{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T15:17:16Z","timestamp":1767971836745,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:40:31Z","timestamp":1760136031000},"page":"180655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Streamlining long-term trends detection in benthic contamination: A Santa Monica Bay (USA) test case"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1003","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7272-4356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ochan","family":"Otim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceja.2024.100599","article-title":"Evaluating bottle liquid-liquid extraction technique for monitoring residual levels of organochlorine pesticides in wastewater treatment-associated matrices","volume":"18","author":"Afifiyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0010","series-title":"Selected Papers of Hirotugu Akaike","article-title":"Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle","author":"Akaike","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0015","author":"Birosik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb2000","author":"Buchman"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124104268644","article-title":"Multimodel inference: understanding AIC and BIC in model selection","volume":"33","author":"Burnham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"issue":"65","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-010-1029-6","article-title":"AIC model selection and multimodel inference in behavioral ecology: some background, observations, and comparisons","volume":"2011","author":"Burnham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0030","series-title":"Marine Monitoring in Santa Monica Bay: Biennial Assessment Report for the Period January 2015 Through December 2016","article-title":"Introduction","author":"Cash","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-1136(03)00003-5","article-title":"Changing anthropogenic influence on the Santa Monica Bay watershed","volume":"56","author":"Dojiri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9083","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c00876","article-title":"Stream hydrology controls the longitudinal bioreactive footprint of urban-sourced fine particles","volume":"56","author":"Drummond","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2003.11.014","article-title":"Effects of storage method and duration on the toxicity of marine sediments to embryos of Crassostrea gigas oysters","volume":"129","author":"Geffard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb3000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2003.09.015","article-title":"Forecasting seasonals and trends by exponentially weighted moving averages","volume":"20","author":"Holt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Forecast."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0050","first-page":"42","article-title":"Optimizing a municipal wastewater-based Chlorella vulgaris photobioreactor for sequestering atmospheric CO2","volume":"118","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull. - South. Calif. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05859","article-title":"Ocean dumping of containerized DDT waste was a sloppy process","volume":"53","author":"Kivenson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0060","unstructured":"LAC, 2025. Toxics TMDL: Copper pollution reduction programs. https:\/\/beaches.lacounty.gov\/toxics-tmdl\/ (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0065","unstructured":"LASAN, 2021. Hyperion 2021 recovery. https:\/\/sanitation.lacity.gov\/san\/faces\/home\/portal\/s-lsh-wwd\/s-lsh-wwd-cw\/s-lsh-wwd-cw-p\/s-lsh-wwd-cw-p-hwrp\/s-lsh-au-h2021r?_afrLoop=10402912331102817&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null&_adf.ctrl-state=14p9zbe4yc_1#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26_afrLoop%3D10402912331102817%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D14p9zbe4yc_5 (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0070","unstructured":"LASAN, 2025. Santa Monica Bay. https:\/\/sanitation.lacity.gov\/san\/faces\/home\/portal\/s-lsh-wwd\/s-lsh-wwd-wp\/s-lsh-wwd-wp-ewmp\/s-lsh-wwd-wp-ewmp-smb?_afrLoop=17936166041003141&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null&_adf.ctrl-state=ppl8z4a1x_1#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26_afrLoop%3D17936166041003141%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3Dppl8z4a1x_5 (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0075","series-title":"Marine Monitoring in Santa Monica Bay: Biennial Assessment Report for the Period January 2015 Through December 2016","article-title":"Sediment chemistry","author":"Lei","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.12.182","article-title":"Historical record and fluxes of DDTs at the Palos Verdes Shelf superfund site, California","volume":"581-582","author":"Liao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02472006","article-title":"Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments","volume":"19","author":"Long","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0090","unstructured":"NPDES, 2023. Hyperion Water Reclamation Plant (HWRP). https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/npdes-permits\/npdes-permit-no-ca0109991-order-r4-2023-0033-city-los-angeles-hyperion-water (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0095","first-page":"1580","article-title":"To freeze, or not to freeze: the impact of subzero temperature on quantifying organic contaminants in ocean sediments","volume":"21","author":"Otim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0100","first-page":"812","article-title":"Examining the correlation between quantifiable SVOCs and organic carbon content or particulate size in benthic sediments as a function of ocean stratum","volume":"22","author":"Otim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5262","article-title":"A morphometric assessment of the condition of white croakers (Genyonemus Lineatus) and queenfish (Seriphus Politus) with access to a wastewater outfall and a DDT\/polychlorinated biphenyl superfund site: a Los Angeles Outer Harbor case study","volume":"41","author":"Otim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12116","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c03032","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of sediment toxicity in an ocean ecosystem: a southern California bight case study","volume":"55","author":"Otim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-018-6530-9","article-title":"The effect of a massive wastewater discharge on nearshore ocean chemistry","volume":"190","author":"Otim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.178080","article-title":"Aroclor speciation by unsupervised exploratory analysis of congener proportions in multivariate space: a southern California bight sediment and fish study","volume":"958","author":"Phan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2024.465018","article-title":"Nitrogen can substitute helium as a mobile phase in the analysis of wastewater treatment matrices for persistent organic pollutants by gas chromatography \u2013 electron capture detection system","volume":"1728","author":"Phan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0130","author":"PSU"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1997.0659","article-title":"Characterization of solid and metal element distribution in urban highway stormwater","volume":"36","author":"Sansalone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0140","series-title":"Marine Monitoring in Santa Monica Bay: Biennial Assessment Report for the Period January 2015 Through December 2016","article-title":"Tissue chemistry","author":"Savinelli","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb5000","author":"SWRCB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0145","unstructured":"Thompson, B., 1992. Recovery of Santa Monica Bay from sludge discharge. https:\/\/ftp.sccwrp.org\/pub\/download\/DOCUMENTS\/TechnicalReports\/261_SludgeDischargeSMB_Recovery.pdf (accessed 4 July 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0150","author":"USEPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0155","author":"USEPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0160","author":"USEPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0165","author":"USEPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0170","unstructured":"USEPA, 2008. Palos Verdes Shelf superfund site fact sheet. https:\/\/19january2017snapshot.epa.gov\/www3\/region9\/superfund\/pvshelf\/pdf\/PVS-Factsheet-0208-English.pdf (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0175","unstructured":"USEPA, 2012. Santa Monica Bay Total Maximum Daily Loads for DDTs and PCBs. https:\/\/www.waterboards.ca.gov\/rwqcb4\/water_issues\/programs\/tmdl\/Established\/SantaMonica\/FinalSantaMonicaBayDDTPCBsTMDL.pdf (accessed 28 June 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0180","unstructured":"USEPA, 2025a. Santa Monica Bay National Estuary Program. https:\/\/www.smbnep.org\/ (accessed 20 August 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0185","unstructured":"USEPA, 2025b. Clean Water Act Section 303(d): Impaired waters and Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/tmdl (accessed 20 August 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0190","series-title":"Optimizing Stormwater Treatment Practices: A Handbook of Assessment and Maintenance","author":"Weiss","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.173323","article-title":"Fine particulate matter as a key factor promoting the spread of antibiotics in river network","volume":"935","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655_bb4000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.04.034","article-title":"Detecting change-point, trend, and seasonality in satellite time series data to track abrupt changes and nonlinear dynamics: a Bayesian ensemble algorithm","volume":"232","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969725022958?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969725022958?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T18:02:51Z","timestamp":1763488971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969725022958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0048969725022958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Streamlining long-term trends detection in benthic contamination: A Santa Monica Bay (USA) test case","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Science of The Total Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180655","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"180655"}}