{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T06:37:32Z","timestamp":1781851052963,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611100800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":294,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014103","name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014103","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T20:16:24Z","timestamp":1579032984000},"page":"136635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":304,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Combined effects of biochar properties and soil conditions on plant growth: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"713","author":[{"given":"Yanhui","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4311-5185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9223-0772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhixiang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2028-1295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baoshan","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2018.07.012","article-title":"Long term biochar effects on corn yield, soil quality and profitability in the US Midwest","volume":"227","author":"Aller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.2829","article-title":"Impact of biochar properties on soil conditions and agricultural sustainability: a review","volume":"29","author":"Al-Wabel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0015","series-title":"Nutrient Use Efficiency: From Basics to Advances","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nutrient use efficiency in plants: an overview","author":"Baligar","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/gcbb.12037","article-title":"Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: a meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Biederman","year":"2013","journal-title":"GCB Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.07.106","article-title":"Algal biochar\u2014production and properties","volume":"102","author":"Bird","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2016.07.019","article-title":"Long-term effects of biochar on soil physical properties","volume":"282","author":"Burrell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0035","series-title":"Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology","first-page":"67","article-title":"Biochar: nutrient properties and their enhancement","volume":"1","author":"Chan","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/ejss.12388","article-title":"Change in active microbial community structure, abundance and carbon cycling in an acid rice paddy soil with the addition of biochar","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.12.169","article-title":"Potential role of biochars in decreasing soil acidification - a critical review","volume":"581\u2013582","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1051\/agro\/2009040","article-title":"Long-term effects of organic amendments on soil fertility. A review","volume":"30","author":"Diacono","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13593-016-0372-z","article-title":"Biochar to improve soil fertility. A review","volume":"36","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(17)60375-8","article-title":"Potential benefits of biochar in agricultural soils: a review","volume":"27","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-015-1338-5","article-title":"Long-term effects of biochar amount on the content and composition of organic matter in soil aggregates under field conditions","volume":"16","author":"Dong","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-015-1349-2","article-title":"Biochar addition drives soil aggregation and carbon sequestration in aggregate fractions from an intensive agricultural system","volume":"17","author":"Du","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/err248","article-title":"Improving crop productivity and resource use efficiency to ensure food security and environmental quality in China","volume":"63","author":"Fan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1182570","article-title":"Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands","volume":"327","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.10.041","article-title":"The effects of straw or straw-derived gasification biochar applications on soil quality and crop productivity: a farm case study","volume":"186","author":"Hansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(1999)080[1150:TMAORR]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The meta-analysis of response ratios in experimental ecology","volume":"80","author":"Hedges","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.05.008","article-title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus losses and eutrophication potential associated with fertilizer application to cropland in China","volume":"159","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-016-1360-2","article-title":"Biochar for crop production: potential benefits and risks","volume":"17","author":"Hussain","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/SS.0b013e3182979eac","article-title":"Effect of conocarpus biochar application on the hydraulic properties of a sandy loam soil","volume":"178","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.05.092","article-title":"Designer, acidic biochar influences calcareous soil characteristics","volume":"142","author":"Ippolito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2011.08.015","article-title":"A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis","volume":"144","author":"Jeffery","year":"2011","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aa67bd","article-title":"Biochar boosts tropical but not temperate crop yields","volume":"12","author":"Jeffery","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0125","article-title":"The role of biochars in sustainable crop production and soil resiliency","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.07.015","article-title":"Manure biochar influence upon soil properties, phosphorus distribution and phosphatase activities: a microcosm incubation study","volume":"142","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2016.11.025","article-title":"Multi-year and multi-location soil quality and crop biomass yield responses to hardwood fast pyrolysis biochar","volume":"289","author":"Laird","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2005.0383","article-title":"Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils","volume":"70","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8581","DOI":"10.1021\/es404250a","article-title":"Detecting free radicals in biochars and determining their ability to inhibit the germination and growth of