{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:58:10Z","timestamp":1791824290010,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010219","name":"Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Consumer Protection","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010688","name":"Horizon 2020 European Innovation Council Fast Track to Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["955390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["955390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009318","name":"Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:56:11Z","timestamp":1724374571000},"page":"175727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Generation, characterization, and toxicological assessment of reference ultrafine soot particles with different organic content for inhalation toxicological studies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"951","author":[{"given":"Anusmita","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Pantzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Hartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias J.","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Gawlitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Offer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deeksha","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Rastak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ar\u016bnas","family":"Me\u0161\u010deriakovas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia P.","family":"Ivleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Gr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Oeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Delaval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendryk","family":"Czech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Sippula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Schnelle-Kreis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Di Bucchianico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Sklorz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gex021","article-title":"Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA damage in human volunteers during fire extinction exercises","volume":"33","author":"Andersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/493894","article-title":"Health and cellular impacts of AirPollutants: from Cytoprotection to cytotoxicity","volume":"2012","author":"Andreau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Binder, S., Rastak, N., Karg, E., Huber, A., Kuhn, E., Dragan, G.C., Mons\u00e9, C.,Breuer, D., Di Bucchianico, S., Delaval, M.N., Oeder, S., Sklorz, M., Zimmermann, R., 2022. Construction of an In vitro air\u2013liquid interface exposure system to assess the toxicological impact of gas and particle phase of semi-volatile organic compounds. Toxics 10. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxics10120730.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10120730"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bladt, H., Ivleva, N.P., Niessner, R., 2014. Internally mixed multicomponent soot:Impact of different salts on soot structure and thermo-chemical properties. J. Aerosol Sci. 70, 26\u201335. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2013.11.007.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2013.11.007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2009.07.076","article-title":"DNA damage in A549 cells exposed to different extracts of PM2.5 from industrial, urban and highway sites","volume":"77","author":"Bonetta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.05.027","article-title":"Comparison between ultrafine and fine particulate matter collected in Lebanon: chemical characterization, in vitro cytotoxic effects and metabolizing enzymes gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells","volume":"205","author":"Borgie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0035","article-title":"A comparative study of persistent DNA oxidation and chromosomal instability induced in vitro by oxidizers and reference airborne particles","volume":"874\u2013875","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6223(94)90148-1","article-title":"Raman microprobe studies on carbon materials","volume":"32","author":"Cuesta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gew030","article-title":"Genotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles assessed by mini-gel comet assay and micronucleus scoring with flow cytometry","volume":"32","author":"Di Bucchianico","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290803600306","article-title":"The response of a co-culture lung model to fine and ultrafine particles of incinerator Fly ash at the air\u2013liquid Interface","volume":"36","author":"Diabat\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"Altern. Lab. Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-8-1965-2015","article-title":"The \u201cdual-spot\u201d Aethalometer: an improved measurement of aerosol black carbon with real-time loading compensation","volume":"8","author":"Drinovec","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2018.1536818","article-title":"Characterization of a new miniCAST with diffusion flame and premixed flame options: generation of particles with high EC content in the size range 30nm to 200nm","volume":"53","author":"Ess","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2016.04.056","article-title":"In situ Raman microspectroscopic analysis of soot samples with different organic carbon content: structural changes during heating","volume":"105","author":"Ess","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2021.105820","article-title":"Coated soot particles with tunable, well-controlled properties generated in the laboratory with a miniCAST BC and a micro smog chamber","volume":"157","author":"Ess","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.61.14095","article-title":"Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon","volume":"61","author":"Ferrari","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-022-01287-9","article-title":"A study on the chemical profile and the derived health effects of heavy-duty machinery aerosol with a focus on the impact of alternative fuels","volume":"16","author":"Gawlitta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Air Qual. Atmos. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078356","article-title":"The extreme variety of genotoxic response to benzo[a]pyrene in three different human cell lines from three different organs","volume":"8","author":"Genies","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164215","article-title":"Toxicity of exhaust emissions from high aromatic and non-aromatic diesel fuels using in vitro ALI exposure system","volume":"890","author":"Hakkarainen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11091814","article-title":"Oxidative stress, cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of urban ultrafine road-deposited dust from the UK and Mexico in human epithelial lung (Calu-3) cells","volume":"11","author":"Hammond","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eehl.2023.06.001","article-title":"The bio-distribution, clearance pathways, and toxicity mechanisms of ambient ultrafine particles","volume":"2","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eco-Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1021\/es0518732","article-title":"Ambient particulate matter exhibits direct inhibitory effects on oxidative stress enzymes","volume":"40","author":"Hatzis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104950","article-title":"Comparative toxicity of ultrafine particles around a major airport in human bronchial epithelial (Calu-3) cell model at the air\u2013liquid interface","volume":"68","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. in Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106718","article-title":"In vitro hazard characterization of simulated aircraft cabin bleed-air contamination in lung models using an air-liquid interface (ALI) exposure system","volume":"156","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2014.04.005","article-title":"Improving the in vitro ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay with RTL-W1 by metabolic normalization and use of \u03b2-naphthoflavone as the reference substance","volume":"164","author":"Heinrich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo9030045","article-title":"An UPLC-MS\/MS assay to measure glutathione as marker for oxidative stress in cultured cells","volume":"9","author":"Herzog","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.04.010","article-title":"Ultrafine particles in four European urban environments: results from a new continuous long-term monitoring network","volume":"136","author":"Hofman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-012-1265-7","article-title":"Human health risk assessment of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA","volume":"223","author":"Hussar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0140","series-title":"Presented at the 3rd ETH Workshop \u201cNanoparticle Measurement,\u201d ETH H\u00f6nggerberg Z\u00fcrich","article-title":"Standard combustion aerosol generator (SCAG) for calibration purposes","author":"Jing","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-019-0332-7","article-title":"Non-volatile particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines at ground-idle induce oxidative stress in bronchial cells","volume":"2","author":"Jonsdottir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2021.06.001","article-title":"Development of a standardized in vitro approach to evaluate microphysical, chemical, and toxicological properties of combustion-derived fine and ultrafine particles","volume":"113","author":"Juarez-Facio","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7051889","article-title":"Assessment of benzo(a)pyrene-equivalent carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of residential indoor versus outdoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposing young children in new York City","volume":"7","author":"Jung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2020.1724868","article-title":"Is the particle deposition in a cell exposure facility comparable to the lungs? A computer model approach","volume":"54","author":"Karg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0165","series-title":"On-Site Deployment of an Air-Liquid-Interphase Device to Assess Health Hazard Potency of Airborne Workplace Contaminants: The Case of 3-D Printers","first-page":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-020-0394-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of ultrafine particle-induced respiratory health effects","volume":"52","author":"Leikauf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24019","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7623-z","article-title":"Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by coal and coal fly ash particles samples in V79 cells","volume":"23","author":"Le\u00f3n-Mej\u00eda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6259","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-6259-2018","article-title":"The absorption \u00c5ngstr\u00f6m exponent of black carbon: from numerical aspects","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-12-3137-2019","article-title":"Effects of gas\u2013wall interactions on measurements of semivolatile compounds and small polar molecules","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2018.06.015","article-title":"Characterization and modeling of aerosol deposition in Vitrocell\u00ae exposure systems - exposure well chamber deposition efficiency","volume":"123","author":"Lucci","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2018.10.072","article-title":"Relating aerosol mass spectra to composition and nanostructure of soot particles","volume":"142","author":"Malmborg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.combustflame.2019.03.018","article-title":"Aircraft and MiniCAST soot at the nanoscale","volume":"204","author":"Marhaba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Combust. Flame"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2020.100945","article-title":"Comparative sampling of gas phase volatile and semi-volatile organic fuel emissions from a combustion aerosol standard system","volume":"19","author":"Mason","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2019.05.004","article-title":"Characterization of black carbon particles generated by a propane-fueled miniature inverted soot generator","volume":"135","author":"Moallemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2014.890694","article-title":"Mapping the operation of the miniature combustion aerosol standard (Mini-CAST) soot generator","volume":"48","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1021\/es0015242","article-title":"Time-resolved characterization of diesel particulate emissions. 