"Whitfield"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.10.039","article-title":"Passive and active adaptive management: approaches and an example","volume":"92","author":"Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-013-0205-7","article-title":"Adaptive management: from more talk to real action","volume":"53","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0535","author":"Yli-Viikar\u00e4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0540","series-title":"The Institutional Dimensions of Environmental Change: Fit, Interplay, and Scale","author":"Young","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1080\/14747730500377156","article-title":"The European Union as an environmental leader in a global environment","volume":"2","author":"Zito","year":"2005","journal-title":"Globalizations"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969718353580?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969718353580?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T08:10:52Z","timestamp":1758701452000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969718353580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":110,"alternative-id":["S0048969718353580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Policy-driven monitoring and evaluation: Does it support adaptive management of socio-ecological systems?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.462","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}