{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T19:49:36Z","timestamp":1793821776241,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["223268\/F50 CERAD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["223268\/F50 CERAD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T20:58:52Z","timestamp":1747429132000},"page":"179589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dose rate-driven responses to ionizing radiation in CBA\/Ca and C57BL\/6N evaluated using benchmark dose (BMD) modeling"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"982","author":[{"given":"Hildegunn","family":"Dahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann-K.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Einar","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nur","family":"Duale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Graupner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dag A.","family":"Brede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dag M.","family":"Eide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.06.023","article-title":"High sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for measuring protein carbonyl in samples with low amounts of protein","volume":"39","author":"Alamdari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.12.012","article-title":"Ionizing radiation-induced metabolic oxidative stress and prolonged cell injury","volume":"327","author":"Azzam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312834","article-title":"Differential effects of low and high radiation dose rates on mouse spermatogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Bae","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2016.1186301","article-title":"The role of dose rate in radiation cancer risk: evaluating the effect of dose rate at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels using key events in critical pathways following exposure to low LET radiation","volume":"92","author":"Brooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10177","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89682-7","article-title":"Impact of aging on gene expression response to x-ray irradiation using mouse blood","volume":"11","author":"Broustas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2019.1569771","article-title":"Ionizing radiation affects miRNA composition in both young and old mice","volume":"95","author":"Bugden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28040","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8575","article-title":"Age-related effects of x-ray irradiation on mouse hippocampus","volume":"7","author":"Casciati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2020.06.004","article-title":"Thinking outside the nucleus: mitochondrial DNA copy number in health and disease","volume":"53","author":"Castellani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2023.2181998","article-title":"Considerations for application of benchmark dose modeling in radiation research: workshop highlights","volume":"99","author":"Chauhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0050","author":"Dahl","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256667","article-title":"Perturbed transcriptional profiles after chronic low dose rate radiation in mice","volume":"16","author":"Dahl","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2023.2193936","article-title":"Dose rate dependent reduction in chromatin accessibility at transcriptional start sites long time after exposure to gamma radiation","volume":"18","author":"Dahl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2011.10.024","article-title":"Death by protein damage in irradiated cells","volume":"11","author":"Daly","year":"2012","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22453","article-title":"Effect of dose and dose rate of gamma irradiation on the formation of micronuclei in bone marrow cells isolated from whole-body-irradiated mice","volume":"62","author":"D\u2019Auria Vieira Godoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2007.06.010","article-title":"Reticulocyte and micronucleated reticulocyte responses to gamma irradiation: dose-response and time-course profiles measured by flow cytometry","volume":"634","author":"Dertinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/geq055","article-title":"Flow cytometric scoring of micronucleated erythrocytes: an efficient platform for assessing in vivo cytogenetic damage","volume":"26","author":"Dertinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137068","article-title":"Using prediction models to identify miRNA-based markers of low dose rate chronic stress","volume":"717","author":"Duale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/geq052","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of micronucleus, nucleoplasmic bridge and nuclear bud formation in mammalian and human cells","volume":"26","author":"Fenech","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2012.06.002","article-title":"Oxidants and not alkylating agents induce rapid mtDNA loss and mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"11","author":"Furda","year":"2012","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrt090","article-title":"Low-dose-rate radiation exposure leads to testicular damage with decreases in DNMT1 and HDAC1 in the murine testis","volume":"55","author":"Gong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/09553009414550021","article-title":"Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiations: clustered damage in DNA","volume":"65","author":"Goodhead","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2014.07.010","article-title":"Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and pig-a mutation assay in vivo-tools for genotoxicity testing from a regulatory perspective: a study of benzo[a]pyrene in Ogg1(\u2212\/\u2212) mice","volume":"772","author":"Graupner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32977","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32977","article-title":"Gamma radiation at a human relevant low dose rate is genotoxic in mice","volume":"6","author":"Graupner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22121","article-title":"Genotoxic effects of high dose rate X-ray and low dose rate gamma radiation in Apc(Min\/+) mice","volume":"58","author":"Graupner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.04.033","article-title":"Persistent DNA damage