2. Instruments for elemental and organic carbon measurements","volume":"35","author":"Moosm\u00fcller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsf.2021.101147","article-title":"Sources, characteristics, toxicity, and control of ultrafine particles: an overview","volume":"13","author":"Moreno-R\u00edos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Geosci. Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2016.02.005","article-title":"Toxicity testing of combustion aerosols at the air\u2013liquid interface with a self-contained and easy-to-use exposure system","volume":"96","author":"M\u00fclhopt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-13-951-2020","article-title":"Chemical discrimination of the particulate and gas phases of miniCAST exhausts using a two-filter collection method","volume":"13","author":"Ngo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126536","article-title":"Particulate matter from both heavy fuel oil and diesel fuel shipping emissions show strong biological effects on human lung cells at realistic and comparable in vitro exposure conditions","volume":"10","author":"Oeder","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Offer Svenja, Hartner Elena, Di Bucchianico Sebastiano, Bisig Christoph, Bauer Stefanie, Pantzke Jana, Zimmermann Elias J., Cao Xin, Binder Stefanie, Kuhn Evelyn, Huber Anja, Jeong Seongho, K\u00e4fer Uwe, Martens Patrick, Mesceriakovas Arunas, Bendl Jan, Brejcha Ramona, Buchholz Angela, Gat Daniella, Hohaus Thorsten, Rastak Narges, Jakobi Gert, Kalberer Markus, Kanashova Tamara, Hu Yue, Ogris Christoph, Marsico Annalisa, Theis Fabian, Pardo Michal, Gr\u00f6ger Thomas, Oeder Sebastian, Orasche J\u00fcrgen, Paul Andreas, Ziehm Till, Zhang Zhi-Hui, Adam Thomas, Sippula Olli, Sklorz Martin, Schnelle-Kreis J\u00fcrgen, Czech Hendryk, Kiendler-Scharr Astrid, Rudich Yinon, Zimmermann Ralf, n.d. Effect of atmospheric aging on soot particle toxicity in lung cell models at the air\u2013liquid Interface: differential toxicological impacts of biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Environ. Health Perspect. 130, 027003. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP9413.","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP9413"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-019-01202-7","article-title":"Health effects of ultrafine particles: a systematic literature review update of epidemiological evidence","volume":"64","author":"Ohlwein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8977","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-11-8977-2011","article-title":"Technical note: in-situ derivatization thermal desorption GC-TOFMS for direct analysis of particle-bound non-polar and polar organic species","volume":"11","author":"Orasche","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.3390\/biom5031399","article-title":"Activation of Proinflammatory responses in cells of the airway mucosa by particulate matter: oxidant- and non-oxidant-mediated triggering mechanisms","volume":"5","author":"\u00d8vrevik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107366","article-title":"Exposure to naphthalene and \u03b2-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol induced divergent changes in transcript levels of BEAS-2B cells","volume":"166","author":"Pardo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2023.2178878","article-title":"Atmospheric aging increases the cytotoxicity of bare soot particles in BEAS-2B lung cells","volume":"57","author":"Pardo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2011.06.005","article-title":"In-vitro cell exposure studies for the assessment of nanoparticle toxicity in the lung\u2014a dialog between aerosol science and biology","volume":"42","author":"Paur","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0280","first-page":"9391","article-title":"Composition and sources of particulate matter in an industrialised alpine valley","volume":"10","author":"Perron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chem. Phys. Discuss."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8365","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-8365-2013","article-title":"Recommendations for reporting \u201cblack carbon\u201d measurements","volume":"13","author":"Petzold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.016003534.x","article-title":"Oxidative stress and regulation of glutathione in lung inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Rahman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2024.119251","article-title":"Effect of nanostructure and BET surface area on the oxygen reactivity of soot filter cakes","volume":"227","author":"Raiolo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c00946","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of a biocompatible Nanoplatform based on silica-embedded SPIONs functionalized with Polydopamine","volume":"9","author":"Romano","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Biomater Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6965","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-15-6965-2022","article-title":"Importance of size representation and morphology in modelling optical properties of black carbon: comparison between laboratory measurements and model simulations","volume":"15","author":"Romshoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.025","article-title":"Development of a high-throughput in vivo screening platform for particulate matter exposures","volume":"235","author":"Roper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b04308","article-title":"PM2.5 filter extraction methods: implications for chemical