{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:52:28Z","timestamp":1788875548975,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T02:54:45Z","timestamp":1376448885000},"page":"257-264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Acid-Base and Potassium Homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Lee Hamm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen S.","family":"Hering-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazih L.","family":"Nakhoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib1","first-page":"F345","article-title":"Relationship between blood pH and potassium and phosphorus during acute metabolic acidosis","volume":"235","author":"Oster","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197905103001905","article-title":"Serum potassium in lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis","volume":"300","author":"Fulop","year":"1979","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(81)90182-0","article-title":"Changes in plasma potassium concentration during acute acid-base disturbances","volume":"71","author":"Adrogue","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1159\/000182061","article-title":"Serum potassium concentration in acidemic states","volume":"27","author":"Perez","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000125677.06809.37","article-title":"Acute metabolic acidosis: characterization and diagnosis of the disorder and the plasma potassium response","volume":"15","author":"Wiederseiner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011040414","article-title":"Effects of pH on potassium: new explanations for old observations","volume":"22","author":"Aronson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib7","first-page":"F817","article-title":"Renal potassium transport: mechanisms and regulation","volume":"274","author":"Giebisch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib8","first-page":"F778","article-title":"Effect of barium on potassium diffusion across the proximal convoluted tubule of the anesthetized rat","volume":"268","author":"Kibble","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020953","article-title":"Estimated potassium reflection coefficient in perfused proximal convoluted tubules of the anaesthetized rat in vivo","volume":"488","author":"Wareing","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib10","first-page":"2723","article-title":"Potassium channels along the nephron","volume":"45","author":"Hunter","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib11","first-page":"F857","article-title":"Stretch- and volume-activated channels in isolated proximal tubule cells","volume":"262","author":"Filipovic","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib12","first-page":"F488","article-title":"Potassium channels in Necturus proximal tubule","volume":"253","author":"Kawahara","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1985.65.3.760","article-title":"Ion transport mechanisms in thick ascending limb of Henle's loop of mammalian nephron","volume":"65","author":"Greger","year":"1985","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib14","first-page":"F745","article-title":"Control of NaCl transport in the thick ascending limb","volume":"246","author":"Hebert","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V8121823","article-title":"Localization of ROMK channels in the rat kidney","volume":"8","author":"Mennitt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877954","article-title":"Renal and extrarenal sites of action of diuretics","volume":"7","author":"Giebisch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib17","first-page":"F488","article-title":"Active potassium absorption by the renal distal tubule","volume":"262","author":"Okusa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib18","first-page":"F515","article-title":"Renal potassium transport: contributions of individual nephron segments and populations","volume":"235","author":"Wright","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib19","first-page":"F211","article-title":"Structural aspects of adaptive changes in renal electrolyte excretion","volume":"243","author":"Kaissling","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib20","first-page":"F1","article-title":"Structural-functional relationship along the distal nephron","volume":"250","author":"Madsen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.236","article-title":"Potassium transport: from clearance to channels and pumps","volume":"49","author":"Giebisch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1964.206.4.674","article-title":"Micropuncture study of renal potassium excretion in the rat","volume":"206","author":"Malnic","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1088","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00347.2011","article-title":"Role of NKCC in BK channel-mediated net K+ secretion in the CCD","volume":"301","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1975.228.4.1249","article-title":"Effects of flow rate and potassium intake on distal tubular potassium transfer","volume":"228","author":"Khuri","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib25","first-page":"F932","article-title":"Flow dependence of K+ secretion in cortical distal tubules of the rat","volume":"256","author":"Malnic","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib26","first-page":"F544","article-title":"Effects of pH on potassium transport by renal distal tubule","volume":"242","author":"Stanton","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib27","first-page":"F516","article-title":"A conserved cytoplasmic region of ROMK modulates pH sensitivity, conductance, and gating","volume":"273","author":"Choe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib28","first-page":"F494","article-title":"Regulation of small-conductance K+ channel in apical membrane of rat cortical collecting tubule","volume":"259","author":"Wang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00374587","article-title":"pH dependence of K+ conductances of rat cortical collecting duct principal cells","volume":"428","author":"Schlatter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F493","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2001.281.3.F493","article-title":"Ammonium interaction with the epithelial sodium channel","volume":"281","author":"Nakhoul","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib31","first-page":"F631","article-title":"NH4Cl inhibition of transport in the rabbit cortical collecting tubule","volume":"248","author":"Hamm","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milton AE, Weiner ID. Intracellular pH regulation in the rabbit cortical collecting duct A-type intercalated cell. Am J Physiol. 1997;273:t-7.