in spermatogonial stem cells after fractionated low-dose irradiation of testicular tissue","volume":"92","author":"Grewenig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297910060131","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA transcription in mouse liver, skeletal muscle, and brain following lethal x-ray irradiation","volume":"75","author":"Gubina","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/get012","article-title":"High-throughput comet assay using 96 minigels","volume":"28","author":"Gutzkow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0140","series-title":"Radiobiology for the radiologist","author":"Hall","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0145","series-title":"NRPA Technical Document Series 7","article-title":"Absorbed doses to water for x-ray dosimetry on a PXI X-RAD 225","author":"Hansen EL","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0150","series-title":"Air Kerma Measurements With Landauer Nanodots in Cs-137 and Co-60 Beams. Part I - SSDL Exposures Free in Air. Technical Document no. 8","author":"Hansen ELH","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-198001000-00001","article-title":"Loss of mouse testis mass after X-irradiation or injection of 22Na","volume":"38","author":"Harrison","year":"1980","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgaa010","article-title":"Epidemiological studies of low-dose ionizing radiation and cancer: summary bias assessment and meta-analysis","volume":"2020","author":"Hauptmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"JNCI Monographs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8604","DOI":"10.1021\/ac202028g","article-title":"High-throughput droplet digital PCR system for absolute quantitation of DNA copy number","volume":"83","author":"Hindson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100340","article-title":"Induction and persistence of radiation-induced DNA damage is more pronounced in young animals than in old animals","volume":"3","author":"Hudson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0175","first-page":"1","article-title":"ICRP publication 103; the 2007 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection","volume":"37","author":"ICRP","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. ICRP"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0180","article-title":"ICRP statement on tissue reactions \/ early and late effects of radiation in Normal tissues and organs \u2013 threshold Doses for tissue reactions in a radiation protection context. ICRP publication 118","volume":"41","author":"ICRP","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. ICRP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.3109\/09553002.2012.715793","article-title":"The effect of genetic background and dose on non-targeted effects of radiation","volume":"88","author":"Irons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6994","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206883","article-title":"Role of genetic background in induced instability","volume":"22","author":"Kadhim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.024","article-title":"Effects of ionizing radiation on mitochondria","volume":"65","author":"Kam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-27-322-586","article-title":"Testes weight loss as a quantitative measure of X-ray injury in the mouse, hamster and rat","volume":"27","author":"Kohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0205","first-page":"1","article-title":"The NMBU FIGARO low dose irradiation facility","author":"Lind","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2021.1876955","article-title":"Low- and moderate-dose non-cancer effects of ionizing radiation in directly exposed individuals, especially circulatory and ocular diseases: a review of the epidemiology","volume":"97","author":"Little","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072924","article-title":"Ionising radiation and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"380","author":"Little","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-08-241182","article-title":"Membrane remodeling during reticulocyte maturation","volume":"115","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2013.06.007","article-title":"Biological consequences of radiation-induced DNA damage: relevance to radiotherapy","volume":"25","author":"Lomax","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-022-00996-0","article-title":"Radiation dose rate effects: what is new and what is needed?","volume":"61","author":"Lowe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0235","first-page":"721","article-title":"The increase in mitochondrial DNA copy number in the tissues of gamma-irradiated mice","volume":"10","author":"Malakhova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2020.503277","article-title":"Ionizing radiation, genotoxic stress, and mitochondrial DNA copy-number variation in Caenorhabditis elegans: droplet digital PCR analysis","volume":"858-860","author":"Maremonti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104632","article-title":"Body and organ weight data in 28-day toxicological studies in two mouse strains","volume":"27","author":"Marxfeld","year":"2019","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(86)80094-9","article-title":"Age dependency of response of the mouse skin to single and multifractionated gamma irradiation","volume":"7","author":"Masuda","year":"1986","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.08.010","article-title":"Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on spermatogenesis in humans","volume":"100","author":"Meistrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0260","author":"MPDJaxpheno2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2005.04.011","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA point mutations and a novel deletion induced by direct low-LET radiation and by medium from irradiated cells","volume":"585","author":"Murphy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0270","series-title":"Test no. 489: in vivo mammalian alkaline comet assay","author":"OECD","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1667\/RADE-22-00071.1","article-title":"Age and sex divergence in hematopoietic radiosensitivity in aged mouse models of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome","volume":"198","author":"Patterson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2020.1859155","article-title":"Effects