{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:19:49Z","timestamp":1787566789310,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012176","name":"Project 211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B08037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B08037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41628102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41628102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017HH048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017HH048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T02:52:02Z","timestamp":1554778322000},"page":"189-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Spatial-temporal variations and source contributions to forest ozone exposure in China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"674","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7412-5090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1797-2311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7709-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianlin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4560-433X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.01.002","article-title":"Global crop yield reductions due to surface ozone exposure: 2. Year 2030 potential crop production losses and economic damage under two scenarios of O3 pollution","volume":"45","author":"Avnery","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0010","series-title":"Critical Level for Ozone in Europe: Testing and Finalizing the Concepts (UN-ECE Workshop Report)","first-page":"7","article-title":"Workshop summary","author":"Bull","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.01.046","article-title":"Ozone distribution and phytotoxic potential in mixed conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains, southern California","volume":"155","author":"Bytnerowicz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2008.06.025","article-title":"Surface ozone concentrations and ecosystem health: past trends and a guide to future projections","volume":"400","author":"Cape","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.03.029","article-title":"Evaluation of a CMAQ simulation at high resolution over the UK for the calendar year 2003","author":"Chemel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.03.107","article-title":"Evaluation of observation-fused regional air quality model results for population air pollution exposure estimation","volume":"485","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0035","author":"CLRTAP (Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.10.051","article-title":"Incidence of ozone symptoms on vegetation within a National Wildlife Refuge in New Jersey, USA","volume":"143","author":"Davis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03069.x","article-title":"A rapid change in ozone resistance of Plantago major after summers with high ozone concentrations","volume":"131","author":"Davison","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0045","author":"ENVIRON"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0050","author":"EPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0055","series-title":"National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone","author":"EPA","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0060","series-title":"Welfare Risk and Exposure Assessment for Ozone","author":"EPA","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-4323-2016","article-title":"Summertime ozone formation in Xi'an and surrounding areas, China","volume":"16","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry Physics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.01.016","article-title":"Ground-level O3 pollution and its impacts on food crops in China: a review","volume":"199","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005249231882","article-title":"The global exposure of forests to air pollutants","volume":"116","author":"Fowler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Air and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-5-1471-2012","article-title":"The model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions","volume":"5","author":"Guenther","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geosci. Model Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1991.tb01008.x","article-title":"Adaptation of a white clover population to ozone stress","volume":"119","author":"Heagle","year":"1991","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0090","first-page":"22","article-title":"The need for a long-term cumulative secondary ozone standard-an ecological perspective","author":"Heck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10333","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-10333-2016","article-title":"One-year simulation of ozone and particulate matter in China using WRF\/CMAQ modeling system","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2006.06.025","article-title":"High-resolution modeling of AOT40 and stomatal ozone uptake in wheat and grassland: a comparison between 2000 and the hot summer of 2003 in Switzerland","volume":"146","author":"Keller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.04.022","article-title":"Assessing the risk of foliar injury from ozone on vegetation in parks in the U.S. National Park Service's vital signs network","volume":"149","author":"Kohut","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.2001.85.1.4","article-title":"Ambient ozone and plant health","volume":"85","author":"Krupa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.08.017","article-title":"Implementation and evaluation of PM2.5 source contribution analysis in a photochemical model","volume":"80","author":"Kwok","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-8-99-2015","article-title":"Photochemical grid model implementation and application of VOC, NOx, and O3 source apportionment","volume":"8","author":"Kwok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geosci. Model Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(96)00258-0","article-title":"Effect of surface ozone exposures on vegetation grown in the Southern Appalachian Mountains: identification of possible areas of concern","volume":"31","author":"Lefohn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0140","series-title":"Hotspots Revisited: Earth's Biologically Richest and Most Endangered Ecoregions","author":"Mittermeier","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2005.10.064","article-title":"A critical review and analysis of the use of exposure- and flux-based ozone indices for predicting vegetation effects","volume":"40","author":"Musselman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0150","author":"NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0155","author":"NPS (U.S. National Park Service)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s11629-012-2449-8","article-title":"Surface ozone in Jiuzhaigou National Park, eastern rim of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China","volume":"9","author":"Qiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mt. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5253","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-5253-2009","article-title":"Exposure-plant response of ambient ozone over the tropical Indian region","volume":"9","author":"Roy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12177","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12177-2017","article-title":"Projected global ground-level ozone impacts on vegetation under different emission and climate scenarios","volume":"17","author":"Sicard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.09.084","article-title":"Vegetation exposure to ozone over the continental United States: assessment of exposure indices by the Eta-CMAQ air quality forecast model","volume":"43","author":"Tong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2493","article-title":"Rapid increases in tropospheric ozone production and export from China","volume":"8","author":"Verstraeten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.06.053","article-title":"Photochemical model evaluation of the ground-level ozone impacts on ambient air quality and vegetation health in the Alberta oil sands region: using present and future emission scenarios","volume":"141","author":"Vijayaraghavan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2004.03.030","article-title":"A review of surface ozone background levels and trends","volume":"38","author":"Vingarzan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.02.035","article-title":"Ozone and ozone injury on plants in and around Beijing, China","volume":"191","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05981","article-title":"Attribution of tropospheric ozone to NOx and VOC emissions: considering ozone formation in the transition regime","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.05.006","article-title":"Source apportionment of summertime ozone in China using a source-oriented chemical transport model","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6217","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-6217-2009","article-title":"Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of southern China, 1994\u20132007","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2006.05.006","article-title":"Ground-level ozone in China: distribution and effects on crop yields","volume":"147","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3511","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-3511-2011","article-title":"Seasonal and spatial variability of surface ozone over China: contributions from background and domestic pollution","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.01.013","article-title":"Projection of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions in China for the period 2010\u20132020","volume":"45","author":"Wei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-4-625-2011","article-title":"The fire INventory from NCAR (FINN): a high resolution global model to estimate the emissions from open burning","volume":"4","author":"Wiedinmyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geosci. Model Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD011675","article-title":"Analysis of regional meteorology and surface ozone during the TexAQS II field program and an evaluation of the NMM-CMAQ and WRF-Chem air quality models","volume":"114","author":"Wilczak","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.02.051","article-title":"Performance characteristics of MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ for a summer photochemical episode in southeast England, United Kingdom","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9869","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-9869-2013","article-title":"NOx emissions in China: historical trends and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969719316262?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969719316262?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T08:27:25Z","timestamp":1787560045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969719316262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0048969719316262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatial-temporal variations and source contributions to forest ozone exposure in China","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.106","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}