{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:28:49Z","timestamp":1785900529140,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","seizure-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seizure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T09:25:46Z","timestamp":1645953946000},"page":"8-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Surgery for tuberous sclerosis complex-related epilepsy: Risk factors for an unfavorable seizure outcome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9757-2061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piergiorgio","family":"d'Orio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Pelliccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4628-3427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Biondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pina","family":"Scarpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Gozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Revay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5141-9202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cardinale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1891-7648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Cossu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16035","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.35","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"2","author":"Henske","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra055323","article-title":"The tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"355","author":"Crino","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9639","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61279-9","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis","volume":"372","author":"Curatolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02474.x","article-title":"The natural history of epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"51","author":"Chu-Shore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.8.PEDS1285","article-title":"Electrocorticographic evidence of perituberal cortex epileptogenicity in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2021.07.011","article-title":"Updated International Tuberous sclerosis complex diagnostic criteria and survelliance and management reccomendation","volume":"123","author":"Northrup","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12680","article-title":"Severity of manifestations in tuberous sclerosis complex in relation to genotype","volume":"55","author":"Kothare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0008","series-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex: genes, clinical features, and therapeutics","first-page":"285","article-title":"Pathogenesis of TSC in the brain","author":"Crino","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz411","article-title":"Resective epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis complex: a nationwide multicentre retrospective study from China","volume":"143","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.03.022","article-title":"Predictors and long-term outcome of resective epilepsy surgery in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: a single-centre retrospective cohort study","volume":"88","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2021.1253","article-title":"Surgery for drug-resistant tuberous sclerosis complex-associated epilepsy: who, when, and what","volume":"23","author":"Specchio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16410","article-title":"Epileptogenicity in tuberous sclerosis complex: A stereoelectroencephalographic study","volume":"61","author":"Neal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.02.016","article-title":"Predictors of seizure freedom after surgical management of tuberous sclerosis complex: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"105","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53565","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053565","article-title":"Predictors of seizure outcomes in children with tuberous sclerosis complex and intractable epilepsy undergoing resective epilepsy surgery: an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Fallah","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117506","article-title":"Seizure outcome after epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis complex: Results and analysis of predictors from a multicenter study","volume":"427","author":"Vannicola","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157396","article-title":"Novel histopathological patterns in cortical tubers of epilepsy surgery patients with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"11","author":"M\u00fchlebner","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13671","article-title":"Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types","volume":"58","author":"Fisher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5535-2","article-title":"MRI findings reveal three different types of tubers in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"257","author":"Gallagher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0019","series-title":"Surgical treatment of the epilepsies","first-page":"609","article-title":"Outcome with respect to epileptic seizures","author":"Engel","year":"1993"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.19.1690","article-title":"What's the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes","volume":"280","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2017.06.003","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery in patients older than 50 years: effectiveness, safety, and predictors of outcome","volume":"50","author":"d'Orio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-318282","article-title":"Surgery in patients with childhood-onset epilepsy: analysis of complications and predictive risk factors for a severely complicated course","volume":"90","author":"d'Orio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36740","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery outcome in children with focal epilepsy due to tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"33","author":"Karenfort","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01112.x","article-title":"Surgical outcome in tuberous sclerosis complex: a multicenter survey","volume":"48","author":"Madhavan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.01.001","article-title":"Cortical tubers, cognition, and epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis","volume":"44","author":"Kassiri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12371","article-title":"Predictors of seizure-free outcome after epilepsy surgery for pediatric tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"54","author":"Krsek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000875","article-title":"Resective epilepsy surgery for tuberous sclerosis in children: determining predictors of seizure outcomes in a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"77","author":"Fallah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8507-y","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"264","author":"Liang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000106947.18643.1D","article-title":"Long-term outcome of epilepsy surgery in patients with tuberous sclerosis","volume":"62","author":"Jarrar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02669.x","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis complex: emphasis on surgical candidate and neuropsychology","volume":"51","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0031","first-page":"139","article-title":"Brain lesions in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"48","author":"Grajkowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Folia Neuropathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-0950-3","article-title":"Cytoarchitectural alterations are widespread in cerebral cortex in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"123","author":"Marcotte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01207.x","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery in children: results and predictors of outcome on seizures","volume":"49","author":"Cossu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0034","first-page":"133","article-title":"The role of neural activity in synaptic development and its implications for adult brain function","volume":"79","author":"Aamodt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1053\/spen.2000.16651","article-title":"Consequences of epilepsy in the developing brain: implications for surgical management","volume":"7","author":"Stafstrom","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70626-3","article-title":"Effects of seizures on developmental processes in the immature brain","volume":"5","author":"Ben-Ari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285611417920","article-title":"The cognitive impact of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"4","author":"Eddy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2008.00062.x","article-title":"The aspects and mechanisms of cognitive alterations in epilepsy: the role of antiepileptic medications","volume":"15","author":"Hamed","year":"2009","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01035.x","article-title":"Stafstrom CE, and the tuberous sclerosis study group. Tuberous sclerosis complex and epilepsy: recent developments and future challenges","volume":"48","author":"Holmes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["Seizure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1059131122000401?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1059131122000401?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T01:58:41Z","timestamp":1761011921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1059131122000401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1059131122000401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-1311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-1311","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Surgery for tuberous sclerosis complex-related epilepsy: Risk factors for an unfavorable seizure outcome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seizure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.02.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}