of low dose and low dose rate low linear energy transfer radiation on animals - review of recent studies relevant for carcinogenesis","volume":"97","author":"Paunesku","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.1039","article-title":"Reticulocytes and reticulocyte enumeration","volume":"15","author":"Riley","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gew019","article-title":"Mouse models for radiation-induced cancers","volume":"31","author":"Rivina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.2307\/3571354","article-title":"The response of twenty-seven inbred strains of mice to daily doses of whole-body x-irradiation","volume":"20","author":"Roderick","year":"1963","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2010.10.007","article-title":"Protecting the heritable genome: DNA damage response mechanisms in spermatogonial stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Rube","year":"2011","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-015-0613-6","article-title":"Dose and dose-rate effects of ionizing radiation: a discussion in the light of radiological protection","volume":"54","author":"R\u00fchm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2021.503436","article-title":"Cancer risk following low doses of ionising radiation \u2013 current epidemiological evidence and implications for radiological protection","volume":"873","author":"R\u00fchm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mutat. Res.\/Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0315","first-page":"31","article-title":"Selection of primers for polymerase chain reaction","volume":"15","author":"Rychlik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.008","article-title":"Radiation-induced clustered DNA lesions: repair and mutagenesis","volume":"107","author":"Sage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1159\/000342524","article-title":"A double in vivo Biotinylation technique for objective assessment of aging and clearance of mouse erythrocytes in blood circulation","volume":"39","author":"Saxena","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transfus. Med. Hemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2307\/3571191","article-title":"Radiosensitivity of mice as a function of age","volume":"16","author":"Spalding","year":"1962","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2022.2110300","article-title":"Benchmark dose modeling of transcriptional data: a systematic approach to identify best practices for study designs used in radiation research","volume":"98","author":"Stainforth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0340","first-page":"297","article-title":"Age and sex differences in genome damage between prepubertal and adult mice after exposure to ionising radiation","volume":"67","author":"Stojkovi\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrad003","article-title":"Molecular and cellular basis of the dose-rate-dependent adverse effects of radiation exposure in animal models. Part II: hematopoietic system, lung and liver","volume":"64","author":"Suzuki","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrw120","article-title":"Low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation-induced bioeffects in animal models","volume":"58","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfg143","article-title":"Comparative scoring of micronucleated reticulocytes in rat peripheral blood by flow cytometry and microscopy","volume":"74","author":"Torous","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1667\/RR13860.1","article-title":"Effect of dose rate on residual gamma-H2AX levels and frequency of micronuclei in X-irradiated mouse lymphocytes","volume":"183","author":"Turner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0365","series-title":"Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation: UNSCEAR 2017 report to the general assembly, with scientific annexes, United Nations publications, 2017, pp. 194","author":"UNSCEAR","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0370","series-title":"Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 2019 Report to the General Assembly. Annex 1A: Evaluation of Selected Health Effects and Inference of Risk Due to Radiation Exposure","author":"UNSCEAR","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2307\/3578373","article-title":"The sensitivity of quiescent and proliferating mouse spermatogonial stem cells to X irradiation","volume":"130","author":"van der Meer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.2307\/3578374","article-title":"The sensitivity to X rays of mouse spermatogonia that are committed to differentiate and of differentiating spermatogonia","volume":"130","author":"van der Meer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000701370878","article-title":"Analysis of common deletion (CD) and a novel deletion of mitochondrial DNA induced by ionizing radiation","volume":"83","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/env.2728","article-title":"Continuous model averaging for benchmark dose analysis: averaging over distributional forms","volume":"33","author":"Wheeler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environmetrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.2.514","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA damage is more extensive and persists longer than nuclear DNA damage in human cells following oxidative stress","volume":"94","author":"Yakes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0400","article-title":"Rapamycin ameliorates radiation-induced testis damage in mice","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-85998-9_7","article-title":"Replication of murine mitochondrial DNA following irradiation","volume":"645","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969725012306?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969725012306?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T09:18:10Z","timestamp":1778663890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969725012306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S0048969725012306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dose rate-driven responses to ionizing radiation in CBA\/Ca and C57BL\/6N evaluated using benchmark dose (BMD) modeling","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179589","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"179589"}}