{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T19:48:54Z","timestamp":1794253734973,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,27]],"date-time":"2021-08-27T10:46:54Z","timestamp":1630061214000},"page":"149916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Transformation products of pharmaceuticals in the environment: Their fate, (eco)toxicity and bioaccumulation potential"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"802","author":[{"given":"Jakub","family":"Maculewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Kowalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaudia","family":"\u015awiacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"To\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Stepnowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bia\u0142k-Bieli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Do\u0142\u017conek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1991.9.3.491","article-title":"A phase I clinical, plasma, and cellular pharmacology study of gemcitabine","volume":"9","author":"Abbruzzese","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.05.009","article-title":"Comparison of the toxicological impacts of carbamazepine and a mixture of its photodegradation products in Scrobicularia plana","volume":"323","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.2478\/acph-2019-0023","article-title":"An overview of structurally diversified anticonvulsant agents","volume":"69","author":"Al-Otaibi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Pharma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.09.145","article-title":"Occurrence and spatial distribution of 158 pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse and related metabolites in offshore seawater","volume":"541","author":"Alygizakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2016.02.005","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of tramadol pharmaceutical in aqueous TiO2 suspensions: evaluation of kinetics, mechanisms and ecotoxicity","volume":"515","author":"?. Antonopoulou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135396","article-title":"Assessing the human risk and the environmental fate of pharmaceutical tramadol","volume":"710","author":"?. Antonopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.01.101","article-title":"The fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting contaminants (EDCs), metabolites and illicit drugs in a WWTW and environmental waters","volume":"174","author":"Archer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3680","article-title":"Assessing the bioaccumulation potential of ionizable organic compounds: current knowledge and research priorities","volume":"36","author":"Armitage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10652","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b02912","article-title":"Selective uptake and bioaccumulation of antidepressants in fish from effluent-impacted Niagara River","volume":"51","author":"Arnnok","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.12.157","article-title":"Detection of pharmaceuticals and phytochemicals together with their metabolites in hospital effluents in Japan, and their contribution to sewage treatment plant influents","volume":"548","author":"Azuma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.03.022","article-title":"Carbamazepine and its metabolites in wastewater: analytical pitfalls and occurrence in Germany and Portugal","volume":"57","author":"Bahlmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198308030-00002","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of commonly used anticancer drugs","volume":"8","author":"Balis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.05.089","article-title":"Aquatic toxicity of the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin and its metabolites","volume":"120","author":"Baumann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb8485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-011-0536-y","article-title":"Biodegradability and ecotoxicitiy of tramadol, ranitidine, and their photoderivatives in the aquatic environment","volume":"19","author":"Bergheim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.08.174","article-title":"Acute aquatic toxicity assessment of six anti-cancer drugs and one metabolite using biotest battery\u2013biological effects and stability under test conditions","volume":"189","author":"Bialk-Bielinska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.08.174","article-title":"Acute aquatic toxicity assessment of six anti-cancer drugs and one metabolite using biotest battery \u2013 biological effects and stability under test conditions","volume":"189","author":"Bialk-Bielinska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.05.067","article-title":"In vivo exposure of marine mussels to carbamazepine and 10-hydroxy-10, 11-dihydro-carbamazepine: bioconcentration and metabolization","volume":"532","author":"Boillot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2014.08.005","article-title":"Fast determination of 40 drugs in water using large volume direct injection liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"131","author":"Boix","year":"2015","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.02.077","article-title":"Validation and uncertainty estimation of a multiresidue method for pharmaceuticals in surface and treated waters by liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"1286","author":"Boleda","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.04.053","article-title":"Diclofenac in the marine environment: a review of its occurrence and effects","volume":"131","author":"Bonnefille","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6746","DOI":"10.1021\/es303777k","article-title":"Direct photolysis of human metabolites of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole: evidence for abiotic back-transformation","volume":"47","author":"Bonvin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.03.040","article-title":"The anticancer drug metabolites endoxifen and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen induce toxic effects on Daphnia pulex in a two-generation study","volume":"520","author":"Borgatta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.11.155","article-title":"Multigenerational effects of the anticancer drug tamoxifen and its metabolite 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen on Daphnia pulex","volume":"545","author":"Borgatta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0130","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment: a review of recent toxicological studies and considerations for toxicity testing","volume":"218","author":"Brausch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.10.106","article-title":"Investigation and risk evaluation of the occurrence of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, their human metabolites and transformation products in the urban water cycle","volume":"225","author":"Brezina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1897\/04-081R.1","article-title":"Determination of select antidepressants in fish from an effluent-dominated stream","volume":"24","author":"Brooks","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00117-1","article-title":"Neurotransmitter interactions in schizophrenia\u2014therapeutic implications","volume":"46","author":"Carlsson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Psych."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.09.021","article-title":"Psychiatric pharmaceuticals in the environment","volume":"77","author":"Calisto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teac.2018.e00059","article-title":"Opioid occurrence in environmental water samples\u2014a review","volume":"20","author":"Campos-Ma\u00f1as","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Environ. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/1469066720973412","article-title":"UV-visible photodegradation of naproxen in water\u2013structural elucidation of photoproducts and potential toxicity","volume":"26","author":"Cazzaniga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.12.017","article-title":"Ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, their metabolites\/transformation products and their mixtures","volume":"210","author":"Cesen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.06.069","article-title":"Occurrence, removal and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in rural wastewater treatment wetlands","volume":"566","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0170","first-page":"1","article-title":"Use of NSAIDs in treating patients with arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Crofford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-9297-6","article-title":"Determination of carbamazepine and 12 degradation products in various compartments of an outdoor aquatic mesocosm by reliable analytical methods based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"24","author":"Daniele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-003-0045-4","article-title":"Phototransformation and ecotoxicity of the drug naproxen-na","volume":"1","author":"DellaGreca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2003.09.008","article-title":"Toxicity of prednisolone, dexamethasone and their photochemical derivatives on aquatic organisms","volume":"54","author":"DellaGreca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0195","article-title":"Single dose oral naproxen and naproxen sodium for acute postoperative pain in adults","author":"Derry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(96)00070-X","article-title":"Biological variation in sensitivity to N-heterocyclic PAHs; effects of acridine on seven species of micro-algae","volume":"95","author":"Dijkman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.11.059","article-title":"Ecotoxicity of carbamazepine and its UV photolysis transformation products","volume":"443","author":"Donner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-70942005000100015","article-title":"Uma breve hist\u00f3ria do \u00f3pio e dos opi\u00f3ides","volume":"55","author":"Duarte","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Anestesiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1897\/07-201.1","article-title":"Heterocyclic compounds: toxic effects using algae, daphnids, and the Salmonella\/microsome test taking methodical quantitative aspects into account","volume":"27","author":"Eisentraeger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22307","article-title":"Effect of amoxicillin exposure on brain, gill, liver, and kidney of common carp (Cyprinus carpio): the role of amoxicilloic acid","volume":"32","author":"Elizalde-Vel\u00e1zquez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.03.014","article-title":"Preliminary risk assessment of the lipid-regulating pharmaceutical clofibric acid, for three estuarine species","volume":"100","author":"Emblidge","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0825","series-title":"In Pharmaceuticals in the Environment","first-page":"175","article-title":"Effects of pharmaceuticals on aquatic organisms","author":"Fent","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.12.027","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012","volume":"49","author":"Ferlay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-6513(02)00082-9","article-title":"Ecotoxicological impact of pharmaceuticals found in treated wastewaters: study of carbamazepine, clofibric acid, and diclofenac","volume":"55","author":"Ferrari","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)08537-X","article-title":"Metabolism and disposition of clarithromycin in man","volume":"18","author":"Ferrero","year":"1990","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-008-9558-7","article-title":"Norfluoxetine induces spawning and parturition in estuarine and freshwater bivalves","volume":"81","author":"Fong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0265","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review on the occurrence and biological effects of illicit drugs in aquatic ecosystems","author":"Fontes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.08.013","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, brain distribution and plasma protein binding of carbamazepine and nine derivatives: new set of data for predictive in silico ADME models","volume":"107","author":"Fortuna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2019.105258","article-title":"Biochemical and physiological responses induced in Mytilus galloprovincialis after a chronic exposure to salicylic acid","volume":"214","author":"Freitas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2020.103448","article-title":"Impacts of salicylic acid