{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:59:43Z","timestamp":1786996783301,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","seminarsinnephrology.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,31]],"date-time":"2018-12-31T03:02:38Z","timestamp":1546225358000},"page":"41-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Dysregulated Mineral Metabolism in AKI"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"David E.","family":"Leaf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Christov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.051308.111339","article-title":"Regulation of phosphate homeostasis by PTH, vitamin D, and FGF23","volume":"61","author":"Bergwitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000486060","article-title":"Physiology of the calcium-parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis","volume":"50","author":"Goltzman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Horm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0003","first-page":"E740","article-title":"Metabolism of intact parathyroid hormone in isolated perfused rat liver and kidney","volume":"254","author":"Daugaard","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1159\/000402138","article-title":"Endocrinological aspects of PTH metabolism in the kidney","volume":"13","author":"Hesch","year":"1978","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.139","article-title":"PTH receptor-1 signalling-mechanistic insights and therapeutic prospects","volume":"11","author":"Cheloha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-4-1654","article-title":"Osteoblast-like cells in the presence of parathyroid hormone release soluble factor that stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption","volume":"119","author":"McSheehy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06057","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone: past and present","volume":"187","author":"Potts","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00587.x","article-title":"Coordinated control of renal Ca(2+) transport proteins by parathyroid hormone","volume":"68","author":"van Abel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20125","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.32.20125","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone-dependent degradation of type II Na+\/Pi cotransporters","volume":"272","author":"Pfister","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-110-1-294","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone stimulates mammalian renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1 alpha-hydroxylase in vitro","volume":"110","author":"Kremer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio241163a0","article-title":"Regulation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase activity in kidney by parathyroid hormone","volume":"241","author":"Fraser","year":"1973","journal-title":"Nat New Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112714","article-title":"Regulation by vitamin D metabolites of parathyroid hormone gene transcription in vivo in the rat","volume":"78","author":"Silver","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3430705","article-title":"Regulation of intestinal Na+-dependent phosphate co-transporters by a low-phosphate diet and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3","volume":"343","author":"Katai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14256","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68214-6","article-title":"Purification and characterization of vitamin D 25-hydroxylase from rat liver mitochondria","volume":"263","author":"Masumoto","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.2.1199","article-title":"Localization of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase along the rat nephron","volume":"78","author":"Kawashima","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8030135","article-title":"The non-genomic actions of vitamin D","volume":"8","author":"Hii","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8097","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.8097","article-title":"Sequences in the human parathyroid hormone gene that bind the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and mediate transcriptional repression in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3","volume":"89","author":"Demay","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.12.010","article-title":"Heme oxygenase-1 system, inflammation and ventilator-induced lung injury","volume":"677","author":"An","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.107920.110","article-title":"A ChIP-seq defined genome-wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: associations with disease and evolution","volume":"20","author":"Ramagopalan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/81664","article-title":"Autosomal dominant hypophosphataemic rickets is associated with mutations in FGF23","volume":"26","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020881","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 in oncogenic osteomalacia and X-linked hypophosphatemia","volume":"348","author":"Jonsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe020098","article-title":"NPT2a\u2013the key to phosphate homeostasis","volume":"347","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.313","article-title":"Direct evidence for a causative role of FGF23 in the abnormal renal phosphate handling and vitamin D metabolism in rats with early-stage chronic kidney disease","volume":"78","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1740","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 inhibits extrarenal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in human monocytes","volume":"28","author":"Bacchetta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0025","first-page":"4003","article-title":"The parathyroid is a target organ for FGF23 in rats","volume":"117","author":"Ben-Dov","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9795","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.527150","article-title":"FGF-23 is a negative regulator of prenatal and postnatal erythropoiesis","volume":"289","author":"Coe","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm672","article-title":"Gene expression analysis of kidneys from transgenic mice expressing fibroblast growth factor-23","volume":"23","author":"Marsell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00210.2003","article-title":"The genomic response of the mouse kidney to low-phosphate diet is altered in X-linked hypophosphatemia","volume":"18","author":"Meyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.290","article-title":"Inflammation and functional iron deficiency regulate fibroblast growth factor 23 production","volume":"89","author":"David","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1146","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1110905108","article-title":"Iron deficiency drives an autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) phenotype in fibroblast growth factor-23 (Fgf23) knock-in mice","volume":"108","author":"Farrow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060507","article-title":"Regulation of C-terminal and intact FGF-23 by dietary phosphate in men and women","volume":"21","author":"Burnett","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408903200","article-title":"Circulating FGF-23 is regulated by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phosphorus in vivo","volume":"280","author":"Saito","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1451","article-title":"Acute parathyroid hormone injection increases C-terminal, but not intact fibroblast growth factor 23 levels","volume":"158","author":"Knab","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05315","article-title":"Klotho converts canonical FGF receptor into a specific receptor for FGF23","volume":"444","author":"Urakawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.8019","article-title":"Identification of the human klotho gene and its two transcripts encoding membrane and secreted klotho protein","volume":"242","author":"Matsumura","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25451","article-title":"alpha-Klotho is a non-enzymatic molecular scaffold for FGF23 hormone signalling","volume":"553","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1135901","article-title":"alpha-Klotho as a regulator of calcium homeostasis","volume":"316","author":"Imura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.109.055780","article-title":"Regulation of renal outer medullary potassium channel and renal K(+) excretion by Klotho","volume":"76","author":"Cha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3438","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-154765","article-title":"Klotho: a novel phosphaturic substance acting as an autocrine enzyme in the renal proximal tubule","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2009121311","article-title":"Klotho deficiency causes vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease","volume":"22","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu291","article-title":"The demonstration of alphaKlotho deficiency in human chronic kidney disease with a novel synthetic antibody","volume":"30","author":"Barker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.47","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 is elevated before parathyroid hormone and phosphate in chronic kidney disease","volume":"79","author":"Isakova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.07.019","article-title":"KDOQI US Commentary on the 2017 KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD)","volume":"70","author":"Isakova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00189","article-title":"FGF23 Actions on target tissues\u2013with and without klotho","volume":"9","author":"Richter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.01.017","article-title":"Potential application of klotho in human chronic kidney disease","volume":"100","author":"Neyra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.826","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 and risks of mortality and end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"305","author":"Isakova","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002451","article-title":"Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patients","volume":"72","author":"Wolf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.005","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 and klotho in AKI","volume":"39","author":"Christov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90877-X","article-title":"Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on calcium and magnesium absorption in the healthy human jejunum and ileum","volume":"75","author":"Krejs","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V105980","article-title":"Differential effects of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 and 19-nor-1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D2 on calcium and phosphorus resorption in bone","volume":"10","author":"Finch","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14177","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408587200","article-title":"Calcium-sensing receptor gene transcription is up-regulated by the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta. Role of the NF-kappaB PATHWAY and kappaB elements","volume":"280","author":"Canaff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3933","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.9.3933","article-title":"Increased intracellular Ca2+: a critical link in the pathophysiology of sepsis?","volume":"90","author":"Song","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(71)90224-5","article-title":"Albumin as an aid to the interpretation of serum calcium","volume":"35","author":"Orrell","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1982.tb02223.x","article-title":"The effect of respiratory and metabolic acid-base changes on ionized calcium concentration: in vivo and in vitro experiments in man and rat","volume":"12","author":"Oberleithner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-48-3-393","article-title":"Relationship of free and total calcium in hypercalcemic conditions","volume":"48","author":"Ladenson","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/55.8.753","article-title":"Changes in serum calcium fractions and citrate concentrations during massive blood transfusions and cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"55","author":"Abbott","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-7963(88)70035-8","article-title":"Citrate toxicity during massive blood transfusion","volume":"2","author":"Dzik","year":"1988","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000063044.55669.3C","article-title":"Albumin-adjusted calcium is not suitable for diagnosis of hyper- and hypocalcemia in the critically ill","volume":"31","author":"Slomp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2004.11.017","article-title":"A comparison of corrected serum calcium levels to ionized calcium levels among critically ill surgical patients","volume":"189","author":"Byrnes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007040449","article-title":"Pitfalls of measuring total blood calcium in patients with CKD","volume":"19","author":"Gauci","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.11.1841","article-title":"Albumin-corrected calcium and ionized calcium in stable haemodialysis patients","volume":"15","author":"Clase","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3109\/00365518909089086","article-title":"Comparison of serum total calcium, albumin-corrected total calcium, and ionized calcium in 1213 patients with suspected calcium disorders","volume":"49","author":"Thode","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1980.01380020072017","article-title":"Role of the systemic vasculature in the hemodynamic