{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T15:02:02Z","timestamp":1775746922413,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":120,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"ISCIII","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013816","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya DIUE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013816","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008666","name":"Fundacio la Marato de TV3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008666","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012513","name":"CIBER","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012513","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001649","name":"European Geosciences Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001649","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008062","name":"Alicia Koplowitz Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T16:39:22Z","timestamp":1616258362000},"page":"146654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pre and postnatal exposure to mercury and respiratory health in preschool children from the Spanish INMA Birth Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"782","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Carrasco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Estarlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"I\u00f1iguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amparo","family":"Ferrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Esplugues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Vioque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loreto Santa","family":"Marina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Zabaleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gorka","family":"Iriarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Somoano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adonina","family":"Tardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Vrijheid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Sunyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferran","family":"Ballester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Llop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.12.940","article-title":"Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL): introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes","volume":"139","author":"Anto","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.08.023","article-title":"Maternal and fetal exposure to cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury: the MIREC study","volume":"163","author":"Arbuckle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500311","article-title":"Temporal error in biomarker-based mean exposure estimates for individuals","volume":"14","author":"Bartell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/152873902753396794","article-title":"Cord blood lymphocyte functions in newborns from a remote maritime population exposed to organochlorines and methylmercury","volume":"65","author":"Belles-Isles","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-004-0056-7","article-title":"Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of asthma","volume":"4","author":"Bowler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2017.1289834","article-title":"Biomarkers of mercury toxicity: past, present, and future trends","volume":"20","author":"Branco","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Heal. Part B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0035","first-page":"406","article-title":"Anthropometric growth patterns of preterm and full-term newborns (24\u201342 weeks\u2019 gestational age) at the Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d\u2019Hebron (Barcelona) (1997\u20132002)","volume":"60","author":"Carrascosa","year":"2004","journal-title":"An. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.10.029","article-title":"Fish consumption patterns and hair mercury levels in children and their mothers in 17 EU countries","volume":"141","author":"Casta\u00f1o","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2008.01.016","article-title":"Human developmental neurotoxicity of methylmercury: impact of variables and risk modifiers","volume":"51","author":"Castoldi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0050","first-page":"29","article-title":"The influence of nutrition on methyl mercury intoxication","volume":"108","author":"Chapman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2013.06.004","article-title":"Health effects in the Flemish population in relation to low levels of mercury exposure: from organ to transcriptome level","volume":"217","author":"Croes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1080\/15476910802483324","article-title":"Developmental immunotoxicology (DIT): windows of vulnerability, immune dysfunction and safety assessment","volume":"5","author":"Dietert","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1021\/tx800198m","article-title":"Developmental immunotoxicology: focus on health risks","volume":"22","author":"Dietert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0070","first-page":"350","article-title":"Proposal for a social class measure","volume":"25","author":"Domingo-Salvany","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.01.026","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to mercury in relation to infant infections and respiratory symptoms in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study","volume":"171","author":"Emeny","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-013-9561-8","article-title":"Serum myeloperoxidase activity, total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide levels in patients with chronic otitis media","volume":"246","author":"Gar\u00e7a","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Membr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2010.06.015","article-title":"Differential immunotoxic effects of inorganic and organic mercury species in vitro","volume":"198","author":"Gardner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3638-3","article-title":"Use of proficiency testing materials for the calculation of detection and quantification limits in the analysis of organochlorine compounds in human serum","volume":"397","author":"Gar\u00ed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2012.11.005","article-title":"Effects of persistent organic pollutants on the developing respiratory and immune systems: a systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Gascon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31575-6","article-title":"Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20474","article-title":"Total imprecision of exposure biomarkers: implications for calculating exposure limits","volume":"50","author":"Grandjean","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70278-3","article-title":"Neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity","volume":"13","author":"Grandjean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002289","article-title":"Allergy and sensitization during childhood associated with prenatal and lactational exposure to marine pollutants","volume":"118","author":"Grandjean","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3460-y","article-title":"Integrated analysis of halogenated organic pollutants in sub-millilitre volumes of venous and umbilical cord blood sera","volume":"396","author":"Grimalt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr054","article-title":"Cohort profile: the INMA\u2013INfancia y Medio Ambiente\u2013(environment and childhood) project","volume":"41","author":"Guxens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000576","article-title":"Brief report: low-level mercury exposure and risk of asthma in school-age children","volume":"28","author":"Heinrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0135","first-page":"230","article-title":"Fish consumption, fish atopy and related heavy metals in childhood eczema","volume":"11","author":"Hon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran. J. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9040341","article-title":"Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on risk of asthma, wheezing and immune responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Hosseini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31827623b1","article-title":"Loss to follow-up in cohort studies: bias in estimates of socioeconomic inequalities","volume":"24","author":"Howe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.05.042","article-title":"Risk of developing asthma in young children with atopic eczema: a systematic review","volume":"120","author":"van der Hulst","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2721469","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2721469","article-title":"Oxidative stress in atopic dermatitis","volume":"2016","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12939","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes in asthma during childhood","volume":"47","author":"Just","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2007.01.011","article-title":"Environmental factors and developmental outcomes in the lung","volume":"114","author":"Kajekar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104494","article-title":"Evidence on the human health effects of low-level methylmercury exposure","volume":"120","author":"Karagas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000351","article-title":"Low-level mercury exposure and risk of asthma in school-age children","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0180","first-page":"38","article-title":"Air pollution during pregnancy and lung development in the child","volume":"21","author":"Korten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr. Respir. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr328","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to mercury and infant neurodevelopment in a multicenter cohort in Spain: study of potential modifiers","volume":"175","author":"Llop","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.04.015","article-title":"Gender differences in the neurotoxicity of metals in children","volume":"311","author":"Llop","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.03.023","article-title":"Exposure to mercury among Spanish preschool children: trend from birth to age four","volume":"132","author":"Llop","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-020-00620-9","article-title":"Postnatal exposure to mercury and neuropsychological development among preschooler children","volume":"35","author":"Llop","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070784","article-title":"Can early Omega-3 fatty acid exposure reduce risk of childhood allergic disease?","volume":"9","author":"Miles","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.07.003","article-title":"Lack of association of mercury with risk of wheeze and eczema in Japanese children: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study","volume":"111","author":"Miyake","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036226","article-title":"Burden of disease caused by otitis media: systematic review and global estimates","volume":"7","author":"Monasta","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e913","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3289","article-title":"Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in pregnancy and infant neuropsychological development","volume":"130","author":"Morales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0225","series-title":"Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury","author":"National Research Council","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.02.010","article-title":"Fetal and maternal immune responses to methylmercury exposure: a cross-sectional study","volume":"111","author":"Nyland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8041","article-title":"Maternal fish consumption, hair mercury, and infant cognition in a U.S. cohort","volume":"113","author":"Oken","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.23818\/limn.24.21","article-title":"Interaction between cadmium and mercury accumulation by Daphnia magna Straus (Crustacea, Branchiopoda)","volume":"24","author":"Oliva Teles","year":"2005","journal-title":"Limnetica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu163","article-title":"Autoantibodies associated with prenatal and childhood exposure to environmental chemicals in Faroese children","volume":"142","author":"Osuna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.08.001","article-title":"Children\u2019s white blood cell counts in relation to developmental exposures to methylmercury and persistent organic pollutants","volume":"68","author":"Oulhote","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12889","article-title":"The role of fish intake on asthma in children: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"29","author":"Papamichael","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.070169","article-title":"Worldwide trends in the prevalence of asthma symptoms: phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)","volume":"62","author":"Pearce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200310-1348OC","article-title":"A prospective study of Fel d1 and Der p1 exposure in infancy and childhood wheezing","volume":"170","author":"Polk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0270","series-title":"Preventing Disease Through Healthy Environments: A Global Assessment of the Burden of Disease from Environmental Risks","author":"Pr\u00fcss-Ust\u00fcn","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.12.004","article-title":"Prenatal mercury exposure in a multicenter cohort study in Spain","volume":"37","author":"Ramon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2010.03.010","article-title":"Serum heavy metal and antioxidant element levels of children with recurrent wheezing","volume":"39","author":"Razi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2010.11.004","article-title":"Relationship between hair cadmium levels, indoor ETS exposure and wheezing frequency in children","volume":"40","author":"Razi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2003.08.013","article-title":"The US EPA reference dose for methylmercury: sources of uncertainty","volume":"95","author":"Rice","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318595","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/318595","article-title":"Vitamin D, essential minerals, and toxic elements: exploring interactions between nutrients and toxicants in clinical medicine","volume":"2015","author":"Schwalfenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00117803","article-title":"Umbilical cord trace elements and minerals and risk of early childhood wheezing and eczema","volume":"24","author":"Shaheen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.12.016","article-title":"An overview of worldwide and regional time trends in total mercury levels in human blood and breast milk from 1966 to 2015 and their associations with health effects","volume":"125","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.05.030","article-title":"Impact of phytochemical-rich foods on bioaccessibility of mercury from fish","volume":"112","author":"Shim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3109\/08923970009016432","article-title":"Mercury exposure and murine response to Plasmodium yoelii infection and immunization","volume":"22","author":"Silbergeld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(02)00320-3","article-title":"Cognitive development in preschool children prenatally exposed to PCBs and MeHg","volume":"25","author":"Stewart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx007","article-title":"Fish and seafood consumption during pregnancy and the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood: a pooled analysis of 18 European and US birth cohorts","volume":"46","author":"Stratakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh037","article-title":"Nitrogen dioxide is not associated with respiratory infection during the first year of life","volume":"33","author":"Sunyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0335","author":"United Nations"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00150","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00150-2016","article-title":"Variations in the prevalence of childhood asthma and wheeze in MeDALL cohorts in Europe","volume":"3","author":"Uphoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1443.022","article-title":"Immunology of mercury","volume":"1143","author":"Vas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-12-26","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire among pregnant women in a Mediterranean area","volume":"12","author":"Vioque","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167338","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of a Food Frequency Questionnaire designed to assess diet in children aged 4\u20135 years","volume":"11","author":"Vioque","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.04.011","article-title":"Body burden of mercury is associated with acute atopic eczema and total IgE in children from southern Germany","volume":"114","author":"Weidinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114086","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire","volume":"122","author":"Willett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.004","article-title":"Environmental toxicants and the developing immune system: a missing link in the global battle against infectious disease?","volume":"31","author":"Winans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2009.03.015","article-title":"Dietary factors lead to innate immune activation in asthma","volume":"123","author":"Wood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0380","series-title":"Methods and development","article-title":"WHO child growth standards","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2010.09.004","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to lead and cognitive deficit in 7- and 14-year-old children in the presence of concomitant exposure to similar molar concentration of methylmercury","volume":"33","author":"Yorifuji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721017228?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721017228?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:14:46Z","timestamp":1758716086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969721017228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S0048969721017228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pre and postnatal exposure to mercury and respiratory health in preschool children from the Spanish INMA Birth Cohort Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146654","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"146654"}}