{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:39:08Z","timestamp":1790167148799,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]],"date-time":"2023-08-26T10:57:51Z","timestamp":1693047471000},"page":"152258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The phenotype of mixed connective tissue disease patients having associated interstitial lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5891-1868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Boleto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silje","family":"Reiseter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Hoffmann-Vold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"Mirouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Cacoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Matucci-Cerinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Silv\u00e9rio-Ant\u00f3nio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Eurico","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Pestana Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Riccieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Lescoat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwan","family":"Le Tallec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Castellv\u00ed Barranco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Tandaipan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Air\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Kuwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Kavosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Avouac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Allanore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(72)90064-2","article-title":"Mixed connective tissue disease\u2013an apparently distinct rheumatic disease syndrome associated with a specific antibody to an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA)","volume":"52","author":"Sharp","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.38.386","article-title":"Mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"38","author":"Kasukawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.1999.0080","article-title":"Mixed connective tissue disease: overlap syndromes","volume":"14","author":"Maddison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Best Practice Res Clinic Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.008","article-title":"The diagnosis and classification of mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"48\u201349","author":"Tani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2011.07.010","article-title":"To be or not to be,\u2019 ten years after: evidence for mixed connective tissue disease as a distinct entity","volume":"41","author":"Cappelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200607-912OC","article-title":"Prognosis of fibrotic interstitial pneumonia: idiopathic versus collagen vascular disease-related subtypes","volume":"175","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.08.015","article-title":"Does the presence of connective tissue disease modify survival in patients with pulmonary fibrosis?","volume":"105","author":"Navaratnam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217455","article-title":"Progressive interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease in the EUSTAR database","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.066068","article-title":"Changes in causes of death in systemic sclerosis","volume":"66","author":"Steen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.114264","article-title":"Causes and risk factors for death in systemic sclerosis: a study from the EULAR scleroderma trials and research (EUSTAR) database","volume":"69","author":"Tyndall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211448","article-title":"Mapping and predicting mortality from systemic sclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Elhai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/2397198320915042","article-title":"Update on morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis\u2013related interstitial lung disease","volume":"6","author":"Volkmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Scleroderma Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201253","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease: a nationwide, cross-sectional study","volume":"71","author":"Gunnarsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0014","series-title":"Mixed connective tissue disease and anti-nuclear antibodies","first-page":"41","article-title":"Preliminary diagnostic criteria for classification of mixed connective tissue disease","author":"Kasukawa","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2013.10.010","article-title":"Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: similarity and difference","volume":"35","author":"Bryson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.684699","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a common lesion with heterogeneous mechanisms and treatment considerations","volume":"12","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201709-1845OC","article-title":"Reliability and minimal clinically important differences of FVC. Results from the scleroderma lung studies (SLS-I and SLS-II)","volume":"197","author":"Kafaja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198403000-00003","article-title":"A prospective evaluation emphasizing pulmonary involvement in patients with mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"63","author":"Sullivan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199905)42:5<899::AID-ANR8>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Long-term outcome in mixed connective tissue disease: longitudinal clinical and serologic findings","volume":"42","author":"Burdt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3097","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue diseases: evolving concepts of pathogenesis and management","volume":"12","author":"Castelino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"151","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0100-2018","article-title":"Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: knowns and unknowns","volume":"28","author":"Cottin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-200104000-00005","article-title":"Pulmonary involvement in mixed connective tissue disease: high-resolution CT findings in 41 patients","volume":"16","author":"Kozuka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200205000-00006","article-title":"Pulmonary involvement in mixed connective tissue disease: comparison with other collagen vascular diseases using high resolution CT","volume":"26","author":"Saito","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh575","article-title":"Evaluation of interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD)","volume":"44","author":"Bodolay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex077","article-title":"Progression and mortality of interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease: a long-term observational nationwide cohort study","volume":"57","author":"Reiseter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121272","article-title":"Clinical course, prognosis, and causes of death in mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"40","author":"Hajas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.12.018","article-title":"Esophageal involvement and interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"103","author":"Fagundes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2626","article-title":"Predictors of mortality and progression in scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review","volume":"146","author":"Winstone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(12)90338-8","article-title":"Gastrointestinal manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"98","author":"Marshall","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0030","first-page":"234","article-title":"Pulmonary involvement in long-term mixed connective tissue disease: functional trends and image findings after 10 years","volume":"33","author":"Kawano-Dourado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204424","article-title":"2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: an American college of rheumatology\/European league against rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"72","author":"den","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38390","article-title":"Prediction of Pulmonary Complications and Long-Term Survival in Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"66","author":"Nihtyanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R166","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3125","article-title":"Predictors of interstitial lung disease in early systemic sclerosis: a prospective longitudinal study of the GENISOS cohort","volume":"12","author":"Assassi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02026-2019","article-title":"Predictors of progression in systemic sclerosis patients with interstitial lung disease","volume":"55","author":"Distler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140047","article-title":"Performance of the 2013 American college of rheumatology\/european league against rheumatism classification criteria for systemic sclerosis (SSc) in large, well-defined cohorts of SSc and mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"42","author":"Hoffmann-Vold","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev300","article-title":"Associations between anti-Ro52 antibodies and lung fibrosis in mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"55","author":"Gunnarsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21968","article-title":"Does C-reactive protein predict the long-term progression of interstitial lung disease and survival in patients with early systemic sclerosis?","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2021.1907014","article-title":"C-reactive protein and ground-glass opacity as predictors for intractable interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis under cyclophosphamide treatment regardless of concomitant glucocorticoids","volume":"32","author":"Yoshida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Modern Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0563CI","article-title":"Risk factors, and biomarkers in systemic sclerosis with interstitial lung disease","volume":"201","author":"Khanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049017223001002?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049017223001002?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T17:11:19Z","timestamp":1758733879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0049017223001002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0049017223001002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-0172"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-0172","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The phenotype of mixed connective tissue disease patients having associated interstitial lung disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152258","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"152258"}}