{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T02:28:25Z","timestamp":1780367305049,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":196,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Cancer Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T06:54:40Z","timestamp":1776927280000},"page":"30-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The role of gut microbiota in obesity-related cancers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Wencheng","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenglong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0089-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dingjiacheng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2024.07.012","article-title":"Rising incidence of obesity-related cancers among younger adults in China: a population-based analysis (2007\u20132021)","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.11.009","article-title":"Obesity shapes metabolism in the tumor microenvironment to suppress anti-tumor immunity","volume":"183","author":"Ringel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Complexity of Insulin Resistance in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Cell2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.03.033.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.03.033"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0025-6","article-title":"Gut Microbiota-Mediated Inflammation in Obesity: A Link with Gastrointestinal Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Cani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib5","article-title":"The Type III Secretion System (T3SS) of Escherichia coli Promotes Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. Weinh. Baden. -Wurtt. Ger."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08135-z","article-title":"Colibactin-driven colon cancer requires adhesin-mediated epithelial binding","author":"Jans","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-025-01287-w","article-title":"The Gut Microbiome and Cancer: From Tumorigenesis to Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Nobels","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01693-0","article-title":"Intratumoural microbiota: a new frontier in cancer development and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02335-3","article-title":"Microbiota in cancer: current understandings and future perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Yao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib10","article-title":"Alterations of gut microbiome and metabolite profiles associated with anabatic lipid dysmetabolism in thyroid cancer","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2025.2502138","article-title":"Fusobacterium mortiferum and its metabolite 5-aminovaleric acid promote the development of colorectal cancer in obese individuals through Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway by DKK2","volume":"17","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-315084","article-title":"Gut microbiome analysis as a tool towards targeted non-invasive biomarkers for early hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"68","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2306776121","article-title":"A high-fat diet promotes cancer progression by inducing gut microbiota\u2013mediated leucine production and PMN-MDSC differentiation","volume":"121","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53041-4","article-title":"Fecal microbiome signatures of pancreatic cancer patients","volume":"9","author":"Half","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib15","article-title":"Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0177","article-title":"Microbiome Changes in Esophageal Cancer: Implications for Pathogenesis and Prognosis","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Invasive Salmonella Typhimurium Colonizes Gallbladder and Contributes to Gallbladder Carcinogenesis through Activation of Host Epigenetic Modulator KDM6B. Cancer Lett. 2025, 618, 217621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2025.217621.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2025.217621"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30700","article-title":"Gastric Microbiota Features Associated with Cancer Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes: A Pilot Study in Gastric Cardia Cancer Patients from Shanxi, China","volume":"141","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-019-0603-4","article-title":"The Differential Distribution of Bacteria between Cancerous and Noncancerous Ovarian Tissues in Situ","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"6120","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232467","article-title":"Host-Derived Nitrate Boosts Growth of E. Coli in the Inflamed Gut","volume":"339","author":"Winter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer as an Emerging Disease of Metabolic Dysregulation","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2236749","article-title":"Gut Microbial Beta-Glucuronidase: A Vital Regulator in Female Estrogen Metabolism","volume":"15","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.05.002","article-title":"Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression","volume":"20","author":"Orci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gut Microbiome in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma","author":"Lau","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"7456","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12347","article-title":"Obesity-Induced Gut Microbial Metabolite Promotes Liver Cancer through Senescence Secretome","volume":"499","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-16-0932","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Promotes Obesity-Associated Liver Cancer through PGE2-Mediated Suppression of Antitumor Immunity","volume":"7","author":"Loo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.005","article-title":"Bifidobacterium Pseudolongum-Generated Acetate Suppresses Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"79","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104952","article-title":"Lactobacillus Acidophilus Suppresses Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Producing Valeric Acid","volume":"100","author":"Lau","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603703","article-title":"Obesity