{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:46:58Z","timestamp":1790189218869,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T21:08:15Z","timestamp":1595538495000},"page":"141219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants: Bio-removal of heavy-metals and pharmaceuticals by Azolla filiculoides and Lemna minuta"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"746","author":[{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Biancalani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Berardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Antal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Fibbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4760-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Coppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lastrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Bussotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9901-2164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Colzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lapo","family":"Renai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Scordo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6326-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Del Bubba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Gonnelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1080\/09593330.2011.640354","article-title":"Phytoremediation of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by two aquatic macrophytes, Ceratophyllum demersum and Lemna gibba L","volume":"33","author":"Abdallah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.08.061","article-title":"Monitoring release of pharmaceutical compounds: occurrence and environmental risk assessment of two WWTP effluents and their receiving bodies in the Po Valley, Italy","volume":"438","author":"Al Aukidy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.01.075","article-title":"Phytoremediation of heavy metals\u2014concepts and applications","volume":"91","author":"Ali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.002","article-title":"Evaluation of pharmaceutical toxic effects of non-standard endpoints on the macrophyte species Lemna minor and Lemna gibba","volume":"657","author":"Alkimin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108609","article-title":"Effects of diclofenac and salicylic acid exposure on Lemna minor: is time a factor?","volume":"177","author":"Alkimin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23595","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-2629-3","article-title":"Wetlands for wastewater treatment and subsequent recycling of treated effluent: a review","volume":"25","author":"Almuktar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-005-9000-9","article-title":"Tolerance and phytoaccumulation of chromium by three Azolla species","volume":"22","author":"Arora","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0040","first-page":"57","article-title":"Tol\u00e9rance et accumulation du cuivre et du chrome chez deux esp\u00e8ces de lentilles d\u2019eau: Lemna minor L. et Lemna gibba L. Revue des sciences de l\u2019eau","volume":"19","author":"Ater","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Water Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2003.11.015","article-title":"The ability of Azolla caroliniana to remove heavy metals (Hg (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI)) from municipal waste water","volume":"55","author":"Bennicelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-019-04077-y","article-title":"Unravelling soil and plant metal relationships in Albanian nickel hyperaccumulators in the genus Odontarrhena (syn. Alyssum sect. Odontarrhena, Brassicaceae)","volume":"440","author":"Bettarini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2012.04.009","article-title":"Phytoremediation of the coalmine effluent","volume":"81","author":"Bharti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.02.064","article-title":"Giving waterbodies the treatment they need: a critical review of the application of constructed floating wetlands","volume":"238","author":"Bi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.05.030","article-title":"Pilot study of seasonal occurrence and distribution of antibiotics and drug resistant bacteria in wastewater treatment plants in Slovakia","volume":"490","author":"Biro\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1897\/02-576","article-title":"Effects of 25 pharmaceutical compounds to Lemna gibba using a seven-day static-renewal test","volume":"23","author":"Brain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0075","series-title":"Twort\u2019s Water Supply","author":"Brandt","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11729","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2550-3","article-title":"A review of plant\u2013pharmaceutical interactions: from uptake and effects in crop plants to phytoremediation in constructed wetlands","volume":"21","author":"Carvalho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2011.126","article-title":"Influent concentrations and removal performances of metals through municipal wastewater treatment processes","volume":"63","author":"Choubert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.03.036","article-title":"The risks associated with wastewater reuse and xenobiotics in the agroecological environment","volume":"409","author":"Fatta-Kassinos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.10.089","article-title":"Distribution and mass balance of hexavalent and trivalent chromium in a subsurface, horizontal flow (SF-h) constructed wetland operating as post-treatment of textile wastewater for water reuse","volume":"199-200","author":"Fibbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/02757540.2017.1393534","article-title":"Bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated medium using Lemna minor, Daphnia magna and their consortium","volume":"34","author":"Fikirde\u015fici-Ergen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-014-0632-x","article-title":"The influence of Lemna sp. and Spirogyra sp. on the removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in treated wastewaters","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.03.132","article-title":"Seasonal changes in antibiotics, antidepressants\/psychiatric drugs, antihistamines and lipid regulators in a wastewater treatment plant","volume":"111","author":"Golovko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3910","DOI":"10.3390\/su10113910","article-title":"Sustainable management and successful application of constructed wetlands: a critical review","volume":"10","author":"Gorgoglione","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0120","first-page":"373","article-title":"Potential of Lemna minor in Ni and Cr removal from aqueous solution","volume":"1","author":"Goswami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.04.117","article-title":"A review on cleaner strategies for chromium industrial wastewater: present research and future perspective","volume":"228","author":"Grace Pavithra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2016.01.077","article-title":"Determination of androgens and progestogens in environmental and biological samples using fabric phase sorptive extraction coupled to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"1437","author":"Guedes-Alonso","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0135","series-title":"Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Volume 