{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T17:51:10Z","timestamp":1784397070178,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013093","name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20150629144818001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20150629144818001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013093","name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20200109140616774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20200109140616774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51579003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51579003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51879003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51879003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]],"date-time":"2021-06-05T02:00:21Z","timestamp":1622858421000},"page":"148298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"special_numbering":"C","title":["First insight into the occurrence, spatial distribution, sources, and risks assessment of antibiotics in groundwater from major urban-rural settings of Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"791","author":[{"given":"Syeda Maria","family":"Zainab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Junaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Yasir Abdur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linxia","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riffat Naseem","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.10.029","article-title":"Ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the receiving environment of pharmaceutical wastewater in Pakistan","volume":"136","author":"Ashfaq","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2010.12.010","article-title":"Occurrence of steroid hormones and antibiotics in shallow groundwater impacted by livestock waste control facilities","volume":"123","author":"Bartelt-Hunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Contam. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batt AL, Snow DD, Aga DS. Occurrence of sulfonamide antimicrobials in private water wells in Washington County, Idaho, USA. Chemosphere 2006; 64: 1963\u20131971.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.01.029"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.11.070","article-title":"Effects of agricultural conditions on the leaching behaviour of veterinary antibiotics in soils","volume":"75","author":"Blackwell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0025","series-title":"Review of Veterinary Medicines in the Environment","author":"Boxall","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.012","article-title":"Towards the understanding of antibiotic occurrence and transport in groundwater: findings from the Baix Fluvi\u00e0 alluvial aquifer (NE Catalonia, Spain)","volume":"612","author":"Boy-Roura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.032","article-title":"Monitoring the occurrence of emerging contaminants in treated wastewater and groundwater between 2008 and 2010. The Baix Llobregat (Barcelona, Spain)","volume":"239","author":"Cabeza","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.06.025","article-title":"Antibiotics in the aquatic environments: a review of the European scenario","volume":"94","author":"Carvalho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.12596","article-title":"Presence of antibiotics in shallow groundwater in the northern and southwestern regions of China","volume":"56","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Groundwater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7908183","article-title":"Drinking water quality status and contamination in Pakistan","volume":"2017","author":"Daud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2016.12.004","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment","volume":"3","author":"Ebele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0060","first-page":"6","article-title":"Addressing water pollution as a means to achieving the sustainable development goals","volume":"1","author":"Ezbakhe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Water Pollut. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2522","DOI":"10.1897\/09-073.1","article-title":"Contamination of surface, ground, and drinking water from pharmaceutical production","volume":"28","author":"Fick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.05.053","article-title":"Occurrence and concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds in groundwater used for public drinking-water supply in California","volume":"409","author":"Fram","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105484","article-title":"Swine farming elevated the proliferation of Acinetobacter with the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in the groundwater","volume":"136","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-4367-3","article-title":"Application of fully automated online solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of sulfonamides and their acetylated metabolites in groundwater","volume":"399","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gal\u00e1n","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2017.02.006","article-title":"Ecological effects of antibiotics on natural ecosystems: a review","volume":"136","author":"Grenni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00337-4","article-title":"Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment","volume":"225","author":"Hirsch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/61229","article-title":"Estimation of residual antibiotics in pharmaceutical effluents and their fate in affected areas","volume":"25","author":"Hussain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol. J. Environ. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3103\/S1063455X1701009X","article-title":"Estimation of residual antibiotics in soil and underground water of areas affected by pharmaceutical wastewater in Lahore","volume":"39","author":"Hussain","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Water Chem. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.508","article-title":"Occurrence and source apportionment of sulfonamides and their metabolites in Liaodong Bay and the adjacent Liao River Basin, North China","volume":"30","author":"Jia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0110","article-title":"Source apportionment and risk assessment of emerging contaminants: an approach of pharmaco-signature in water systems","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09075-7","article-title":"Potential health risk of heavy metals in the leather manufacturing industries in Sialkot, Pakistan","volume":"7","author":"Junaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.270","article-title":"Occurrence, fate and environmental risk assessment of the organic microcontaminants included in the Watch Lists set by EU Decisions 2015\/495 and 2018\/840 in the groundwater of Spain","volume":"663","author":"Jurado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0125","first-page":"8","article-title":"Occurrence and abundance of antibiotics and resistance genes in rivers, canal and near drug formulation facilities\u2013a study in Pakistan","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.258","article-title":"Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceutical and personal care products, artificial sweeteners, and pesticides in groundwater from an agricultural area in Korea","volume":"659","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0135","series-title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Antibiotic Usage among University Students from