{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:36:37Z","timestamp":1793320597767,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21707105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21707105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21876125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21876125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41907106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41907106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010248","name":"Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LGF18B070004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF18B070004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010248","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010248","name":"Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LGF19B070009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF19B070009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010248","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Xinmiao Talent Project","award":["2017R413033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R413033"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007835","name":"Wenzhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QTJ16013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QTJ16013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T12:26:14Z","timestamp":1568291174000},"page":"134414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by magnetic greigite\/biochar composites"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"700","author":[{"given":"Xuedong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6946-1671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuicui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy A.","family":"Dahlgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9985-8717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.11.2741","article-title":"Role of chromium in human health and in diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Cefalu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.04.071","article-title":"Fabrication and environmental applications of multifunctional mixed metal-biochar composites (MMBC) from red mud and lignin wastes","volume":"374","author":"Cho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440500534032","article-title":"Toxicity and carcinogenicity of chromium compounds in humans","volume":"36","author":"Costa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.04.008","article-title":"Characteristics and mechanisms of hexavalent chromium removal by biochar from sugar beet tailing","volume":"190","author":"Dong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.06.009","article-title":"Reductive sequestration of chromate by hierarchical FeS@Fe0 particles","volume":"102","author":"Du","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.009","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium by biochar supported nZVI composite: batch and fixed-bed column evaluations, mechanisms, and secondary contamination prevention","volume":"217","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.07.051","article-title":"The removal of chromium (VI) and lead (II) from groundwater using sepiolite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-NZVI)","volume":"138","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemoshpere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.063","article-title":"Application of iron sulfide particles for groundwater and soil remediation: a review","volume":"89","author":"Gong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.03.282","article-title":"Reduction of Cr(VI) in simulated groundwater by FeS-coated iron magnetic nanoparticles","volume":"595","author":"Gong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2012.01.006","article-title":"Oxidative dissolution of pyrite surfaces by hexavalent chromium: surface site saturation and surface renewal","volume":"83","author":"Graham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.11.050","article-title":"Adsorption kinetics of magnetic biochar derived from peanut hull on removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution: effects of production conditions and particle size","volume":"145","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05111","article-title":"Facet-dependent Cr(VI) adsorption of hematite nanocrystals","volume":"50","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2017.1377247","article-title":"Solvothermal synthesis of greigite (Fe3S4)-conducting polypyrrole nanocomposite and its application towards arsenic removal","volume":"52","author":"Islam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sep. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.08.050","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature on properties and environmental safety of heavy metals in biochars derived from municipal sewage sludge","volume":"320","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389991259164","article-title":"A critical assessment of chromium in the environment","volume":"29","author":"Kimbrough","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15755","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TA03442F","article-title":"\u03b2-Cyclodextrin stabilized magnetic Fe3S4 nanoparticles for efficient removal of Pb(II)","volume":"3","author":"Kong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19333","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA05389D","article-title":"Efficient removal of Pb(II) from water using magnetic Fe3S4\/reduced graphene oxide composites","volume":"5","author":"Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(99)00168-2","article-title":"Chromium occurrence in the environment and methods of its speciation","volume":"107","author":"Kota\u015b","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.08.010","article-title":"Kinetics and mechanisms of amorphous FeS2 induced Cr(VI) reduction","volume":"320","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134115","article-title":"Mechanisms of U(VI) removal by biochar derived from Ficus microcarpa aerial root: a comparison between raw and modified biochar","volume":"697","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28534","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b09919","article-title":"Hydrothermal synthesis of FeS2 as a high-efficiency Fenton reagent to degrade alachlor via superoxide-mediated Fe(II)\/Fe(III) cycle","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.07.176","article-title":"Adsorption and reduction of roxarsone on magnetic greigite (Fe3S4): indispensable role of structural sulfide","volume":"330","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.02.092","article-title":"Thallium contamination in farmlands and common vegetables in a pyrite mining city and potential health risks","volume":"248","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Envion. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.192","article-title":"Insight into pH dependent Cr(VI) removal with magnetic Fe3S4","volume":"359","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.04.058","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by a novel biochar supported nanoscale iron sulfide composite","volume":"322","author":"Lyu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.11.182","article-title":"Immobilization of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soils using biochar supported nanoscale iron sulfide composite","volume":"194","author":"Lyu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1021\/am507815t","article-title":"Insight into core-shell dependent anoxic Cr(VI) removal with Fe@Fe2O3 nanowires: indispensable role of surface bound Fe(II)","volume":"7","author":"Mu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10808","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-1353-3","article-title":"UV modification of biochar for enhanced hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution","volume":"25","author":"Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.12.077","article-title":"Nanoscale zero-valent iron supported by biochars produced at different temperatures: synthesis