in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to warming conditions","volume":"80","author":"Freitas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4400","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07127","article-title":"Biotransformation changes bioaccumulation and toxicity of diclofenac in aquatic organisms","volume":"54","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.08.038","article-title":"Ecotoxicity evaluation and removal of sulfonamides and their acetylated metabolites during conventional wastewater treatment","volume":"437","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gal\u00e1n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2011.11.035","article-title":"Kinetic studies and characterization of photolytic products of sulfamethazine, sulfapyridine and their acetylated metabolites in water under simulated solar irradiation","volume":"46","author":"Garc\u00eda-Gal\u00e1n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1021\/jm980587g","article-title":"Chemical stability and fate of the cytostatic drug ifosfamide and its N- dechloroethylated metabolites in acidic aqueous solutions","volume":"42","author":"Gilard","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.08.014","article-title":"Phototransformation of sulfamethoxazole under simulated sunlight: transformation products and their anctibacterial activity toward Vibrio fischeri","volume":"538","author":"Gmurek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3981","DOI":"10.1021\/es048550a","article-title":"Occurrence and sorption behavior of sulfonamides, macrolides, and trimethoprim in activated sludge treatment","volume":"39","author":"G\u00f6bel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.01.022","article-title":"Photodegradation study of three dipyrone metabolites in various water systems: identification and toxicity of their photodegradation products","volume":"42","author":"G\u00f3mez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26103","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08881-3","article-title":"Ecotoxicity screening evaluation of selected pharmaceuticals and their transformation products towards various organisms","volume":"27","author":"Grabarczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5496","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-013-2464-5","article-title":"Investigation of pharmaceutical metabolites in environmental waters by LC-MS\/MS","volume":"21","author":"Gracia-Lor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1021\/tx034038b","article-title":"Mechanistic studies on the bioactivation of diclofenac: identification of diclofenac-S-acyl-glutathione in vitro in incubations with rat and human hepatocytes","volume":"16","author":"Grillo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.03.037","article-title":"Transformation of diclofenac by the indigenous microflora of river sediments and identification of a major intermediate","volume":"69","author":"Gr\u00f6ning","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.03.044","article-title":"Significance of metabolites in the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals consumed by human","volume":"592","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0830","first-page":"2203","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil and its metabolites in plasma, urine, and bile","volume":"47","author":"Heggie","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5119","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06176","article-title":"Equilibrium sorption of structurally diverse organic ions to bovine serum albumin","volume":"50","author":"Henneberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.03.071","article-title":"Effects of carbamazepine and two of its metabolites on the non-biting midge Chironomus riparius in a sediment full life cycle toxicity test","volume":"98","author":"Heye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.06.093","article-title":"Monitoring of twenty-two sulfonamides in edible tissues: investigation of new metabolites and their potential toxicity","volume":"192","author":"Hiba","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2019.01.006","article-title":"Varying the exposure period and duration of neuroactive pharmaceuticals and their metabolites modulates effects on the visual motor response in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae","volume":"72","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0365","first-page":"1","article-title":"Occurrence of pharmaceutical metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic environment of the Mediterranean area. trends in environmental","volume":"29","author":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.12.068","article-title":"Ecotoxicity of naproxen and its phototransformation products","volume":"348","author":"Isidori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-019-06543-4","article-title":"Photodegradation mechanisms of acyclovir in water and the toxicity of photoproducts","volume":"320","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.05.042","article-title":"Aqueous photolysis of tetracycline and toxicity of photolytic products to luminescent bacteria","volume":"73","author":"Jiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/107815529600200102","article-title":"Chemical stability of cyclophosphamide, trofosfamide, and 2- and 3-dechloroethylifosfamide in aqueous solutions","volume":"2","author":"Kaijser","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.04.026","article-title":"The occurrence of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disruptors and illicit drugs in surface water in South Wales, UK","volume":"42","author":"Kasprzyk-Hordern","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2017.12.017","article-title":"Novel approach for evaluating pharmaceuticals toxicity using daphnia model: analysis of the mode of cytochrome P450-generated metabolite action after acetaminophen exposure","volume":"196","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.07.041","article-title":"Transformation of atenolol, metoprolol, and carbamazepine in soils: the identification, quantification, and stability of the transformation products and further implications for the environment","volume":"218","author":"Koba","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.439","article-title":"Spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals in conventional wastewater treatment plant with sludge treatment reed beds technology","volume":"647","author":"Kolecka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.124068","article-title":"Is sequential batch reactor an efficient technology to protect recipient against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol in treated wastewater?","volume":"318","author":"Kolecka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2004.12.001","article-title":"Determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) residues in water samples","volume":"31","author":"Kosjek","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6256","DOI":"10.1021\/es900070h","article-title":"Fate of carbamazepine during water treatment","volume":"43","author":"Kosjek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146987","article-title":"Interaction of pharmaceutical metabolites with blood proteins and membrane lipids in the view of bioconcentration: a preliminary study based on in vitro assessment","volume":"783","author":"Kowalska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-445X(96)00809-0","article-title":"Short-term and chronic exposure of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) to acridine: effects and metabolism","volume":"37","author":"Kraak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0445","series-title":"Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks","author":"K\u00fcmmerer","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2004.09.057","article-title":"Photo-isomerization of fluvoxamine in aqueous solutions","volume":"37","author":"Kwon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.12.026","article-title":"Distribution of antidepressants and their metabolites in brook trout exposed to municipal wastewaters before and after ozone treatment\u2013Evidence of biological effects","volume":"83","author":"Lajeunesse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1039\/C0EM00342E","article-title":"Input of selected human pharmaceutical metabolites into the norwegian aquatic environment","volume":"13","author":"Langford","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07827-4","article-title":"Metabolism of carbamazepine","volume":"10","author":"Lertratanangkoon","year":"1982","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.12.012","article-title":"Screening for pharmaceutical transformation products formed in river sediment by combining ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography\/high resolution mass spectrometry with a rapid data-processing method","volume":"810","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6009","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00273","article-title":"Flume experiments to investigate the environmental fate of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in streams","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106543","article-title":"Anticancer drugs in the aquatic ecosystem: environmental occurrence, ecotoxicological effect and risk assessment","volume":"153","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1897\/09-071.1","article-title":"Comparative aquatic toxicity of propranolol and its photodegraded mixtures: algae and rotifer screening","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.05.055","article-title":"Tissue distribution, bioconcentration, metabolism, and effects of erythromycin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)","volume":"490","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.10.036","article-title":"Bioconcentration, metabolism, and biomarker responses in freshwater fish Carassius auratus exposed to roxithromycin","volume":"99","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.02.033","article-title":"Bioconcentration and metabolism of ketoconazole and effects on multi-biomarkers in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)","volume":"150","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.11.022","article-title":"Occurrence of 95 pharmaceuticals and transformation products in urban groundwaters underlying the metropolis of Barcelona, Spain","volume":"174","author":"L\u00f3pez-Serna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9000","first-page":"842","article-title":"Provenance, age, and tectonic evolution of Variscan flysch, southeastern France and northeastern Spain, based on zircon geochronology","volume":"128","author":"Martinez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-009-0279-1","article-title":"Colloids as a sink for certain pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment","volume":"17","author":"Maskaoui","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124801","article-title":"Direct photodegradation of 36 organic micropollutants under simulated solar radiation: comparison with free-water surface constructed wetland and influence of chemical structure","volume":"407","author":"Mathon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0515","series-title":"Illicit Drugs in the Environment: Ocurrence, Analysis, and Fate Using Mass Spectrometry","first-page":"31","article-title":"Metabolism and excretion of illicit drugs in humans","author":"Melis","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(86)90039-2","article-title":"The effect of storage conditions on the stability of carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in plasma","volume":"154","author":"Mendez-alvarez","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2020.08.025","article-title":"A review on analytical methods for pharmaceutical and personal care products and their transformation products","volume":"101","author":"Meng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.06.089","article-title":"The effects of pH on fluoxetine in japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes): acute toxicity in fish larvae and bioaccumulation in juvenile fish","volume":"70","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.02.131","article-title":"Study of the stability of 26 cytostatic drugs and metabolites in wastewater under different conditions","volume":"482\u2013483","author":"Negreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6830","DOI":"10.1021\/es9005493","article-title":"Physiological modes of action of fluoxetine and its human metabolites in algae","volume":"43","author":"Neuwoehner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0545","article-title":"Determination of naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen in umgeni estuary and seawater: a case of northern Durban in KwaZulu\u2013Natal Province of South Africa","volume":"29","author":"Ngubane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363010-00002","article-title":"Responsible prescribing of opioids for the management of chronic pain","volume":"63","author":"Nicholson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-006-1035-8","article-title":"Occurrence patterns of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater environments","volume":"387","author":"Nikolaou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7873","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-04085-y","article-title":"Acute ecotoxicological effects of salicylic acid on the Polychaeta species Hediste diversicolor: evidences of low to moderate pro-oxidative effects","volume":"26","author":"Nunes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115857","article-title":"Detection of anti-cancer drugs and metabolites in the effluents from a large brazilian cancer hospital and an evaluation of ecotoxicology","volume":"268","author":"de Oliveira Klein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.383","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in fish from Argentina: implications for protected areas influenced by urbanization","volume":"649","author":"Ondarza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0575","first-page":"211","article-title":"Oxidative and apoptotic effects of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine in Daphnia magna","volume":"71","author":"\u00d6ver","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.08.025","article-title":"Selection of new chemical entities with decreased potential for adverse drug reactions","volume":"549","author":"Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2556","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25112556","article-title":"Determination and identification of antibiotic drugs and bacterial strains in biological samples","volume":"25","author":"Pauter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.08.053","article-title":"A review on emerging contaminants in wastewaters and the environment: current knowledge, understudied areas and recommendations for future monitoring","volume":"72","author":"Petrie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.06.105","article-title":"Biotransformation of benzimidazole anthelmintics in reed (Phragmites australis) as a potential tool for their detoxification in environment","volume":"144","author":"Podlipn\u00e1","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5467","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b06928","article-title":"Bacterial diversity controls transformation of wastewater-derived organic contaminants in river-simulating flumes","volume":"54","author":"Posselt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.04.041","article-title":"Enantiospecific toxicity, distribution and bioaccumulation of chiral antidepressant venlafaxine and its metabolite in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) co-exposed to microplastic and the drugs","volume":"370","author":"Qu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.04.068","article-title":"Pathways and metabolites of microbial degradation of selected acidic pharmaceutical and their occurrence in municipal wastewater treated by a membrane bioreactor","volume":"39","author":"Quintana","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.03.014","article-title":"Evaluation of drug uptake and deactivation in plant: fate of albendazole in ribwort plantain (Plantago laceolata) cells and regenerants","volume":"141","author":"Raisov\u00e1","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123171","article-title":"Norfluoxetine and venlafaxine in zebrafish larvae: single and combined toxicity of two pharmaceutical products relevant for risk assessment","volume":"400","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.12.016","article-title":"Abiotic degradation and environmental toxicity of ibuprofen: roles of mineral particles and solar radiation","volume":"131","author":"Rubasinghege","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2015.01.036","article-title":"Fate of pharmaceuticals in a subsurface flow constructed wetland and two ponds","volume":"80","author":"R\u00fchmland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.10.066","article-title":"Evaluation of acute and chronic ecotoxicity of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, their metabolites\/transformation products and UV treated samples","volume":"233","author":"Russo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2003.09.026","article-title":"The effect of pretreatment on anaerobic activity of olive mill wastewater using batch and continuous systems","volume":"39","author":"Sabbah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.08.029","article-title":"Ecotoxicological impacts of clofibric acid and diclofenac in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings: hematological, biochemical, ionoregulatory and enzymological responses","volume":"195","author":"Saravanan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.07.066","article-title":"Occurrence of diclofenac and its metabolites in surface water and effluent samples from Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"77","author":"Scheurell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-006-0825-3","article-title":"Phytotoxicity assessment of diclofenac and its phototransformation products","volume":"387","author":"Schmitt-Jansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.12.032","article-title":"Identification of a phytotoxic photo-transformation product of diclofenac using effect-directed analysis","volume":"158","author":"Schulze","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp097","article-title":"Chiral toxicology: it's the same thing\u2026 only different","volume":"110","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.09.020","article-title":"Chemical stability of chlortetracycline and chlortetracycline degradation products and epimers in soil interstitial water","volume":"57","author":"S\u00f8eborg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9090","article-title":"The identification of metabolites and effects of Albendazole in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)","volume":"21","author":"Stuchl\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.05.015","article-title":"Metabolic