and the Risk of Gallbladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"96","author":"Larsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib30","article-title":"Obesity Reprograms the Normal Pancreas and Pancreatic Cancer Microbiome in Mice and Humans","volume":"4","author":"da Cruz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Micro"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.07.008","article-title":"Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes","volume":"178","author":"Riquelme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7681","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24462","article-title":"Identification of Unique Neoantigen Qualities in Long-Term Survivors of Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"551","author":"Balachandran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7777","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1608-2","article-title":"The Fungal Mycobiome Promotes Pancreatic Oncogenesis via Activation of MBL","volume":"574","author":"Aykut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300551","article-title":"C. C. A Prospective Cohort Study of Obesity and Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study","volume":"61","author":"O\u2019Doherty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32403","article-title":"Microbial Characterization of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma from a High-Risk Region of China","volume":"125","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-022-10026-6","article-title":"Cross-Talk between the Microbiome and Chronic Inflammation in Esophageal Cancer: Potential Driver of Oncogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Metastas-.-. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-023-02740-y","article-title":"Host Obesity Alters the Ovarian Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Impacts Response to Standard of Care Chemotherapy","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1515563","article-title":"Correlation between Uterine Microbiota and Pregnancy Outcomes of Embryo Transfer in Overweight and Obese Women","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-016-0368-y","article-title":"Potential Contribution of the Uterine Microbiome in the Development of Endometrial Cancer","volume":"8","author":"Walther-Ant\u00f3nio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e38310","article-title":"Tumor Microbiota of Renal Cell Carcinoma Affects Clinical Prognosis by Influencing the Tumor Immune Microenvironment","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3220","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI41514","article-title":"Pregnane X Receptor Activation Induces FGF19-Dependent Tumor Aggressiveness in Humans and Mice","volume":"121","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib42","article-title":"Carnobacterium Maltaromaticum Boosts Intestinal Vitamin D Production to Suppress Colorectal Cancer in Female Mice","volume":"41","author":"Q","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"7797","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2047-9","article-title":"Global Chemical Effects of the Microbiome Include New Bile-Acid Conjugations","volume":"579","author":"Quinn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of Bile Acids on the Growth, Composition and Metabolism of Gut Bacteria","volume":"10","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Npj Biofilms Micro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319664","article-title":"Dietary Cholesterol Drives Fatty Liver-Associated Liver Cancer by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6391","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan5931","article-title":"Gut Microbiome\u2013Mediated Bile Acid Metabolism Regulates Liver Cancer via NKT Cells","volume":"360","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.119","article-title":"Bile Acid\u2013Microbiota Crosstalk in Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Carcinogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.02.014","article-title":"Bile Acids Modified by the Intestinal Microbiota Promote Colorectal Cancer Growth by Suppressing CD8+ T Cell Effector Functions","volume":"57","author":"Cong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36089-9","article-title":"Bile Salt Hydrolase in Non-Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides Potentiates Colorectal Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.036","article-title":"FXR Regulates Intestinal Cancer Stem Cell Proliferation","volume":"176","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3352","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2860","article-title":"Western Diet Deregulates Bile Acid Homeostasis, Cell Proliferation, and Tumorigenesis in Colon","volume":"77","author":"Dermadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325851","article-title":"Squalene Epoxidase Drives Cancer Cell Proliferation and Promotes Gut Dysbiosis to Accelerate Colorectal Carcinogenesis","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201606","article-title":"Lipid Metabolism and Cancer","volume":"218","author":"Bian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2222","article-title":"Fatty Acid Synthase and the Lipogenic Phenotype in Cancer Pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Menendez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.04.013","article-title":"Acetylated Cellulose Suppresses Body Mass Gain through Gut Commensals Consuming Host-Accessible Carbohydrates","volume":"37","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib56","article-title":"Gut Parabacteroides Distasonis-Derived Indole-3-Acetic Acid Promotes Phospholipid Remodeling and Enhances Ferroptosis Sensitivity via the AhR-FASN Axis in Bladder Cancer","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. Weinh. Baden. -Wurtt. Ger."