mechanism and effect on Cr(VI) removal","volume":"223","author":"Qian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17115","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b03310","article-title":"Hydrothermal carbon-mediated Fenton-like reaction mechanism in the degradation of alachlor: direct electron transfer from hydrothermal carbon to Fe(III)","volume":"9","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.03.012","article-title":"Persistent free radicals in carbon-based materials on transformation of refractory organic contaminants (ROCs) in water: a critical review","volume":"137","author":"Qin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(89)90189-7","article-title":"Environmental chemistry of chromium","volume":"86","author":"Rai","year":"1989","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.02.105","article-title":"Formation, characteristics, and applications of environmentally persistent free radicals in biochars: a review","volume":"281","author":"Ruan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.03.072","article-title":"Stabilisation of nanoscale zero-valent iron with biochar for enhanced transport and in-situ remediation of hexavalent chromium in soil","volume":"214","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.02.119","article-title":"Nanoscale zero-valent iron for metal\/metalloid removal from model hydraulic fracturing wastewater","volume":"176","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.332","article-title":"Aging effects on chemical transformation and metal(loid) removal by entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron for hydraulic fracturing wastewater treatment","volume":"615","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.047","article-title":"Multifunctional iron-biochar composites for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater","volume":"124","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.05.041","article-title":"Synthesis of mesoporous magnetic gamma-Fe2O3 and its application to Cr(VI) removal from contaminated water","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13205","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA13540H","article-title":"Lead and uranium sorptive removal from aqueous solution using magnetic and nonmagnetic fast pyrolysis rice husk biochars","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2018.07.013","article-title":"Preparation and photocatalytic property of porous \u03b1-Fe2O3 nanoflowers","volume":"107","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.04.099","article-title":"Dynamic study of Cr(VI) removal performance and mechanism from water using multilayer material coated nanoscale zerovalent iron","volume":"240","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.02.068","article-title":"Carbon-based materials as adsorbent for antibiotics removal: mechanisms and influencing factors","volume":"237","author":"Xiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04042","article-title":"Degradation of p-nitrophenol on biochars: role of persistent free radicals","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.09.022","article-title":"The enhancement of atrazine sorption and microbial transformation in biochars amended black soils","volume":"189","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.02.119","article-title":"Surface functional groups of carbon-based adsorbents and their roles in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions: a critical review","volume":"366","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.205","article-title":"Biomass waste components significantly influence the removal of Cr(VI) using magnetic biochar derived from four types of feedstocks and steel pickling waste liquor","volume":"360","author":"Yi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.183","article-title":"Efficient removal of several estrogens in water by Fe-hydrochar composite and related interactive effect mechanism of H2O2 and iron with persistent free radicals from hydrochar of pinewood","volume":"658","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022504826342","article-title":"Chromium in the environment: factors affecting biological remediation","volume":"249","author":"Zayed","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2009.08.127","article-title":"Magnetic greigite (Fe3S4) nanomaterials: shape-controlled solvothermal synthesis and their calcination conversion into hematite (\u03b1-Fe2O3) nanomaterials","volume":"488","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Alloy. Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46955","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA02388B","article-title":"Chitosan modification of magnetic biochar produced from Eichhornia crassipes for enhanced sorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.07.125","article-title":"Adsorption-reduction removal of Cr(VI) by tobacco petiole pyrolytic biochar: batch experiment, kinetic and mechanism studies","volume":"268","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.08.224","article-title":"Adsorption and redox conversion behaviors of Cr(VI) on goethite\/carbon microspheres and akaganeite\/carbon microspheres composites","volume":"356","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.005","article-title":"Ball-milled biochar for galaxolide removal: sorption performance and governing mechanisms","volume":"659","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.08.016","article-title":"Adsorption and coadsorption mechanisms of Cr(VI) and organic contaminants on H3PO4 treated biochar","volume":"186","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.03.116","article-title":"Environmentally persistent free radicals mediated removal of Cr(VI) from highly saline water by corn straw biochars","volume":"260","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1021\/tx200251t","article-title":"Chromium in drinking water: sources, metabolism, and cancer risks","volume":"24","author":"Zhitkovich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.08.093","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium from water using magnetic biochar composite: key roles of Fe3O4 and persistent free radicals","volume":"243","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.11.021","article-title":"Biochar-supported zerovalent iron for removal of various contaminants from aqueous solutions","volume":"152","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.06.102","article-title":"Investigation of the adsorption-reduction mechanisms of hexavalent chromium by ramie biochars of different pyrolytic temperatures","volume":"218","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31568","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA06534A","article-title":"Adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium on magnetic greigite (Fe3S4)-CTAB: leading role of Fe(II) and S(-II)","volume":"8","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.8b00388","article-title":"Biochar derived from sawdust embedded with molybdenum disulfide for highly selective removal of Pb2+","volume":"1","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.05.046","article-title":"Enhanced hexavalent chromium removal performance and stabilization by magnetic iron nanoparticles assisted biochar in aqueous solution: mechanisms and application potential","volume":"207","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.04.004","article-title":"Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by different surface-modified biochars: acid washing, nanoscale zero-valent iron and ferric iron loading","volume":"261","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969719344055?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969719344055?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T21:10:09Z","timestamp":1733260209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969719344055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S0048969719344055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by magnetic greigite\/biochar composites","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134414","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"134414"}}