41","volume":"vol 41","author":"Hester","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2007.11.016","article-title":"Mechanisms of formation of iron precipitates from ferrous solutions at high and low pH","volume":"63","author":"Hove","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.02.005","article-title":"Fate of antimicrobials in duckweed Lemna minor wastewater treatment systems","volume":"330","author":"Iatrou","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.09.057","article-title":"Possible ecological risk of two pharmaceuticals diclofenac and paracetamol demonstrated on a model plant Lemna minor","volume":"302","author":"Kummerov\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.09.014","article-title":"Diclofenac and its transformation products: environmental occurrence and toxicity-a review","volume":"96","author":"Lonappan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2017.11.086","article-title":"The role of constructed wetlands in a new circular economy, resource oriented, and ecosystem services paradigm","volume":"216","author":"Masi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.04.004","article-title":"Evaluation of aquatic plants for removing polar microcontaminants: a microcosm experiment","volume":"88","author":"Matamoros","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0170","first-page":"1","article-title":"Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products using constructed wetlands: effective plant-bacteria synergism may enhance degradation efficiency","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3846(200205)22:1\/2<121::AID-ABIO121>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"The effect of both different light conditions and the pH value on the capacity of Salvinia minima Baker for removing cadmium, lead and chromium","volume":"22","author":"Olgu\u00edn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-017-1368-1","article-title":"Simultaneous phytoremediation of chromium and phenol by Lemna minuta Kunth: a promising biotechnological tool","volume":"15","author":"Paisio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquabot.2018.01.002","article-title":"The invasive duckweed Lemna minuta Kunth displays a different light utilisation strategy than native Lemna minor Linnaeus","volume":"146","author":"Paolacci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquat. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2009.10.014","article-title":"Ecotoxicological effects of aluminum and zinc on growth and antioxidants in Lemna minor L","volume":"73","author":"Radi\u0107","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.02.064","article-title":"Temporal evolution in PPCP removal from urban wastewater by constructed wetlands of different configuration: a medium-term study","volume":"88","author":"Reyes-Contreras","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2016.06.023","volume":"935","author":"Rossini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.08.008","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of most prescribed antibiotics in multiple urban wastewater by SPE-LC\u2013MS\/MS","volume":"969","author":"Rossmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2019.103241","article-title":"Microwave assisted extraction for the determination of antineoplastic compounds in marine fish","volume":"82","author":"Santana-Viera","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0215","first-page":"134057","article-title":"Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota-a review","author":"Sathishkumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0220","series-title":"Green Chemistry","first-page":"261","article-title":"Water contamination and pollution","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2012.03.003","article-title":"Heavy metal removal in duckweed and algae ponds as a polishing step for textile wastewater treatment","volume":"44","author":"Sekomo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1987.0194","article-title":"Studies of uptake and toxic effects of Cr (VI) on Pistia stratiotes","volume":"19","author":"Sen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-3635-8","article-title":"Phytoremediation: role of terrestrial plants and aquatic macrophytes in the remediation of radionuclides and heavy metal contaminated soil and water","volume":"22","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1080\/15226514.2016.1193471","article-title":"A microcosm investigation of fe (iron) removal using macrophytes of ramsar lake: a phytoremediation approach","volume":"18","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Phytoremediation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-011-0159-z","article-title":"Phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophyte, Azolla","volume":"41","author":"Sood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1080\/11263504.2010.509944","article-title":"Phytoremediation of hazardous toxic metals and organics by photosynthetic aquatic systems","volume":"145","author":"Tel-Or","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Biosyst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0255","series-title":"National Report on Medicines Use in Italy. Year 2018","author":"The Medicines Utilisation Monitoring Centre","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0260","series-title":"EPA Method 3015A Microwave Assisted Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts, Revision 1","author":"US EPA","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-017-2266-4","article-title":"Toxicity of Diclofenac in the Fern Azolla filiculoides and the Lichen Xanthoria parietina","volume":"100","author":"Vannini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111197","article-title":"A review on heavy metal pollution, toxicity and remedial measures: current trends and future perspectives","author":"Vardhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Liq."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.03.069","article-title":"Multi-residue analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater by liquid chromatography\u2013magnetic sector mass spectrometry: method quality assessment and application in a Belgian case study","volume":"119","author":"Vergeynst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.10.085","article-title":"How efficient are constructed wetlands in removing pharmaceuticals from untreated and treated urban wastewaters? A review","volume":"470","author":"Verlicchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0285","series-title":"Antimicrobial Medicines Consumption (AMC) Network. AMC Data 2011\u20132014","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2017.04.012","article-title":"Biodegradation and metabolic fate of levofloxacin via a freshwater green alga, Scenedesmus obliquus in synthetic saline wastewater","volume":"25","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Algal Res."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720347483?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969720347483?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:00:38Z","timestamp":1786024838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969720347483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S0048969720347483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants: Bio-removal of heavy-metals and pharmaceuticals by Azolla filiculoides and Lemna minuta","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141219","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"141219"}}