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.07.006","article-title":"Circulating Adipose Fatty Acid Binding Protein Is a New Link Underlying Obesity-Associated Breast\/Mammary Tumor Development","volume":"28","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-1999","article-title":"Adipocyte-Induced FABP4 Expression in Ovarian Cancer Cells Promotes Metastasis and Mediates Carboplatin Resistance","volume":"80","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2923","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04987-y","article-title":"FABP4 as a Key Determinant of Metastatic Potential of Ovarian Cancer","volume":"9","author":"Gharpure","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib60","article-title":"FABP4 in Macrophages Facilitates Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Cancer Progression via the NLRP3\/IL-1\u03b2 Axis","volume":"575","author":"Jian Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.03.004","article-title":"FABP4: A New Player in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adm9805","article-title":"Direct Sensing of Dietary \u03c9-6 Linoleic Acid through FABP5-mTORC1 Signaling","author":"Koundouros","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-01019-6","article-title":"Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 Suppression Attenuates Obesity-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting Ferroptosis and Intratumoral Immune Rewiring","volume":"6","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, Y.; Huang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Bao, W.; Lu, Z.; Zhao, W.; Rukeya, Y.; He, P.; Qi, J.; Liu, S.; Jiang, X.; Zhang, R.; Yu, K.; Wang, D.; Sun, Y.; Zhao, G.; Wang, Q. Enterococcus Faecalis Hijacks FABP2 to Activate Quorum-Sensing Signals and Aggravate Crohn\u2019s Disease by Inducing Gut Dysbiosis. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-334604.","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-334604"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2139978","article-title":"FABP4 in Paneth Cells Regulates Antimicrobial Protein Expression to Reprogram Gut Microbiota","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1325","article-title":"Effect of a Multistrain Probiotic on Cognitive Function and Risk of Falls in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Randomized Trial","volume":"3","author":"Rom\u00e1n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2302878120","article-title":"CPT1A-Mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation Confers Cancer Cell Resistance to Immune-Mediated Cytolytic Killing","volume":"120","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2014681118","article-title":"Butyrate Enhances CPT1A Activity to Promote Fatty Acid Oxidation and iTreg Differentiation","volume":"118","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.05.014","article-title":"Gut Microbiota-Derived Butyrate Induces Epigenetic and Metabolic Reprogramming in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Alleviate Primary Biliary Cholangitis","volume":"167","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib70","first-page":"1","article-title":"Endogenous Coriobacteriaceae Enriched by a High-Fat Diet Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis through the CPT1A-ERK Axis","volume":"10","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Npj Biofilms Micro"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.01.009","article-title":"Gut Microbiome Lipid Metabolism and Its Impact on Host Physiology","volume":"31","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.11.003","article-title":"Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Cancer","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.05.015","article-title":"Omega-3 Fatty Acids Prevent Inflammation and Metabolic Disorder through Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation","volume":"38","author":"Yan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACSL4 and Polyunsaturated Lipids Support Metastatic Extravasation and Colonization. Cell 2025, 188 (2), 412-429.e27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.047.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.047"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.041","article-title":"High-Fat Diet Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis Through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites","volume":"162","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00661-4","article-title":"Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in the Regulation of Host Immune Responses and Immune-Related Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib77","article-title":"Mechanisms Regulating Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Its Pathological Implications","volume":"50","author":"C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1403","article-title":"Changes in Gut Microbiota Control Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Diabetes in Mice","volume":"57","author":"Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1491","article-title":"Metabolic Endotoxemia Initiates Obesity and Insulin Resistance","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5249.665","article-title":"IRS-1-Mediated Inhibition of Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Activity in TNF-\u03b1- and Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7978","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06466-x","article-title":"Gut Microbial Carbohydrate Metabolism Contributes to Insulin Resistance","volume":"621","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.115370","article-title":"Intestinal Microbiota Affects the Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Participating in the Host Intestinal Arginine Catabolism","volume":"44","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.06.003","article-title":"Proteobacteria Impair Anti-Tumor Immunity in the Omentum by Consuming Arginine","volume":"32","author":"Meza-Perez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.70053","article-title":"The Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite Indole-3-Propionic Acid Enhances Leptin Sensitivity by Targeting STAT3 against Diet-Induced Obesity","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.12.013","article-title":"Fatty Acid Overproduction by Gut Commensal Microbiota Exacerbates Obesity","volume":"35","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9066","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219451110","article-title":"Cross-Talk between Akkermansia Muciniphila and Intestinal Epithelium Controls Diet-Induced Obesity","volume":"110","author":"Everard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14081","article-title":"L-Arginine Metabolism Ameliorates Age-Related Cognitive Impairment by Amuc_1100-Mediated Gut Homeostasis