response to changes in plasma ionized calcium","volume":"115","author":"Scheidegger","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(75)85849-8","article-title":"Calcium regulation of muscle contraction","volume":"15","author":"Szent-Gyorgyi","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0736(89)90026-5","article-title":"Hypocalcemic torsades de pointes","volume":"22","author":"Akiyama","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951104006134","article-title":"Long on QT and low on calcium","volume":"14","author":"Bradley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2013.840568","article-title":"QT interval prolongation and the risk of Torsades de pointes: essentials for clinicians","volume":"29","author":"Trinkley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198212000-00008","article-title":"Hypocalcemia in critically ill patients","volume":"10","author":"Chernow","year":"1982","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2013.828258","article-title":"Effect of ionized serum calcium on outcomes in acute kidney injury needing renal replacement therapy: secondary analysis of the acute renal failure trial network study","volume":"35","author":"Afshinnia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12172","article-title":"Dysregulated mineral metabolism in patients with acute kidney injury and risk of adverse outcomes","volume":"79","author":"Leaf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016080836","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 levels associate with AKI and death in critical illness","volume":"28","author":"Leaf","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10810917","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 associates with death in critically ill patients","volume":"13","author":"Leaf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110918","article-title":"Control of renal hemodynamics and glomerular filtration rate in chronic hypercalcemia. Role of prostaglandins, renin-angiotensin system, and calcium","volume":"71","author":"Levi","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C103","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.1.C103","article-title":"Cytochrome P-450 metabolites mediate extracellular Ca(2+)-induced inhibition of apical K+ channels in the TAL","volume":"271","author":"Wang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.12.005","article-title":"Hypercalcemia induces targeted autophagic degradation of aquaporin-2 at the onset of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus","volume":"91","author":"Khositseth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197709292971307","article-title":"Hyperphosphatemia in lactic acidosis","volume":"297","author":"O'Connor","year":"1977","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90053-1","article-title":"Dynamic changes in serum phosphorus levels in diabetic ketoacidosis","volume":"79","author":"Kebler","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000133041.27682.A2","article-title":"Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"15","author":"Block","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-017-0442-6","article-title":"Admission hyperphosphatemia increases the risk of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients","volume":"31","author":"Thongprayoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0080","article-title":"Relationship of 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D levels to clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury","volume":"5","author":"Vijayan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nephrol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4542","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004542","article-title":"Electrolyte and mineral disturbances in septic acute kidney injury patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"95","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191290","article-title":"Phosphate is a potential biomarker of disease severity and predicts adverse outcomes in acute kidney injury patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"13","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2003.12.005","article-title":"Renal failure due to acute nephrocalcinosis following oral sodium phosphate bowel cleansing","volume":"35","author":"Markowitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840601)53:11<2425::AID-CNCR2820531111>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Acute renal failure caused by extreme hyperphosphatemia after chemotherapy of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"53","author":"Boles","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6174.1320-a","article-title":"Extreme hyperphosphataemia causing acute anuric nephrocalcinosis in lymphosarcoma","volume":"1","author":"Kanfer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005050496","article-title":"Acute phosphate nephropathy following oral sodium phosphate bowel purgative: an underrecognized cause of chronic renal failure","volume":"16","author":"Markowitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02201.x","article-title":"Risk of further decline in renal function after the use of oral sodium phosphate or polyethylene glycol in patients with a preexisting glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml\/min","volume":"103","author":"Russmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2004.03253.x","article-title":"Age as a predictor of hyperphosphatemia after oral phosphosoda administration for colon preparation","volume":"19","author":"Gumurdulu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02040408","article-title":"Adverse renal and metabolic effects associated with oral sodium phosphate bowel preparation","volume":"3","author":"Heher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/039139880102400403","article-title":"Phosphatemic control during acute renal failure: intermittent hemodialysis versus continuous hemodiafiltration","volume":"24","author":"Tan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802639","article-title":"Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury","volume":"359","author":"Palevsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.12.026","article-title":"Phosphate balance in continuous venovenous hemofiltration","volume":"61","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0093","first-page":"341","article-title":"Hypophosphatemia in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury treated with hemodialysis is associated with adverse events","volume":"10","author":"Lim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0094","first-page":"144","article-title":"Association of hypophosphatemia with failure-to-wean from mechanical ventilation","volume":"40","author":"Alsumrain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02338.x","article-title":"Phosphate-containing dialysis solution prevents hypophosphatemia during continuous renal replacement