and toxicological analyses","volume":"53","author":"Roper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5702024","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5702024","article-title":"Continuous exposure to low doses of ultrafine black carbon reduces the vitality of immortalized lung-derived cells and activates senescence","volume":"2020","author":"Salinas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.06.026","article-title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biomass-burning emissions and their contribution to light absorption and aerosol toxicity","volume":"568","author":"Samburova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1021\/jasms.2c00163","article-title":"Detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in high organic carbon ultrafine particle extracts by electrospray ionization ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry","volume":"33","author":"Schneider","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200500120","article-title":"Application of direct thermal desorption gas chromatography and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry for analysis of organic compounds in ambient aerosol particles","volume":"28","author":"Schnelle-Kreis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-020-0403-3","article-title":"The health effects of ultrafine particles","volume":"52","author":"Schraufnagel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202209-1837OC","article-title":"Impact of ambient ultrafine particles on cause-specific mortality in three German cities","volume":"207","author":"Schwarz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701490445","article-title":"Importance of size and composition of particles for effects on cells in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Schwarze","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inhal. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-7-2373-2014","article-title":"Determination and analysis of in situ spectral aerosol optical properties by a multi-instrumental approach","volume":"7","author":"Segura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03162.x","article-title":"Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carcinogens by cytochromes P450 1A1 and1B1","volume":"95","author":"Shimada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100633","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202100633","article-title":"Emerging Technologies for in Vitro Inhalation Toxicology","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10070292","article-title":"Optimized protocol for the in situ derivatization of glutathione with N-Ethylmaleimide in cultured cells and the simultaneous determination of glutathione\/glutathione disulfide ratio by HPLC-UV-QTOF-MS","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2010.09.003","article-title":"Evaluation of thermal denuder and catalytic stripper methods for solid particle measurements","volume":"41","author":"Swanson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2013.06.001","article-title":"A review of in vitro cigarette smoke exposure systems","volume":"65","author":"Thorne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0385","first-page":"13","article-title":"Assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and relatives in biological samples: analytical and biological challenges","volume":"524","author":"Tsikas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lipid Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1674108","article-title":"Raman Spectrum of graphite","volume":"53","author":"Tuinstra","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy053","article-title":"Air-liquid Interface: relevant in vitro models for investigating air pollutant-induced pulmonary toxicity","volume":"164","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116186","article-title":"Toxicity and health effects of ultrafine particles: towards an understanding of the relative impacts of different transport modes","volume":"231","author":"Vallabani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.combustflame.2003.09.008","article-title":"Soot nanostructure: dependence upon synthesis conditions","volume":"136","author":"Vander Wal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Combust. Flame"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2006.08.005","article-title":"HRTEM study of diesel soot collected from diesel particulate filters","volume":"45","author":"Vander Wal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3707","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-14-3707-2021","article-title":"Modeled source apportionment of black carbon particles coated with a light-scattering shell","volume":"14","author":"Virkkula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmospheric Meas. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0420","unstructured":"WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-014-1409-1","article-title":"Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce CYP1A1 in human cells via a p53-dependent mechanism","volume":"90","author":"Wohak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-4229-2017","article-title":"Evaluation of the absorption \u00c5ngstr\u00f6m exponents for traffic and wood burning in the Aethalometer-based source apportionment using radiocarbon measurements of ambient aerosol","volume":"17","author":"Zotter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.176571","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000}}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969724058832?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969724058832?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T21:28:30Z","timestamp":1786483710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969724058832"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["S0048969724058832"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Generation, characterization, and toxicological assessment of reference ultrafine soot particles with different organic content for inhalation toxicological studies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175727","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"175727"}}