Maintaining","volume":"23","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G906","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00043.2007","article-title":"Bile Acids Modulate Tight Junction Structure and Barrier Function of Caco-2 Monolayers via EGFR Activation","volume":"294","author":"Raimondi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. -Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G81","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00065.2015","article-title":"Bile Acids Regulate Intestinal Cell Proliferation by Modulating EGFR and FXR Signaling","volume":"310","author":"Dossa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. -Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.12.013","article-title":"Inflammation in Obesity, Diabetes, and Related Disorders","volume":"55","author":"Rohm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Inflammation and Tumor Progression: Signaling Pathways and Targeted Intervention","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00727-x","article-title":"The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype and Its Physiological and Pathological Implications","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104670","article-title":"Altered Gut Microbiota of Obesity Subjects Promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Mice","volume":"93","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03773-0","article-title":"Obesity Exacerbates Colitis-Associated Cancer via IL-6-Regulated Macrophage Polarisation and CCL-20\/CCR-6-Mediated Lymphocyte Recruitment","volume":"9","author":"Wunderlich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3680","article-title":"Regulatory B Cells Are Induced by Gut Microbiota-Driven Interleukin-1\u03b2 and Interleukin-6 Production","volume":"20","author":"Rosser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e454","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00087-4","article-title":"Obesity and Risk of Diseases Associated with Hallmarks of Cellular Ageing: A Multicohort Study","volume":"5","author":"Kivim\u00e4ki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.11.001","article-title":"Meta-Hallmarks of Aging and Cancer","volume":"35","author":"L\u00f3pez-Ot\u00edn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-025-01938-4","article-title":"Dietary Fibre Counters the Oncogenic Potential of Colibactin-Producing Escherichia coli in Colorectal Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Thakur","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib99","unstructured":"Ylli, D.; Sidhu, S.; Parikh, T.; Burman, K.D. Endocrine Changes in Obesity. In Endotext; Feingold, K. R., Ahmed, S. F., Anawalt, B., Blackman, M. R., Boyce, A., Chrousos, G., Corpas, E., de Herder, W. W., Dhatariya, K., Dungan, K., Hofland, J., Kalra, S., Kaltsas, G., Kapoor, N., Koch, C., Kopp, P., Korbonits, M., Kovacs, C. S., Kuohung, W., Laferr\u00e8re, B., Levy, M., McGee, E. A., McLachlan, R., Muzumdar, R., Purnell, J., Rey, R., Sahay, R., Shah, A. S., Singer, F., Sperling, M. A., Stratakis, C. A., Trence, D. L., Wilson, D. P., Eds.; MDText.com, Inc.: South Dartmouth (MA), 2000."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-23-3966","article-title":"Estrogen Induces LCAT to Maintain Cholesterol Homeostasis and Suppress Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development","volume":"84","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05956-0","article-title":"WFDC3 Inhibits Tumor Metastasis by Promoting the ER\u03b2-Mediated Transcriptional Repression of TGFBR1 in Colorectal Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(03)00053-7","article-title":"The Metabolic Syndrome as a Vicious Cycle: Does Obesity Beget Obesity?","volume":"60","author":"Girod","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"issue":"7285","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(63)91500-9","article-title":"The Glucose Fatty-Acid Cycle. Its Role in Insulin Sensitivity and the Metabolic Disturbances of Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"1","author":"Randle","year":"1963","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10842","article-title":"Obesity and Insulin Resistance","volume":"106","author":"Kahn","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-020-0295-5","article-title":"Hyperinsulinaemia in Cancer","volume":"20","author":"Gallagher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2020.05.004","article-title":"Rethinking the Relationship between Insulin and Cancer","volume":"31","author":"Vigneri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.03.033","article-title":"S. M. S. Complexity of Insulin Resistance in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer","volume":"43","author":"B\u00fcsselberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0000000000000435","article-title":"Serum Glucose and Insulin and Risk of Cancers of the Breast, Endometrium, and Ovary in Postmenopausal Women","volume":"27","author":"Kabat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.2.1031","article-title":"Role of Hyperinsulinemia in Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Case Control Study from Kathmandu Valley","volume":"15","author":"Pandeya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000956","article-title":"Glycemic Status, Insulin Resistance, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer Mortality in Individuals With and Without Diabetes","volume":"115","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Off. J. Am. Coll. Gastroenterol. ACG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, K.; Chlebowski, R.T.; Mortimer, J.E.; Gunther, M.J.; Rohan, T.; Vitolins, M.Z.; Adams-Campbell, L.L.; Ho, G.Y.F.; Cheng, T.