therapy","volume":"55","author":"Broman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114840","article-title":"Regulation of parathyroid hormone gene expression by hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, and vitamin D in the rat","volume":"86","author":"Naveh-Many","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111639","article-title":"Marked suppression of secondary hyperparathyroidism by intravenous administration of 1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol in uremic patients","volume":"74","author":"Slatopolsky","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-53-4-823","article-title":"Suppressive effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on circulating parathyroid hormone in acute renal failure","volume":"53","author":"Madsen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1974.62","article-title":"Divalent ion metabolism in patients with acute renal failure: studies on the mechanism of hypocalcemia","volume":"5","author":"Massry","year":"1974","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.279","article-title":"Role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D on the skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone","volume":"32","author":"Galceran","year":"1987","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00550112","article-title":"FGF-23 levels in patients with AKI and risk of adverse outcomes","volume":"7","author":"Leaf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1978.116","article-title":"Resistance to parathyroid hormone in renal failure: role of vitamin D metabolites","volume":"14","author":"Somerville","year":"1978","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0103","first-page":"184","article-title":"Parathyroidectomy has a beneficial effect on experimental cisplatin nephrotoxicity","volume":"33","author":"Capasso","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0104","first-page":"F832","article-title":"Modification of experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity by selective parathyroidectomy","volume":"249","author":"Bennett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0105","first-page":"F332","article-title":"Protective effect of thyroxine but not parathyroidectomy on gentamicin nephrotoxicity","volume":"248","author":"Cronin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0106","first-page":"48","article-title":"Effect of parathyroid hormone activity on gentamicin nephrotoxicity","volume":"109","author":"Elliott","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2061","article-title":"The impact of acute kidney injury with temporary dialysis on the risk of fracture","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530311313020001","article-title":"Decreased parathyroid hormone levels despite persistent hypocalcemia in patients with kidney failure recovering from septic shock","volume":"13","author":"Pinheiro da Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-11-22","article-title":"The assessment, serial evaluation, and subsequent sequelae of acute kidney injury (ASSESS-AKI) study: design and methods","volume":"11","author":"Go","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.2.8627","article-title":"Dietary phosphorus transcriptionally regulates 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase gene expression in the proximal renal tubule","volume":"143","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2010.03.069","article-title":"Expression of the vitamin D receptor, 25-hydroxylases, 1alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase in the human kidney and renal clear cell cancer","volume":"121","author":"Blomberg Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0112","first-page":"101","article-title":"Predicting survival in fulminant hepatic failure using serum Gc protein concentrations","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80655-8","article-title":"An endocytic pathway essential for renal uptake and activation of the steroid 25-(OH) vitamin D3","volume":"96","author":"Nykjaer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145723","article-title":"Urinary vitamin D binding protein and KIM-1 are potent new biomarkers of major adverse renal events in patients undergoing coronary angiography","volume":"11","author":"Chaykovska","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-113-2-476","article-title":"Changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 alpha- and 24-hydroxylase activities of kidney cells isolated from rats with either unilateral kidney damage or acute renal insufficiency","volume":"113","author":"Ghazarian","year":"1983","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1159\/000345146","article-title":"Uremia suppresses immune signal-induced CYP27B1 expression in human monocytes","volume":"36","author":"Viaene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2015.12.035","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 levels are elevated and associated with severe acute kidney injury and death following cardiac surgery","volume":"89","author":"Leaf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e72816","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072816","article-title":"FGF-23 regulates CYP27B1 transcription in the kidney and in extra-renal tissues","volume":"8","author":"Chanakul","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20041799","article-title":"Role of the vitamin D receptor in FGF23 action on phosphate metabolism","volume":"390","author":"Inoue","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.193","article-title":"The serum 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration, a marker of vitamin D catabolism, is reduced in chronic kidney disease","volume":"82","author":"Bosworth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03130314","article-title":"Decreased conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 following cholecalciferol therapy in patients with CKD","volume":"9","author":"Stubbs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016486","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a protocol for a prospective cohort study (VID-AKI)","volume":"7","author":"Cameron","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318260c928","article-title":"Association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and acute kidney injury in the critically ill","volume":"40","author":"Braun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2015.1134807","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency at admission is not associated with 90-day mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock: observational FINNAKI cohort study","volume":"48","author":"Ala-Kokko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0716","article-title":"Unexpected actions of vitamin D: new perspectives on the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"4","author":"Adams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0126","first-page":"354","article-title":"Vitamin D action: lessons from VDR and Cyp27b1 null