{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:22:30Z","timestamp":1793046150453,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002671","name":"Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UTARRF\/C2-10\/S6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UTARRF\/C2-10\/S6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T11:15:53Z","timestamp":1631790953000},"page":"150421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of oil palm fiber biochar and activated biochar for sulphur dioxide adsorption"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"805","author":[{"given":"Nursashabila","family":"Iberahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumathi","family":"Sethupathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed J.K.","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Kanthasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanveer","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0005","first-page":"7","article-title":"Elaboration of novel adsorbent from moroccan oil shale using plackett-burman design","volume":"4","author":"Abourriche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.3390\/su8050416","article-title":"An investigation of sustainable power generation from oil palm biomass: a case study in Sarawak","volume":"8","author":"Aghamohammadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2013.02.010","article-title":"Biochar production by sewage sludge pyrolysis","volume":"101","author":"Agrafioti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.15282\/jmes.7.2014.7.0105","article-title":"Effect of activation time on the pinang frond based activated carbon for remazol brilliant blue R removal","volume":"7","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mech. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.4028","article-title":"A review: production of activated carbon from agricultural byproducts via conventional and microwave heating","volume":"88","author":"Alslaibi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.12.165","article-title":"Pyrolysis temperature induced changes in characteristics and chemical composition of biochar produced from conocarpus wastes","volume":"131","author":"Al-Wabel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.10.150","article-title":"Effect of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate on biochar obtained from pyrolysis of safflower seed press cake","volume":"128","author":"Angin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2005.06.013","article-title":"Effect of microwave and conventional regeneration on the microporous and mesoporous network and on the adsorptive capacity of activated carbons","volume":"85","author":"Ania","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(00)00135-4","article-title":"Optimization of conditions for the preparation of activated carbons from olive-waste cakes","volume":"39","author":"Ba\u00e7aoui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Carbon N. Y."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4587","DOI":"10.1021\/es001150c","article-title":"Study of H2S adsorption and water regeneration of spent coconut-based activated carbon","volume":"34","author":"Bagreev","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0055","first-page":"69","article-title":"Lyocell-based activated carbon fibers improved the adsorption of harmful gas properties when produced via dual-simultaneous treatments","volume":"23","author":"Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbon Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2017.07.055","article-title":"Modification of textural properties of CuO-supported activated carbon fibers for SO2 adsorption based on electrical investigation","volume":"200","author":"Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemolab.2016.04.010","article-title":"Strategy of screening and optimization of process parameters using experimental design: application to amoxicillin elimination by adsorption on activated carbon","volume":"155","author":"Benredouane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2004.12.019","article-title":"Morphological and chemical properties of black carbon in physical soil fractions as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy","volume":"128","author":"Brodowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2014.11.014","article-title":"Agronomic properties of biochars from different manure wastes","volume":"111","author":"Cely","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2016.06.002","article-title":"Production and utilization of biochar: a review","volume":"40","author":"Cha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.04.048","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature on characteristics and heavy metal adsorptive performance of biochar derived from municipal sewage sludge","volume":"164","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2010.05.005","article-title":"Production of activated carbon from olive bagasse by physical activation","volume":"89","author":"Demiral","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0095","series-title":"Compendium of Environment Statistic 2016","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(01)00100-6","article-title":"Activated carbons prepared from phosphoric acid activation of grain sorghum","volume":"81","author":"Diao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"2020","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0105","article-title":"Sustainable gasification biochar as a high efficiency adsorbent for CO2 capture: a facile method to designer biochar fabrication","volume":"124","author":"Dissanayake","year":"2020","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energ. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2009.08.053","article-title":"Catalytic performance of nanostructured iron oxides synthesized by thermal decomposition technique","volume":"487","author":"El-Sheikh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.5755\/j01.erem.59.1.961","article-title":"Effect of activation temperature on textural and adsorptive properties for activated carbon derived from local reed biomass: removal of p-nitrophenol","volume":"59","author":"Fathy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2010.11.019","article-title":"Microwave-assisted preparation of oil palm fiber activated carbon for methylene blue adsorption","volume":"166","author":"Foo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2012.08.005","article-title":"Evaluation of the porous structure development of chars from pyrolysis of rice straw: effects of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate","volume":"98","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.06.118","article-title":"Sustainable biomass-based carbon adsorbents for post-combustion CO2 capture","volume":"230","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5866(02)00166-1","article-title":"Adsorption of Sulphur dioxide onto activated carbon prepared from oil-palm shells with and without pre-impregnation","volume":"30","author":"Guo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2006.09.016","article-title":"Adsorption of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) by activated carbons derived from oil-palm shell","volume":"45","author":"Guo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbon N. Y."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2009.05.150","article-title":"Effects of CO2 activation on porous structures of coconut shell-based activated carbons","volume":"255","author":"Guo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.05.058","article-title":"Simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2 from flue gas using combined Na2SO3 assisted electrochemical reduction and direct electrochemical reduction","volume":"276","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.10.017","article-title":"Batch removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions by adsorption on oil palm trunk fibre: equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies","volume":"154","author":"Hameed","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.01.088","article-title":"Optimization of basic dye removal by oil palm fibre-based activated carbon using response surface methodology","volume":"158","author":"Hameed","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.09.042","article-title":"Preparation of oil palm empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon for removal of 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol: optimization using response surface methodology","volume":"164","author":"Hameed","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0170","first-page":"115","article-title":"Slow pyrolysis of bamboo biomass: analysis of biochar properties","volume":"37","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Mena","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.09.008","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature on production and nutrient properties of wastewater sludge biochar","volume":"92","author":"Hossain","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2015.02.012","article-title":"An overview of renewable hydrogen production from thermochemical process of oil palm solid waste in Malaysia","volume":"94","author":"Hosseini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Convers. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0185","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimization of palm oil mill sludge biochar preparation for sulfur dioxide removal","author":"Iberahim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.109302","article-title":"Optimization of activated palm oil sludge biochar preparation for Sulphur dioxide adsorption","volume":"248","author":"Iberahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.07.033","article-title":"Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution using treated oil palm fibre","volume":"152","author":"Isa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(98)00082-7","article-title":"Activated carbons from yellow poplar and white oak by H3PO4 activation","volume":"36","author":"Jagtoyen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Carbon N. Y."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S1004-9541(11)60042-6","article-title":"Absorption of sulphur dioxide with sodium citrate buffer solution in a rotating packed bed","volume":"19","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2012.02.008","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Ulex europaeus biochar obtained from laboratory heat treatment experiments\u2013a pyrolysis\u2013GC\/MS study","volume":"95","author":"Kaal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2014.06.044","article-title":"Influence of coupling agent content on the properties of high density polyethylene composites reinforced with oil palm fibers","volume":"63","author":"Kakou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2008.06.002","article-title":"Sulfur dioxide adsorption by activated carbons having different textural and chemical properties","volume":"87","author":"Karatepe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-1481(02)00112-X","article-title":"Carbonisation of bagasse in a fixed bed reactor: influence of process variables on char yield and characteristics","volume":"28","author":"Katyal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1021\/es9031419","article-title":"Dynamic molecular structure of plant biomass-derived black carbon (biochar)","volume":"44","author":"Keiluweit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2014.06.006","article-title":"Physical activation of carbon residue from biomass gasification: novel sorbent for the removal of phosphates and nitrates from aqueous solution","volume":"21","author":"Kilpimaa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2016.07.025","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide removal using CeO2\/NaOH\/PSAC: effect of process conditions and regeneration study","volume":"4","author":"Lau","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(03)00105-2","article-title":"Adsorption and reaction behavior for the simultaneous adsorption of NO-NO2 and SO2 on activated carbon impregnated with KOH","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0250","first-page":"118","article-title":"Activated carbon fiber-the hybrid of carbon fiber and activated carbon","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.03.105","article-title":"Biochar potential evaluation of palm oil wastes through slow pyrolysis: thermochemical characterization and pyrolytic kinetic studies","volume":"236","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-015-1034-6","article-title":"Green SO2 conversion from flue gas by pH variation","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clean Techn. Environ. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2015.08.022","article-title":"Adsorption and desorption of SO2, NO and chlorobenzene on activated carbon","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1177\/1528083713502997","article-title":"Desulfurization properties of modified activated carbon fibers and activated carbon fiber paper","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ind. Text."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3429","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.13.2.3429-3446","article-title":"Effect of the carbonization temperature on the properties of biochar produced from the pyrolysis of crop residues","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresources"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2003.10.001","article-title":"Effect of activation temperature on the textural and chemical properties of potassium hydroxide activated carbon prepared from pistachio-nut shell","volume":"274","author":"Lua","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11026","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.7b01422","article-title":"Adsorption species distribution and multicomponent adsorption mechanism of SO 2, NO, and CO 2 on commercial adsorbents","volume":"31","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy Fuel"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2006.09.004","article-title":"SO2 retention on CaO\/activated carbon sorbents. Part I: importance of calcium loading and dispersion","volume":"86","author":"Macias-P\u00e9rez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2008.01.022","article-title":"SO2 retention on CaO\/activated carbon sorbents. Part II: effect of the activated carbon support","volume":"87","author":"Macias-P\u00e9rez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.13171\/mjc851907027lm","article-title":"Applying response surface methodology to optimize the decarbonization process of timahdit oil shale","volume":"8","author":"Makouki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0305","author":"Malaysian Palm Oil Industry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0310","series-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","first-page":"12072","article-title":"Characteristics of activated carbon resulted from pyrolysis of the oil palm fronds powder","author":"Maulina","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2014.12.022","article-title":"Influence of feedstock properties and pyrolysis conditions on biochar carbon stability as determined by hydrogen pyrolysis","volume":"73","author":"McBeath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0320","series-title":"IR, XRD and SEM Studies to Elucidate the Mechanism of Azo Dye Sorption Interaction With Coal Based Adsorbents and Activated Carbon From Aqueous Phase","author":"Mohan","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/est2.35","article-title":"Hydrogen storage in carbon materials\u2014a review","volume":"1","author":"Mohan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy Storage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.02.055","article-title":"Optimization and characterization of bio-oil produced by microwave assisted pyrolysis of oil palm shell waste biomass with microwave absorber","volume":"190","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0340","series-title":"Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments","author":"Myers","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-6632.20150324s00003584","article-title":"Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by ammonia over V2O5\/TiO2 catalyst in a catalytic filter medium and honeycomb reactor: a kinetic modeling study","volume":"32","author":"Nahavandi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Braz. J. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2005.07.002","article-title":"IR, XRD and SEM studies on the mechanism of adsorption of dyes and phenols by coir pith carbon from aqueous phase","volume":"82","author":"Namasivayam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2011.01.002","article-title":"Temperature-and duration-dependent rice straw-derived biochar: characteristics and its effects on soil properties of an ultisol in southern China","volume":"112","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-860X(98)00178-1","article-title":"The effect of water in the low-temperature catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur over activated carbon","volume":"173","author":"Primavera","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5467","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.5b01286","article-title":"SO x\/NO x removal from flue gas streams by solid adsorbents: a review of current challenges and future directions","volume":"29","author":"Rezaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.10.027","article-title":"Removal of arsenic and fluoride from aqueous solution by biomass based activated biochar: optimization through response surface methodology","volume":"5","author":"Saikia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0375","series-title":"Effect of Temperature, Heating Rate and Holding Time on the Properties of Carbon Web Made From Acrylic Waste","author":"Salman","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2012.10.007","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of an activated carbon from a date stones variety by physical activation with carbon dioxide","volume":"99","author":"Sekirifa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0385","first-page":"719","article-title":"Preliminary study of sulfur dioxide removal using calcined egg Shell","volume":"21","author":"Sethupathi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays. J. Anal. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2014.12.016","article-title":"Optimization and characterization of sliced activated carbon prepared from date palm tree fronds by physical activation","volume":"73","author":"Shoaib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1351\/pac198557040603","article-title":"Reporting physisorption data for gas\/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)","volume":"57","author":"Sing","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0400","first-page":"34","article-title":"Characterization of micro\/mesoporous materials by physisorption: concepts and case studies","volume":"3","author":"Sotomayor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acc. Mater. Surf. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2017.03.577","article-title":"CO2 methanation: the effect of catalysts and reaction conditions","volume":"105","author":"Stangeland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2010.04.056","article-title":"Cerium impregnated palm shell activated carbon (Ce\/PSAC) sorbent for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO\u2014process study","volume":"162","author":"Sumathi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1080\/09593330.2014.953600","article-title":"Simultaneous adsorption of SO2 and NO from flue gas over mesoporous alumina","volume":"36","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2006.09.010","article-title":"Equilibrium and kinetic studies on basic dye adsorption by oil palm fibre activated carbon","volume":"127","author":"Tan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2007.04.031","article-title":"Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coconut husk using response surface methodology","volume":"137","author":"Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2014-1117","article-title":"Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution (IUPAC technical Report)","volume":"87","author":"Thommes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0435","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects","author":"Tomczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb6005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(97)00168-5","article-title":"A low cost adsorbent from agricultural waste corn cob by zinc chloride activation","volume":"64","author":"Tsai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(02)00264-6","article-title":"Carbon materials as catalyst supports for SO2 oxidation: catalytic activity of CuO\u2013AC","volume":"41","author":"Tseng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Carbon N. Y."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0445","first-page":"26","article-title":"SO2 adsorption capability of activated carbon nanofibers produced by different activation process parameters","author":"Ucar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Text. Appar."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2005.11.006","article-title":"Development of activated carbon pore structure via physical and chemical activation of biomass fibre waste","volume":"30","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12957","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03077","article-title":"Role of inherent inorganic constituents in SO2 sorption ability of biochars derived from three biomass wastes","volume":"50","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2011.12.002","article-title":"Characterization of activated carbon prepared by phosphoric acid activation of olive stones","volume":"9","author":"Yakout","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb6010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9797(03)00689-1","article-title":"Characteristics of activated carbons prepared from pistachio-nut shells by physical activation","volume":"267","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2017.05.002","article-title":"Sorption properties optimization of agricultural wastes-derived biochars using response surface methodology","volume":"109","author":"Yavari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0470","first-page":"842","article-title":"Enhancement of H2 production by combination with CO2 absorption in steam methane reforming in bench scale","volume":"13","author":"Yoon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2014.09.016","article-title":"Influence of pyrolysis temperature and holding time on properties of biochar derived from medicinal herb (radix isatidis) residue and its effect on soil CO2 emission","volume":"110","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0480","first-page":"112","article-title":"Preparation of activated carbons for SO2 adsorption by CO2 and steam activation","volume":"43","author":"Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"2020","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0485","article-title":"Machine learning exploration of the critical factors for CO2 adsorption capacity on porous carbon materials at different pressures","volume":"273","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.08.046","article-title":"Stability, nutrient availability and hydrophobicity of biochars derived from manure, crop residues, and municipal solid waste for their use as soil amendments","volume":"144","author":"Zornoza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004896972105498X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004896972105498X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T13:22:27Z","timestamp":1758720147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004896972105498X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":99,"alternative-id":["S004896972105498X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of oil palm fiber biochar and activated biochar for sulphur dioxide adsorption","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150421","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"150421"}}