{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:24:09Z","timestamp":1792481049931,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,8]],"date-time":"2020-03-08T23:15:39Z","timestamp":1583709339000},"page":"137700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Responses of gaseous sulfuric acid and particulate sulfate to reduced SO2 concentration: A perspective from long-term measurements in Beijing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"721","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongrong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rujing","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runlong","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongsen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaspar","family":"D\u00e4llenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenjuan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueyun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongchun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Kulmala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiming","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingkun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-4-1471-2011","article-title":"A field-deployable, chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer","volume":"4","author":"Bertram","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos Meas Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1029\/1999GL011221","article-title":"New particle formation in the continental boundary layer: meteorological and gas phase parameter influence","volume":"27","author":"Birmili","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birmili, W., Berresheim, H., Plass-D\u00a81lmer, C., and Elste, T.: The Hohenpeissenberg aerosol formation experiment (HAFEX): A long-term study including size-resolved aerosol, H2SO4, OH, and monoterpenes measurements, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) & Discussions (ACPD), 2003.","DOI":"10.5194\/acpd-2-1655-2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12659","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12659-2017","article-title":"A new balance formula to estimate new particle formation rate: reevaluating the effect of coagulation scavenging","volume":"17","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2017.01.004","article-title":"A miniature cylindrical differential mobility analyzer for sub-3 nm particle sizing","volume":"106","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12327-2017","article-title":"Aerosol surface area concentration: a governing factor in new particle formation in Beijing","volume":"17","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-6125-2019","article-title":"Dominant role of emission reduction in PM2.5 air quality improvement in Beijing during 2013-2017: a model-based decomposition analysis","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1601530","article-title":"Reactive nitrogen chemistry in aerosol water as a source of sulfate during haze events in China","volume":"2","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-115-2019","article-title":"Atmospheric new particle formation in China","volume":"19","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6227","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-6227-2017","article-title":"Long-term analysis of clear-sky new particle formation events and nonevents in Hyyti\u00e4l\u00e4","volume":"17","author":"Dada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0055","series-title":"Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric Modeling","first-page":"94","author":"DeMore","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4157","article-title":"Estimated contributions of emissions controls, meteorological factors, population growth, and changes in baseline mortality to reductions in ambient PM2.5 and PM2.5-related mortality in China, 2013-2017","volume":"127","author":"Ding","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9001","DOI":"10.1029\/93JD00031","article-title":"Measurement of the gas-phas concentration of H2SO4 and methane sulfonic-acid and estimates of H2SO4 production and loss in the atmosphere","volume":"98","author":"Eisele","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0070","series-title":"Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere\u202f: Theory, Experiments and Applications","author":"Finlayson-Pitts","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.7b00143","article-title":"Increasing ammonia concentrations reduce the effectiveness of particle pollution control achieved via SO2 and NO X emissions reduction in east China","volume":"4","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Tech Let"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2019.1608354","article-title":"Theoretical and experimental analysis of the core sampling method: reducing diffusional losses in aerosol sampling line","volume":"53","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"12109","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0085","article-title":"High levels of ammonia do not raise fine particle pH sufficiently to yield nitrogen oxide-dominated sulfate production","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17373","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1419604111","article-title":"Elucidating severe urban haze formation in China","volume":"111","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-10-1071-2010","article-title":"Changes in the production rate of secondary aerosol particles in Central Europe in view of decreasing SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions between 1996 and 2006","volume":"10","author":"Hamed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4959","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(01)00301-6","article-title":"The characteristics of PM2. 5 in Beijing, China","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2001","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(98)00123-X","article-title":"Trends in atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen species in the eastern United States for 1989-1995","volume":"33","author":"Holland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13774","article-title":"High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China","volume":"514","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0115","first-page":"481","article-title":"A comparison of new particle formation events in the boundary layer at three different sites in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Jaatinen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Boreal Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8825","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-8825-2017","article-title":"Observations of particles at their formation sizes in Beijing, China","volume":"17","author":"Jayaratne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2010.547538","article-title":"Electrical mobility spectrometer using a diethylene glycol condensation particle counter for measurement of aerosol size distributions down to 1 nm","volume":"45","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2014.04.0070","article-title":"Particulate matter distributions in China during a winter period with frequent pollution episodes (January 2013)","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aerosol Air Qual. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4117","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-12-4117-2012","article-title":"Atmospheric sulphuric acid and neutral cluster measurements using CI-APi-TOF","volume":"12","author":"Jokinen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aadf3c","article-title":"Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: review of field observations","volume":"13","author":"Kerminen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2007JD009253","article-title":"Dependence of nucleation rates on sulfuric acid vapor concentration in diverse atmospheric locations","volume":"113","author":"Kuang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3402\/tellusb.v53i4.16622","article-title":"On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles","volume":"53","author":"Kulmala","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tellus B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6375","DOI":"10.1021\/jp212123n","article-title":"Calibration of a chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the measurement of gaseous sulfuric acid","volume":"116","author":"K\u00fcrten","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12793","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-12793-2016","article-title":"Observation of new particle formation and measurement of sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines and highly oxidized organic molecules at a rural site in central Germany","volume":"16","author":"K\u00fcrten","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4383","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-4383-2014","article-title":"Trends in new particle formation in eastern Lapland, Finland: effect of decreasing sulfur emissions from Kola Peninsula","volume":"14","author":"Kyro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6733","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-6733-2018","article-title":"Synoptic meteorological modes of variability for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality in major metropolitan regions of China","volume":"18","author":"Leung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11485","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11485-2019","article-title":"Rapid transition in winter aerosol composition in Beijing from 2014 to 2017: response to clean air actions","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1812168116","article-title":"Anthropogenic drivers of 2013-2017 trends in summer surface ozone in China","volume":"116","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s11783-014-0754-x","article-title":"A spectrometer for measuring particle size distributions in the range of 3 nm to 10 \u03bcm","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-1971-2019","article-title":"A proxy for atmospheric daytime gaseous sulfuric acid concentration in urban Beijing","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.10.103","article-title":"NOx promotion of SO2 conversion to sulfate: an important mechanism for the occurrence of heavy haze during winter in Beijing","volume":"233","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2006GL028668","article-title":"Regional and global trends in sulfate aerosol since the 1980s","volume":"34","author":"Manktelow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2011.620041","article-title":"Evaluation of composition-dependent collection efficiencies for the aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer using field data","volume":"46","author":"Middlebrook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11319","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-11319-2011","article-title":"A statistical proxy for sulphuric acid concentration","volume":"11","author":"Mikkonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11969","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL079309","article-title":"Contribution of hydroxymethane sulfonate to ambient particulate matter: a potential explanation for high particulate sulfur during severe winter haze in Beijing","volume":"45","author":"Moch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2011.560211","article-title":"An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) for routine monitoring of the composition and mass concentrations of ambient aerosol","volume":"45","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13514","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1510743112","article-title":"The future of airborne sulfur-containing particles in the absence of fossil fuel sulfur dioxide emissions","volume":"112","author":"Perraud","year":"2015","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7435","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-7435-2009","article-title":"Sulfuric acid and OH concentrations in a boreal forest site","volume":"9","author":"Petaja","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-8502(98)00776-9","article-title":"Formation of sulphuric acid aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei: an expression for significant nucleation and model comparison","volume":"30","author":"Pirjola","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04924","article-title":"Strong correlation between levels of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals and solar ultraviolet radiation","volume":"442","author":"Rohrer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6798","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b00910","article-title":"Reduced ultrafine particle concentration in urban air: changes in nucleation and anthropogenic emissions","volume":"52","author":"Saha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0245","series-title":"Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric Modeling, in","author":"Sander","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.11.036","article-title":"Potential impacts of two SO2 oxidation pathways on regional sulfate concentrations: aqueous-phase oxidation by NO2 and gas-phase oxidation by stabilized Criegee intermediates","volume":"68","author":"Sarwar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0255","series-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics - From Air Pollution to Climate Change","author":"Seinfeld","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6107","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-6107-2019","article-title":"Heterogeneous sulfate aerosol formation mechanisms during wintertime Chinese haze events: air quality model assessment using observations of sulfate oxygen isotopes in Beijing","volume":"19","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2018.06.038","article-title":"Characterizing remarkable changes of severe haze events and chemical compositions in multi-size airborne particles (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 ) from January 2013 to 2016-2017 winter in Beijing, China","volume":"189","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-1565-2011","article-title":"First