mice","volume":"10","author":"Bouillon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.01.005","article-title":"Renoprotective effect of paricalcitol via a modulation of the TLR4-NF-kappaB pathway in ischemia\/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury","volume":"444","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1308\/003588413X13629960049117","article-title":"Effect of novel vitamin D receptor activator paricalcitol on renal ischaemia\/reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"95","author":"Azak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2012.760409","article-title":"Protective effect of melatonin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"35","author":"Sezgin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F301","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00471.2009","article-title":"Renoprotective effects of paricalcitol on gentamicin-induced kidney injury in rats","volume":"298","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.69","article-title":"Paricalcitol attenuates cyclosporine-induced kidney injury in rats","volume":"77","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.03.019","article-title":"Paricalcitol prevents cisplatin-induced renal injury by suppressing apoptosis and proliferation","volume":"683","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64129-6","article-title":"A vitamin D analog ameliorates glomerular injury on rat glomerulonephritis","volume":"158","author":"Makibayashi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006050520","article-title":"Paricalcitol attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy","volume":"17","author":"Tan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12331","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency aggravates ischemic acute kidney injury in rats","volume":"3","author":"de Braganca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-26","article-title":"1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D-mediated orchestration of anticancer, transcript-level effects in the immortalized, non-transformed prostate epithelial cell line, RWPE1","volume":"11","author":"Kovalenko","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3858","article-title":"The role of vitamin D receptor in innate and adaptive immunity: a study in hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets patients","volume":"98","author":"Tiosano","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.5.2405","article-title":"1 Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of dendritic cells leading to impaired alloreactive T cell activation","volume":"164","author":"Penna","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3490","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-05-2044","article-title":"Expression of the inhibitory receptor ILT3 on dendritic cells is dispensable for induction of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3","volume":"106","author":"Penna","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.10.004","article-title":"Combination treatment with progesterone and vitamin D hormone is more effective than monotherapy in ischemic stroke: the role of BDNF\/TrkB\/Erk1\/2 signaling in neuroprotection","volume":"67","author":"Atif","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2004.07.003","article-title":"Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the expression of HO-1 and GFAP in glial cells of the photothrombotically lesioned cerebral cortex","volume":"28","author":"Oermann","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.10.005","article-title":"1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates genes responsible for detoxification in intestine","volume":"218","author":"Kutuzova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.4.1945","article-title":"Regulatory T cells induced by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and mycophenolate mofetil treatment mediate transplantation tolerance","volume":"167","author":"Gregori","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201405-0988OC","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of calcitriol in severe sepsis","volume":"190","author":"Leaf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.19","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory profile of paricalcitol in hemodialysis patients: a prospective, open-label, pilot study","volume":"53","author":"Navarro-Gonzalez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0146","first-page":"136","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and regulatory T cells in apparently healthy subjects: vitamin D treatment for autoimmune diseases?","volume":"12","author":"Prietl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-013-0579-6","article-title":"High-dose cholecalciferol supplementation significantly increases peripheral CD4(+) Tregs in healthy adults without negatively affecting the frequency of other immune cells","volume":"53","author":"Prietl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.4.754","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation improves cytokine profiles in patients with congestive heart failure: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Schleithoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mnh.0000437613.88158.d3","article-title":"Heme oxygenase-1 and acute kidney injury","volume":"23","author":"Nath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)10290-5","article-title":"Induction of kidney heme oxygenase-1 (HSP32) mRNA and protein by ischemia\/reperfusion: possible role of heme as both promotor of tissue damage and regulator of HSP32","volume":"264","author":"Maines","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061093","article-title":"Renal hemodynamic, inflammatory, and apoptotic responses to lipopolysaccharide in HO-1-\/- mice","volume":"170","author":"Tracz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/392050","article-title":"Secreted factors from bone marrow stromal cells upregulate IL-10 and reverse acute kidney injury","volume":"2012","author":"Milwid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F31","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00007.2005","article-title":"Administered mesenchymal stem cells protect against ischemic acute renal failure through differentiation-independent mechanisms","volume":"289","author":"Togel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008111160","article-title":"Regulatory T cells suppress innate immunity in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"20","author":"Kinsey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.139","article-title":"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells attenuate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice","volume":"78","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.266","article-title":"The role of Tregs and CD11c(+) macrophages\/dendritic cells in ischemic preconditioning of the kidney","volume":"78","author":"Cho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206680","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency contributes directly to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)","volume":"70","author":"Dancer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318206ccdf","article-title":"Association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and mortality in the critically ill","volume":"39","author":"Braun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R47","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13790","article-title":"Vitamin D status and its association with season, hospital and sepsis mortality in critical illness","volume":"18","author":"Amrein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2011.01047.x","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency and sepsis severity in emergency department patients with suspected infection","volume":"18","author":"Ginde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R104","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10120","article-title":"Short-term effects of high-dose oral vitamin D3 in critically ill vitamin D deficient patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"15","author":"Amrein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.13204","article-title":"Effect of high-dose vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in critically ill patients with vitamin D deficiency: the VITdAL-ICU randomized clinical trial","volume":"312","author":"Amrein","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-2-284","article-title":"Acute administration of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in man","volume":"42","author":"Haddad","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1159\/000450766","article-title":"Use of extended-release calcifediol to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in stages 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease","volume":"44","author":"Sprague","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.10.014","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of oral vitamin D(3) and calcifediol","volume":"59","author":"Jetter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201407-1354LE","article-title":"Native and active vitamin D in intensive care: who and how we treat is crucially important","volume":"190","author":"Schnedl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1978.25","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone in patients with acute renal failure","volume":"13","author":"Pietrek","year":"1978","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198107163050301","article-title":"The pathophysiology of altered calcium metabolism in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure. Interactions of parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol","volume":"305","author":"Llach","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1159\/000187175","article-title":"Metabolism of calcium and vitamin D3 in patients with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis: a study of 41 patients with nephropathia epidemica","volume":"63","author":"Saha","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1159\/000188763","article-title":"A prospective study of calcium metabolism in exertional heat stroke with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure","volume":"71","author":"Shieh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1159\/000057374","article-title":"Fat-soluble vitamins in patients with acute renal failure","volume":"24","author":"Druml","year":"1998","journal-title":"Miner Electrolyte Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-1-21","article-title":"FGF-23 and PTH levels in patients with acute kidney injury: a cross-sectional case series study","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64964","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064964","article-title":"Is the serum vitamin D level at the time of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury diagnosis associated with prognosis?","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.570","article-title":"Hypophosphatemia and phosphate supplementation during continuous renal replacement therapy in children","volume":"75","author":"Santiago","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5713","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury Network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury","volume":"11","author":"Mehta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-015-3257-5","article-title":"Effects of acute kidney injury and chronic hypoxemia on fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in pediatric cardiac surgery patients","volume":"31","author":"Hanudel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0177","first-page":"1","article-title":"(KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury","author":"Disease","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F882","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00360.2010","article-title":"PTH increases FGF23 gene expression and mediates the high-FGF23 levels of experimental kidney failure: a bone parathyroid feedback loop","volume":"299","author":"Lavi-Moshayoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1451","article-title":"Acute parathyroid hormone injection increases C-terminal but not intact fibroblast growth factor 23 levels","volume":"158","author":"Knab","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.0301264","article-title":"FGF-23 is a potent regulator of vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis","volume":"19","author":"Shimada","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4710","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI64986","article-title":"Circulating alphaKlotho influences phosphate handling by controlling FGF23 production","volume":"122","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0182","first-page":"229","article-title":"FGF23 promotes renal calcium reabsorption through the TRPV5 channel","volume":"33","author":"Andrukhova","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004_bib0183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.62","article-title":"Acute endotoxemia in mice induces downregulation of megalin and cubilin in the kidney","volume":"82","author":"Schreiber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0270929518301554?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0270929518301554?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T23:32:58Z","timestamp":1759447978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0270929518301554"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":183,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0270929518301554"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9295","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dysregulated Mineral Metabolism in AKI","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Nephrology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2018.10.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}