{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:44:28Z","timestamp":1784259868982,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T11:51:58Z","timestamp":1703245918000},"page":"152356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["High prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) among obese young patients \u2013 A retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5956-5909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shay","family":"Brikman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazan","family":"Lubani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reuven","family":"Mader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Bieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(78)90036-7","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Ankylosing hyperostosis of Forestier and Rote's-Querol","volume":"7","author":"Resnick","year":"1978","journal-title":"Sem Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030563","article-title":"Imaging characteristics of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: more than just spinal bony bridges","volume":"13","author":"Eshed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.165","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: clinical features and pathogenic mechanisms","volume":"9","author":"Mader","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2020.101527","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: etiology and clinical relevance","volume":"34","author":"Kuperus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep308","article-title":"Extraspinal manifestations of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis","volume":"48","author":"Mader","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2011.01.001","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and its relation to back pain among older men: the MrOS Study","volume":"41","author":"Holton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57101005","article-title":"Identifying clinicoradiological phenotypes in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"57","author":"Clavaguera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21742","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis prevalence in subjects with severe atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases","volume":"64","author":"Zincarelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0009","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Growth promoting peptides in osteoarthritis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis\u2013insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, growth hormone","volume":"21","author":"Denko","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.01.010","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in patients with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis","volume":"38","author":"Mader","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040350.175","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome is a predisposing factor for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis","volume":"18","author":"Okada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11070663","article-title":"Visceral adipose tissue and different measures of adiposity in different severities of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis","volume":"11","author":"Harlianto","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.03.003","article-title":"Obesity and calcification of the ligaments of the spine: a comprehensive CT analysis of the entire spine in a random trauma population","volume":"19","author":"Chaput","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2020.1846779","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in elderly Icelanders and its association with the metabolic syndrome: the AGES-Reykjavik study","volume":"50","author":"Au\u00f0unsson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2018.06.008","article-title":"Abdominal fat distribution in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and ankylosing spondylitis patients compared to controls","volume":"73","author":"Dan Lantsman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-020-00972-x","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and a possible inflammatory component","volume":"23","author":"Mader","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-023-06574-z","article-title":"Early stages of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and chronic inflammation: the camargo cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Pariente","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-223740","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in a 33-year-old woman with PCOS and metabolic syndrome: a rare scenario","volume":"12","author":"Chitten","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.11.1335","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Budapest, Hungary","volume":"41","author":"Kiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0020","first-page":"123","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in a female Italian population","volume":"23","author":"Pappone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0021","first-page":"1635","article-title":"The prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in an outpatient population in The Netherlands","volume":"35","author":"Westerveld","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-014-0583-9","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) of the whole spine and its association with lumbar spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis: the ROAD study","volume":"33","author":"Kagotani","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2017.11.1.63","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in patients with spinal disorders","volume":"11","author":"Toyoda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2018.10.1.41","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis diagnosed by whole spine computed tomography: a preliminary study","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2108-5","article-title":"Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) assessed with whole-spine computed tomography in 1479 subjects","volume":"19","author":"Hiyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1474","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002752","article-title":"Regional differences in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a retrospective cohort study from Sweden and Japan","volume":"43","author":"Hirasawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-022-01545-x","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in Italy","volume":"127","author":"Ciaffi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0028","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis prevalence, characteristics, and associated comorbidities: a cross-sectional study of 1815 whole spine CT scans [published online ahead of print, 2022 Oct 26]","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397115666190625105759","article-title":"How to treat osteoarthritis in obese patients?","volume":"16","author":"Conrozier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283438e13","article-title":"Risk factors for gout and prevention: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170806","article-title":"The rising incidence of gout and the increasing burden of comorbidities: a population-based study over 20 years","volume":"45","author":"Elfishawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002950","article-title":"Risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in Taiwan: a population-based cohort study","volume":"88","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061510","article-title":"Weight-related and personal risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in the Northern Finland birth cohort 1966","volume":"11","author":"Lampainen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000918","article-title":"Musculoskeletal pain profile of obese individuals attending a multidisciplinary weight management service","volume":"158","author":"MacLellan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4478","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17124478","article-title":"Association of pain, severe pain, and multisite pain with the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in severely obese adults: baseline data from the DieTBra trial","volume":"17","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2020.33.3.245","article-title":"High prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in individuals with severe obesity: sites, intensity, and associated factors","volume":"33","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0037","article-title":"Body mass index and the risk of rheumatic disease: linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization analyses [published online ahead of print, 2023 May 23]","volume":"10","author":"Karlsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4355-x","article-title":"Diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis with chest computed tomography: inter-observer agreement","volume":"27","author":"Oudkerk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0039","first-page":"620","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: isolated involvement of cervical spine in a young patient","volume":"31","author":"Mader","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803349","article-title":"Musculoskeletal findings in obese subjects before and after weight loss following bariatric surgery","volume":"31","author":"Hooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-022-05272-6","article-title":"Morbid obesity and severe knee osteoarthritis: which should be treated first?","volume":"26","author":"Purcell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases9040088","article-title":"Association and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Mitra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.03.002","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis of the cervical spine causing dysphagia and airway obstruction: an updated systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Harlianto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2019.1667044","article-title":"Respiratory presentation of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH): management and review of the literature","volume":"40","author":"Dell'Era","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2524-3","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome associated to non-inflammatory Achilles enthesopathy","volume":"33","author":"Abate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/zm9e6u","article-title":"High prevalence of ultrasound-defined enthesitis in patients with metabolic syndrome. Comment on: how normal is the enthesis by ultrasound in healthy subjects? Di Matteo et\u00a0al","volume":"39","author":"Falsetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2020.12.005","article-title":"Diffuse peripheral enthesitis in metabolic syndrome: a retrospective clinical and power doppler ultrasound study","volume":"18","author":"Falsetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049017223001981?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0049017223001981?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T17:11:45Z","timestamp":1758733905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0049017223001981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0049017223001981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-0172"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-0172","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) among obese young patients \u2013 A retrospective observational study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152356","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"152356"}}