-Y.D.; Nelson, R.A. Insulin Resistance and Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.33002.","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33002"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.10.003","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia Acts via Acinar Insulin Receptors to Initiate Pancreatic Cancer by Increasing Digestive Enzyme Production and Inflammation","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/183928","article-title":"Type 2 Diabetes and Breast Cancer: The Interplay between Impaired Glucose Metabolism and Oxidant Stress","volume":"2015","author":"Ferroni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"issue":"7719","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0343-4","article-title":"Suppression of Insulin Feedback Enhances the Efficacy of PI3K Inhibitors","volume":"560","author":"Hopkins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48775-0","article-title":"Circulating but Not Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Related to Insulin Sensitivity, Lipolysis and GLP-1 Concentrations in Humans","volume":"9","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"7771","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1503-x","article-title":"BCAA catabolism in brown fat controls energy homeostasis through SLC25A44","volume":"572","author":"Yoneshiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib117","article-title":"BCAA-BCKA Axis Regulates WAT Browning through Acetylation of PRDM16","volume":"4","author":"Qx","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"issue":"7612","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18646","article-title":"Human Gut Microbes Impact Host Serum Metabolome and Insulin Sensitivity","volume":"535","author":"Pedersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-022-00273-4","article-title":"Integrated Metagenomics Identifies a Crucial Role for Trimethylamine-Producing Lachnoclostridium in Promoting Atherosclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Npj Biofilms Micro"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2526","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46829-0","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-Oxide Impairs \u03b2-Cell Function and Glucose Tolerance","volume":"15","author":"Kong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.08.021","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-Oxide Binds and Activates PERK to Promote Metabolic Dysfunction","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib122","article-title":"Integrated Analysis Reveals the Gut Microbial Metabolite TMAO Promotes Inflammatory Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Upregulating POSTN","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.02.010","article-title":"The Microbial Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide Promotes Antitumor Immunity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abn0704","article-title":"The Microbiome-Derived Metabolite TMAO Drives Immune Activation and Boosts Responses to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Pancreatic Cancer","author":"Mirji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00805-x","article-title":"Bile Acids and the Gut Microbiota: Metabolic Interactions and Impacts on Disease","volume":"21","author":"Collins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.05.010","article-title":"A microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, tryptophan-cholic acid, improves glucose homeostasis via the orphan receptor mrgpre","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.03.034","article-title":"Gut symbionts alleviate MASH through a secondary bile acid biosynthetic pathway","volume":"187","author":"Nie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.12.006","article-title":"The intestinal fungus aspergillus tubingensis promotes polycystic ovary syndrome through a secondary metabolite","volume":"33","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib129","first-page":"73","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of the zinc metalloprotease insulin-degrading enzyme in normal and malignant human breast: correlation with tissue insulin levels","volume":"30","author":"Radulescu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.12.010","article-title":"17\u03b2-Estradiol regulates insulin-degrading enzyme expression via an ER\u03b2\/PI3-K pathway in hippocampus: relevance to Alzheimer\u2019s prevention","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020523000706","article-title":"Androgen- and Estrogen-Dependent Regulation of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in Subcellular Fractions of Rat Prostate and Uterus","volume":"230","author":"Udrisar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Francois, F.; Roper, J.; Goodman, A.J.; Pei, Z.; Ghumman, M.; Mourad, M.; Perez, A.Z.O. de; Perez-Perez, G.I.; Tseng, C.-H.; Blaser, M.J. The Association of Gastric Leptin with Oesophageal Inflammation and Metaplasia. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2007.131672.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.131672"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20191593","article-title":"The Pleiotropic Roles of Leptin in Metabolism, Immunity, and Cancer","volume":"218","author":"de Candia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib134","article-title":"Paradoxical Effects of Obesity on T Cell Function during Tumor Progression and PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade","volume":"25","author":"Z","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"8018","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07529-3","article-title":"Obesity Induces PD-1 on Macrophages to Suppress Anti-Tumour Immunity","volume":"630","author":"Bader","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109163","article-title":"The Gut Microbiota Regulates Hypothalamic Inflammation and Leptin Sensitivity in Western Diet-Fed Mice via a GLP-1R-Dependent Mechanism","volume":"35","author":"Heiss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The Global Landscape of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality in 2020 and Projections to 2040: New Estimates From GLOBOCAN 2020. Gastroenterology 2022, 163 (3), 649-658.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.05.054.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.05.054"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sex Disparities in Cancer. Cancer Lett. 2019, 466, 35\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.08.017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.08.017"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.02.013","article-title":"Sex Hormones, the Anticancer Immune Response, and Therapeutic Opportunities","volume":"43","author":"Conforti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-67-3-460","article-title":"Inhibition of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Production in the Human Hepatoma (Hep G2) Cell Line by Insulin and Prolactin*","volume":"67","author":"PLYMATE","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The Sexually Dimorphic Role of Adipose and Adipocyte Estrogen Receptors in Modulating Adipose Tissue Expansion, Inflammation, and Fibrosis. Mol. Metab. 