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1997.273.3.F340"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib33","first-page":"F539","article-title":"Stimulation of apical H-K-ATPase in intercalated cells of cortical collecting duct with chronic metabolic acidosis","volume":"270","author":"Silver","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib34","first-page":"F518","article-title":"H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in rabbit cortical collecting duct B-type intercalated cell","volume":"270","author":"Weiner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112718","article-title":"Effect of acidosis on chloride transport in the cortical thick ascending limb of Henle perfused in vitro","volume":"78","author":"Wingo","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib36","first-page":"F122","article-title":"Mechanism of potassium depletion during chronic metabolic acidosis in the rat","volume":"252","author":"Scandling","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1975.69","article-title":"Role of the kidney in potassium homeostasis: lessons from acid-base disturbances","volume":"8","author":"Gennari","year":"1975","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1991.152","article-title":"Modulation of the secretion of potassium by accompanying anions in humans","volume":"39","author":"Carlisle","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib39","first-page":"422","article-title":"Mechanisms of sodium, potassium and chloride transport by the renal distal tubule","volume":"13","author":"Ellison","year":"1987","journal-title":"Miner Electrolyte Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.106.1.25","article-title":"Regulation of the hyperpolarization-activated K+ channel in the lateral membrane of the cortical collecting duct","volume":"106","author":"Wang","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gen Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib41","first-page":"F904","article-title":"31P-NMR in vivo measurement of renal intracellular pH: effects of acidosis and K+ depletion in rats","volume":"251","author":"Adam","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib42","first-page":"223","article-title":"Micropuncture study of the proximal tubular factors responsible for the maintenance of alkalosis during potassium deficiency in the rat","volume":"34","author":"Kunau","year":"1968","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105071","article-title":"Effect of potassium deficiency on the reabsorption of bicarbonate in the proximal tubule of the rat kidney","volume":"43","author":"Rector","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1376","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00186.2002","article-title":"Altered expression of renal NHE3, TSC, BSC-1, and ENaC subunits in potassium-depleted rats","volume":"283","author":"Elkjaer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114810","article-title":"Potassium depletion increases luminal Na+\/H+ exchange and basolateral Na+:CO3=:HCO3- cotransport in rat renal cortex","volume":"86","author":"Soleimani","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F532","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.F532","article-title":"Potassium deprivation upregulates expression of renal basolateral Na(+)-HCO(3)(\u2212) cotransporter (NBC-1)","volume":"279","author":"Amlal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib47","series-title":"Acid-base disorders and their treatment","first-page":"553","article-title":"Potassium-depletion metabolic alkalosis","author":"Soleimani","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib48","first-page":"F799","article-title":"H+-K+-ATPases: regulation and role in pathophysiological states","volume":"276","author":"Silver","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113087","article-title":"Renal bicarbonate reabsorption in the rat. II. Distal tubule load dependence and effect of hypokalemia","volume":"80","author":"Capasso","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.6.1435","article-title":"The relationship between distal tubular proton secretion and dietary potassium depletion: evidence for up-regulation of H+-ATPase","volume":"14","author":"Bailey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib51","first-page":"F878","article-title":"Upregulation of H+-ATPase in the distal nephron during potassium depletion: structural and functional evidence","volume":"275","author":"Bailey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib52","first-page":"F43","article-title":"H-K-ATPase enhancement of Rb efflux by cortical collecting duct","volume":"263","author":"Zhou","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F195","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.1.F195","article-title":"Potassium depletion increases proton pump (H(+)-ATPase) activity in intercalated cells of cortical collecting duct","volume":"279","author":"Silver","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib54","first-page":"F687","article-title":"K+ depletion increases HCO3- reabsorption in OMCD by activation of colonic H(+)-K(+)-ATPase","volume":"274","author":"Nakamura","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00105.x","article-title":"Colonic H+-K+-ATPase is induced and mediates increased HCO3- reabsorption in inner medullary collecting duct in potassium depletion","volume":"54","author":"Nakamura","year":"1998","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib56","first-page":"F680","article-title":"Effects of chronic hyperkalemia on renal production and proximal tubule transport of ammonium in rats","volume":"260","author":"DuBose","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116011","article-title":"Chronic hyperkalemia impairs ammonium transport and accumulation in the inner medulla of the rat","volume":"90","author":"DuBose","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1982.36","article-title":"Systemic and renal acid-base effects of chronic dietary potassium depletion in humans","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"1982","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1991.274","article-title":"Renal ammoniagenesis in humans with chronic potassium depletion","volume":"40","author":"Tizianello","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00780.x","article-title":"NH4+ secretion in inner medullary collecting duct in potassium deprivation: role of colonic H+-K+-ATPase","volume":"56","author":"Nakamura","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.150","article-title":"Dietary NaCl determines severity of potassium depletion-induced metabolic alkalosis","volume":"31","author":"Hernandez","year":"1987","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib62","first-page":"R526","article-title":"Effects of aldosterone on potassium distribution","volume":"243","author":"Young","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.75.2.399","article-title":"Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on potassium-stimulated aldosterone secretion: potential relevance to hypoaldosteronism in man","volume":"75","author":"Clark","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(98)90172-X","article-title":"Renin-aldosterone system can respond to furosemide in patients with hyperkalemic hyporeninism","volume":"132","author":"Chan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(70)80021-3","article-title":"On the pathogenesis of metabolic alkalosis in hyperaldosteronism","volume":"49","author":"Kassirer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-008-0092-0","article-title":"Resistant hypertension and hyperaldosteronism","volume":"10","author":"Gonzaga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0270929513000557?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0270929513000557?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T18:32:25Z","timestamp":1646332345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0270929513000557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0270929513000557"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2013.04.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9295","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}}}