pathways of benzimidazole anthelmintics in harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)","volume":"157","author":"Stuchl\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115891","article-title":"Toxic effects of NSAIDs in non-target species: a review from the perspective of the aquatic environment","volume":"273","author":"Swiacka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12825","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b03441","article-title":"Uptake and metabolism of human pharmaceuticals by fish: a case study with the opioid analgesic tramadol","volume":"51","author":"Tanoue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.06.206","article-title":"Hydrolytic stability of selected pharmaceuticals and their transformation products","volume":"236","author":"Tonski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0710","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hydrolytic stability of anticancer drugs and one metabolite in the aquatic environment","author":"Tonski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.10.242","article-title":"Hazard screening of photo-transformation products from pharmaceuticals: application to selective \u00df1-blockers atenolol and metoprolol","volume":"579","author":"Toolaram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.09.065","article-title":"Photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole in various aqueous media: persistence, toxicity and photoproducts assessment","volume":"77","author":"Trov\u00f3","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0725","series-title":"Booklet 4: Stimulants","article-title":"World drug report","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.03.045","article-title":"Bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of carbamazepine and other pharmaceuticals in fish under field and controlled laboratory experiments. Evidences of carbamazepine metabolization by fish","volume":"557","author":"Vald\u00e9s","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb9100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2017.03.003","article-title":"Acyl glucuronide metabolites: implications for drug safety assessment","volume":"272","author":"Van Vleet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(02)00338-X","article-title":"Role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in psychiatric disorders: a comprehensive review","volume":"27","author":"Vaswani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12417","DOI":"10.1021\/es301929e","article-title":"Phototransformation of cephalosporin antibiotics in an aqueous environment results in higher toxicity","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600741208","article-title":"Kinetics of phosphoramide mustard hydrolysis in aqueous solution","volume":"74","author":"Watson","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.03.018","article-title":"Environmental fate and effect assessment of thioridazine and its transformation products formed by photodegradation","volume":"213","author":"Wilde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.08.040","article-title":"Combination of experimental and in silico methods for the assessment of the phototransformation products of the antipsychotic drug\/metabolite mesoridazine","volume":"618","author":"Wilde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2009.02.032","article-title":"Stability of ricobendazole in aqueous solutions","volume":"49","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2017.04.001","article-title":"Pay special attention to the transformation products of PPCPs in environment","volume":"3","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.12.007","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism: regulation of gene expression, enzyme activities, and impact of genetic variation","volume":"138","author":"Zanger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2016.10.026","article-title":"Bioconcentration, metabolism, and biomarker responses in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) exposed to sulfamethazine","volume":"181","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.04.034","article-title":"Optimization of screening-level risk assessment and priority selection of emerging pollutants\u2013the case of pharmaceuticals in european surface waters","volume":"128","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13175","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c04421","article-title":"Bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and multicompartmental toxicokinetic model of antibiotics in sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)","volume":"54","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4200","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07618","article-title":"Norfluoxetine is the only metabolite of fluoxetine in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos that accumulates at environmentally relevant exposure scenarios","volume":"54","author":"Zindler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2015.06.018","article-title":"Effect of salicylic acid on early life stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","volume":"40","author":"Zivna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.06.029","article-title":"Ecotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs and their metabolites","volume":"81","author":"Zounkova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.06.020","article-title":"Investigation of the behavior and metabolism of pharmaceutical residues during purification of contaminated ground water used for drinking water supply","volume":"69","author":"Zuehlke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721049913?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969721049913?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T08:27:41Z","timestamp":1787560061000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969721049913"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":157,"alternative-id":["S0048969721049913"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transformation products of pharmaceuticals in the environment: Their fate, (eco)toxicity and bioaccumulation potential","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149916","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"149916"}}