2013, 2 (3), 227\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2013.05.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2013.05.006"},{"issue":"7915","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04522-6","article-title":"Androgen receptor activity in T cells limits checkpoint blockade efficacy","volume":"606","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib143","article-title":"Androgen Receptor-Mediated CD8+ T Cell Stemness Programs Drive Sex Differences in Antitumor Immunity","volume":"55","author":"C","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.02.029","article-title":"Microbiota-Derived Bile Acids Antagonize the Host Androgen Receptor and Drive Anti-Tumor Immunity","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1182","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00338.2019","article-title":"The Gut Microbiota Is a Major Regulator of Androgen Metabolism in Intestinal Contents","volume":"317","author":"Colld\u00e9n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.02.017","article-title":"Gut-Microbiome-Expressed 3\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Degrades Estradiol and Is Linked to Depression in Premenopausal Females","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib147","first-page":"10","article-title":"ESTROGENS AND COLO-RECTAL CANCER","volume":"5","author":"Cano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gynecol. Reprod. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2010.09.010","article-title":"Enterolactone and Breast Cancer: Methodological Issues May Contribute to Conflicting Results in Observational Studies","volume":"30","author":"Sonestedt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26157","article-title":"Serum Enterolactone and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk by Estrogen, Progesterone and Herceptin 2 Receptor Status","volume":"130","author":"Zaineddin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03422-24","article-title":"Improving Breast Cancer Treatments Using Pharmacomicrobiomics","author":"Pai","year":"2025","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.03.015","article-title":"Cancer Cell-Derived Arginine Fuels Polyamine Biosynthesis in Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Promote Immune Evasion","volume":"43","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063950","article-title":"Increased Plasma Citrulline in Mice Marks Diet-Induced Obesity and May Predict the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Sailer","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.09.031","article-title":"L-Arginine Modulates T Cell Metabolism and Enhances Survival and Anti-Tumor Activity","volume":"167","author":"Geiger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7882","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04003-2","article-title":"Metabolic Modulation of Tumours with Engineered Bacteria for Immunotherapy","volume":"598","author":"Canale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31126-5","article-title":"Adipocyte-Derived Kynurenine Promotes Obesity and Insulin Resistance by Activating the AhR\/STAT3\/IL-6 Signaling","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.02.005","article-title":"Tumor-Repopulating Cells Induce PD-1 Expression in CD8+ T Cells by Transferring Kynurenine and AhR Activation","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ads1630","article-title":"Leveraging Dysregulated Tumor Metabolism for Targeting Anticancer Bacteria","author":"Santos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0531","article-title":"Polyamines Are Increased in Obese Children and Are Related to Markers of Oxidative\/Nitrosative Stress and Angiogenesis","volume":"96","author":"Codo\u00f1er-Franch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2305245120","article-title":"Tumor Cell\u2013Derived Spermidine Is an Oncometabolite That Suppresses TCR Clustering for Intratumoral CD8+ T Cell Activation","volume":"120","author":"Hibino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2413241121","article-title":"Intestinal Lactobacillus Murinus-Derived Small RNAs Target Porcine Polyamine Metabolism","volume":"121","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Intestinal Akkermansia Muciniphila Complements the Efficacy of PD1 Therapy in MAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Rep. Med. 2025, 6 (1), 101900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101900.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101900"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.09.009","article-title":"Enterococcus Hirae and Barnesiella Intestinihominis Facilitate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Therapeutic Immunomodulatory Effects","volume":"45","author":"Daill\u00e8re","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2096328","article-title":"Obesity Enriches for Tumor Protective Microbial Metabolites and Treatment Refractory Cells to Confer Therapy Resistance in PDAC","volume":"14","author":"Kesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"6005","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1191175","article-title":"Alleviating Cancer Drug Toxicity by Inhibiting a Bacterial Enzyme","volume":"330","author":"Wallace","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6356","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah5043","article-title":"Potential Role of Intratumor Bacteria in Mediating Tumor Resistance to the Chemotherapeutic Drug Gemcitabine","volume":"357","author":"Geller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.04.041","article-title":"Microbiome Metabolism of Dietary Phytochemicals Controls the Anticancer Activity of PI3K Inhibitors","author":"Roichman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.20","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Modulation of Chemotherapy Efficacy and Toxicity","volume":"14","author":"Alexander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.09.049","article-title":"Understanding the Mechanisms of Androgen Deprivation Resistance in Prostate Cancer at the Molecular Level","volume":"67","author":"Karantanos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-021-00418-0","article-title":"The Obesity Paradox