Karachi, Pakistan","author":"Limaye","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-015-4497-3","article-title":"Occurrence of pharmaceuticals, hormones, and perfluorinated compounds in groundwater in Taiwan","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4640","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010514w","article-title":"Analysis of trace levels of sulfonamide and tetracycline antimicrobials in groundwater and surface water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry","volume":"73","author":"Lindsey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.12.005","article-title":"Occurrence and fate of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in typical urban water of Beijing, China","volume":"246","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-0877-5","article-title":"Anti-HIV agent azidothymidine decreases Tet (X)-mediated bacterial resistance to tigecycline in Escherichia coli","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.01.110","article-title":"Screening of French groundwater for regulated and emerging contaminants","volume":"518","author":"Lopez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.11.022","article-title":"Occurrence of 95 pharmaceuticals and transformation products in urban groundwaters underlying the metropolis of Barcelona, Spain","volume":"174","author":"L\u00f3pez-Serna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3216","article-title":"Pharmaceutical occurrence in groundwater and surface waters in forests land-applied with municipal wastewater","volume":"35","author":"McEachran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.10.014","article-title":"Occurrence and dynamics of micropollutants in a karst aquifer","volume":"173","author":"Morasch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7723","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2702-5","article-title":"Risk assessment of antibiotic residues in different water matrices in India: key issues and challenges","volume":"21","author":"Mutiyar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb3185","author":"PCRWR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134552","article-title":"Ecological and human health risk of sulfonamides in surface water and groundwater of Huixian karst wetland in Guilin, China","volume":"708","author":"Qin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2017.1400852","article-title":"Groundwater status in Pakistan: a review of contamination, health risks, and potential needs","volume":"47","author":"Raza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.02.036","article-title":"Global risk of pharmaceutical contamination from highly populated developing countries","volume":"138","author":"Rehman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.03.002","article-title":"Industrial release of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in the waste water bodies with their associated ecological risk in Pakistan","volume":"52","author":"Riaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2018.01.008","article-title":"Monitoring emerging contaminants in the drinking water of Milan and assessment of the human risk","volume":"221","author":"Riva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)01266-3","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals in groundwaters: analytical methods and results of a monitoring program in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany","volume":"938","author":"Sacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-015-1697-7","article-title":"Use of geographic information system and water quality index to assess groundwater quality in Rawalpindi and Islamabad","volume":"40","author":"Shabbir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arab. J. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.235","article-title":"Health and ecological risk assessment of emerging contaminants (pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and artificial sweeteners) in surface and groundwater (drinking water) in the Ganges River Basin, India","volume":"646","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2010.0535","article-title":"Effects of pH and manure on transport of sulfonamide antibiotics in soil","volume":"40","author":"Strauss","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2015.07.001","article-title":"Occurrence, sources and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the groundwater: a review","volume":"1","author":"Sui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.107","article-title":"Investigating antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes, and microbial contaminants in groundwater in relation to the proximity of urban areas","volume":"236","author":"Szekeres","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105008","article-title":"Developmental dynamics of antibiotic resistome in aerobic biofilm microbiota treating wastewater under stepwise increasing tigecycline concentrations","volume":"131","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomazi T, dos Santos MV. Antimicrobial use for treatment of clinical mastitis in dairy herds from Brazil and its association with herd-level descriptors. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2020; 176: 104937.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.104937"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.07.068","article-title":"Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment of Jianghan Plain, central China","volume":"497","author":"Tong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6591","DOI":"10.1021\/es100834s","article-title":"Use and environmental occurrence of antibiotics in freestall dairy farms with manured forage fields","volume":"44","author":"Watanabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.222","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water, sediments, aquatic organisms, and fish feeds in the Pearl River Delta: occurrence, distribution, potential sources, and health risk assessment","volume":"659","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.04.102","article-title":"Occurrences and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in drinking water and water\/sewage treatment plants: a review","volume":"596","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.10.241","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and artificial sweeteners (ASs) in surface and ground waters and their application as indication of wastewater contamination","volume":"616","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.10.006","article-title":"Occurrence and risk assessment of antibiotics in surface water and groundwater from different depths of aquifers: a case study at Jianghan Plain, central China","volume":"135","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116455","article-title":"Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in groundwater: a global review on dissemination, sources, interactions, environmental and human health risks","author":"Zainab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721033696?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721033696?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:51:38Z","timestamp":1758718298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969721033696"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0048969721033696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"First insight into the occurrence, spatial distribution, sources, and risks assessment of antibiotics in groundwater from major urban-rural settings of Pakistan","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148298","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"148298"}}