long-term study of particle number size distributions and new particle formation events of regional aerosol in the North China Plain","volume":"11","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-1357-2019","article-title":"Possible heterogeneous chemistry of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in northern China winter haze","volume":"19","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.9b00621","article-title":"Thermodynamic modeling suggests declines in water uptake and acidity of inorganic aerosols in Beijing winter haze events during 2014\/2015-2018\/2019","volume":"6","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Tech Let"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb8000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD010894","article-title":"Characteristics of aerosol size distributions and new particle formation in the summer in Beijing","volume":"114","author":"Yue","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Geophys Res-Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13630","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1616540113","article-title":"Persistent sulfate formation from London fog to Chinese haze","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.027","article-title":"Particulate matter pollution over China and the effects of control policies","volume":"584","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9293","DOI":"10.1021\/es2022347","article-title":"Impact assessment of ammonia emissions on inorganic aerosols in East China using response surface modeling technique","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2018.11.002","article-title":"A monitoring-modeling approach to SO42- and NO3- secondary conversion ratio estimation during haze periods in Beijing, China","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. (China)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12663","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-12663-2011","article-title":"Evaluation on the role of sulfuric acid in the mechanisms of new particle formation for Beijing case","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11157","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-11157-2013","article-title":"The simulations of sulfuric acid concentration and new particle formation in an urban atmosphere in China","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12495","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-12495-2013","article-title":"Characteristics of regional new particle formation in urban and regional background environments in the North China Plain","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1029\/1998GL900308","article-title":"New particle formation in the remote troposphere: a comparison of observations at various sites","volume":"26","author":"Weber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD007406","article-title":"New particle formation in Beijing, China: statistical analysis of a 1-year data set","volume":"112","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.04.013","article-title":"Benefits of China\u2019s efforts in gaseous pollutant control indicated by the bottom-up emissions and satellite observations 2000\u20132014","volume":"136","author":"Xia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.262","article-title":"Air pollution reduction in China: recent success but great challenge for the future","volume":"663","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11031","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11031-2019","article-title":"Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) trends in China, 2013\u20132018: separating contributions from anthropogenic emissions and meteorology","volume":"19","author":"Zhai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1021\/cr2001756","article-title":"Nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in the atmosphere","volume":"112","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3803","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00067","article-title":"Formation of urban fine particulate matter","volume":"115","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.04.004","article-title":"Parameterization of heterogeneous reaction of SO2 to sulfate on dust with coexistence of NH3 and NO2 under different humidity conditions","volume":"208","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12031","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-12031-2017","article-title":"A modeling study of the nonlinear response of fine particles to air pollutant emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12401","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1812955115","article-title":"Change in household fuels dominates the decrease in PM2.5 exposure and premature mortality in China in 2005-2015","volume":"115","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-14095-2018","article-title":"Trends in China\u2019s anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence of clean air actions","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4632","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05593","article-title":"Episode-based evolution pattern analysis of haze pollution: method development and results from Beijing, China","volume":"50","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2969","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-2969-2015","article-title":"Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing: the impact of synoptic weather, regional transport and heterogeneous reactions","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105111","article-title":"Transition in source contributions of PM2.5 exposure and associated premature mortality in China during 2005-2015","volume":"132","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7302","DOI":"10.1021\/ac101253n","article-title":"Atmospheric pressure-ion drift chemical ionization mass spectrometry for detection of trace gas species","volume":"82","author":"Zheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7755","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-7755-2011","article-title":"Measurements of gaseous H2SO4 by AP-ID-CIMS during CAREBeijing 2008 campaign","volume":"11","author":"Zheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.08.028","article-title":"Development of a new corona discharge based ion source for high resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer to measure gaseous H2SO4 and aerosol sulfate","volume":"119","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720312110?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720312110?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:06:30Z","timestamp":1758708390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969720312110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0048969720312110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Responses of gaseous sulfuric acid and particulate sulfate to reduced SO2 concentration: A perspective from long-term measurements in Beijing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137700","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"137700"}}