corn, wheat and rice seedlings","volume":"48","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-013-1806-x","article-title":"Biochar's effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions-a meta-analysis of literature data","volume":"373","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.02.100","article-title":"Comparison of efficacies of peanut shell biochar and biochar-based compost on two leafy vegetable productivity in an infertile land","volume":"224","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)30045-X","article-title":"Biochar for sustainable soil health: a review of prospects and concerns","volume":"25","author":"Lone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1890\/04-1724","article-title":"Elevated CO2 stimulates net accumulations of carbon and nitrogen in land ecosystems: a meta-analysis","volume":"87","author":"Luo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2016.07.015","article-title":"Biochar addition reduced net N mineralization of a coastal wetland soil in the Yellow River Delta, China","volume":"282","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2016.06.004","article-title":"Effects of biochar on carbon mineralization of coastal wetland soils in the Yellow River Delta, China","volume":"94","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-016-1361-1","article-title":"Use of biochar-compost to improve properties and productivity of the degraded coastal soil in the Yellow River Delta, China","volume":"17","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-8142-7","article-title":"Quality improvement of acidic soils by biochar derived from renewable materials","volume":"24","author":"Moon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2011.04.021","article-title":"Surface chemistry variations among a series of laboratory-produced biochars","volume":"163","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.03.141","article-title":"Effects of biochar and other amendments on the physical properties and greenhouse gas emissions of an artificially degraded soil","volume":"487","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2016.11.004","article-title":"Effects of biochar on soil available inorganic nitrogen: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"288","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2009.10.014","article-title":"Short-term CO2 mineralization after additions of biochar and switchgrass to a Typic Kandiudult","volume":"154","author":"Novak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2015.08.002","article-title":"In situ effects of biochar on aggregation, water retention and porosity in light-textured tropical soils","volume":"155","author":"Obia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105172","article-title":"Occurrence, formation, environmental fate and risks of environmentally persistent free radicals in biochars","volume":"134","author":"Odinga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.03.170","article-title":"A review on biochar modulated soil condition improvements and nutrient dynamics concerning crop yields: pathways to climate change mitigation and global food security","volume":"227","author":"Purakayastha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0225","first-page":"12","article-title":"The role of fertilizer in growing the world\u2019s food","volume":"93","author":"Roberts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Better Crops Plant Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0230","author":"Rosenberg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.3079","article-title":"Rehabilitation of calcareous saline-sodic soil by means of biochars and acidified biochars","volume":"29","author":"Sadegh-Zadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2017.03.017","article-title":"Returning biochar to fields: a review","volume":"116","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.12.003","article-title":"Characterization and influence of biochars on nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soil","volume":"174","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.06.084","article-title":"Reduced nitrification and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in acidic soil amended with biochar","volume":"138","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.03.096","article-title":"Efficacies of biochar and biochar-based amendment on vegetable yield and nitrogen utilization in four consecutive planting seasons","volume":"593-594","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/ejss.12436","article-title":"Effects of adding biochar on the properties and nitrogen bioavailability of an acidic soil","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00374-014-0954-3","article-title":"Short-term effects of maize residue biochar on phosphorus availability in two soils with different phosphorus sorption capacities","volume":"51","author":"Zhai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Fertil. Soils"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.125699","article-title":"A comparative study of individual and co-application of biochar and wood vinegar on blueberry fruit yield and nutritional quality","volume":"246","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015","article-title":"Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures","volume":"256-257","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2013.04.018","article-title":"Impacts of adding biochar on nitrogen retention and bioavailability in agricultural soil","volume":"206","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.12.044","article-title":"Characteristics and nutrient values of biochars produced from giant reed at different temperatures","volume":"130","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12944","article-title":"Enhanced growth of halophyte plants in biochar-amended coastal soil: roles of nutrient availability and rhizosphere microbial modulation","volume":"41","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.08.166","article-title":"Biochar-induced negative carbon mineralization priming effects in a coastal wetland soil: roles of soil aggregation and microbial modulation","volume":"610","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720301455?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720301455?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T09:45:22Z","timestamp":1758707122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969720301455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S0048969720301455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Combined effects of biochar properties and soil conditions on plant growth: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136635","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"136635"}}