in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer","volume":"25","author":"Martini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.07.008","article-title":"Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes","volume":"178","author":"Riquelme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.04.044","article-title":"Gut Bacteria Composition Drives Primary Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients","volume":"78","author":"Derosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.05.029","article-title":"Custom Scoring Based on Ecological Topology of Gut Microbiota Associated with Cancer Immunotherapy Outcome","volume":"187","author":"Derosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0238-9","article-title":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Colitis","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"6356","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah5043","article-title":"Potential Role of Intratumor Bacteria in Mediating Tumor Resistance to the Chemotherapeutic Drug Gemcitabine","volume":"357","author":"Geller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2025.05.004","article-title":"Bacteroides fragilis Promotes Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer, and Its Elimination by Phage VA7 Restores Chemosensitivity","volume":"33","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0808","article-title":"A Natural Polyphenol Exerts Antitumor Activity and Circumvents Anti\u2013PD-1 Resistance through Effects on the Gut Microbiota","volume":"12","author":"Messaoudene","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2021.12.008","article-title":"Ketogenic Diet and Chemotherapy Combine to Disrupt Pancreatic Cancer Metabolism and Growth","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib178","first-page":"00328","article-title":"Gut Substrate Trap of D-Lactate from Microbiota Improves Blood Glucose and Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Mice","volume":"S1550-4131","author":"Fang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62161-7","article-title":"Combatting Virulent Gut Bacteria by Inhibiting the Biosynthesis of a Two-Component Lanthipeptide Toxin","volume":"16","author":"Moreira","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7374","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1918095117","article-title":"Targeted Inhibition of Gut Bacterial \u03b2-Glucuronidase Activity Enhances Anticancer Drug Efficacy","volume":"117","author":"Bhatt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"7882","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04003-2","article-title":"Metabolic Modulation of Tumours with Engineered Bacteria for Immunotherapy","volume":"598","author":"Canale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib182","article-title":"Targeted Deprivation of Methionine with Engineered Salmonella Leads to Oncolysis and Suppression of Metastasis in Broad Types of Animal Tumor Models","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.2191","article-title":"The Microbiome and Cancer: A Translational Science Review","volume":"333","author":"Fernandez","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00441-5","article-title":"Recipient Factors in Faecal Microbiota Transplantation: One Stool Does Not Fit All","volume":"18","author":"Danne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28163-5","article-title":"Genetically Stable CRISPR-Based Kill Switches for Engineered Microbes","volume":"13","author":"Rottinghaus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00316-4","article-title":"Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Clinical Obesity","volume":"13","author":"Rubino","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib187","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Source of Dietary Fat Influences Anti-Tumour Immunity in Obese Mice","author":"Kunkemoeller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-025-02035-2","article-title":"Guidelines for Preventing and Reporting Contamination in Low-Biomass Microbiome Studies","volume":"10","author":"Fierer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-024-00980-6","article-title":"High-Throughput Identification of Gut Microbiome-Dependent Metabolites","volume":"19","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2025.07.002","article-title":"Alistipes Finegoldii Augments the Efficacy of Immunotherapy against Solid Tumors","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.08.019","article-title":"Fusobacterium Nucleatum Facilitates Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00795-x","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in colorectal cancer","volume":"6","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib193","first-page":"1","article-title":"Microbiota-driven antitumour immunity mediated by dendritic cell migration","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-0770","article-title":"Bacterial-driven inflammation and mutant BRAF expression combine to promote murine colon tumorigenesis that is sensitive to immune checkpoint therapy","volume":"11","author":"DeStefano Shields","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.12.012","article-title":"Microbial metabolite FAD mobilizes adipocyte lipid remodeling to enhance cancer immunotherapy efficacy","author":"Tong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"7885","key":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03832-5","article-title":"Novel bile acid biosynthetic pathways are enriched in the microbiome of centenarians","volume":"599","author":"Sato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Cancer Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1044579X26000465?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1044579X26000465?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T21:42:36Z","timestamp":1778794956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1044579X26000465"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":196,"alternative-id":["S1044579X26000465"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-579X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-579X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The role of gut microbiota in obesity-related cancers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Cancer Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2026.04.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}