{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T03:39:38Z","timestamp":1790480378817,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":208,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Radiation Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:42:10Z","timestamp":1765543330000},"page":"95-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Radiation Therapy for Benign Diseases and Premalignant Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4352-845X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony Y.","family":"Eng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Bahig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany W.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik P.","family":"Meiyappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Roberge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2006.01.023","article-title":"The role of radiation therapy in benign diseases","volume":"20","author":"Eng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0002","series-title":"Radiation Therapy of Benign Diseases (ed 3)","author":"Roberge","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2019.09.006","article-title":"Radiation Therapy for Benign Disease: Keloids, Macular Degeneration, Orbital Pseudotumor, Pterygium, Peyronie Disease, Trigeminal Neuralgia","volume":"34","author":"Eng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2019.09.005","article-title":"Radiation Therapy for Benign Disease: Arteriovenous Malformations, Desmoid Tumor, Dupuytren Contracture, Graves Ophthalmopathy, Gynecomastia, Heterotopic Ossification, Histiocytosis","volume":"34","author":"Eng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-022-01435-8","article-title":"Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Neoplasms","volume":"16","author":"Mete","year":"2022","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.10.002","article-title":"Paraganglioma of the Head and Neck: A Review","volume":"29","author":"Sandow","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207669","article-title":"Head and neck paragangliomas-A genetic overview","volume":"21","author":"Majewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0008","series-title":"Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumours (ed 5)","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0009","unstructured":"AJCC Cancer Staging Manual (ed 8), Springer Cham, 2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0628","article-title":"Epidemiology of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: population-based cohort study","volume":"184","author":"Leung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0011","first-page":"7","article-title":"Glomus tumors of the temporal region: surgical therapy","volume":"1","author":"Oldring","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)31941-1","article-title":"The infratemporal fossa approach for the lateral skull base","volume":"17","author":"Fisch","year":"1984","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1982.00790550005002","article-title":"Glomus Tumors. Diagnosis, classification, and management of large lesions","volume":"108","author":"Jackson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67139-5","volume":"366","author":"Lenders","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181ebb4f0","article-title":"The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumors: pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, and medullary thyroid cancer","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0016","unstructured":"R.A. DeLellis, L.R. Heitz PU, et al., Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Endocrine Organs, 8, 2004, IARC Press, World Health Organization classification of tumours.International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Lyon France"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1969.00770020158028","article-title":"Selection of therapy of glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"89","author":"McCabe","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC-07\/12\/E13","article-title":"Irradiation of glomus jugulare tumors: a historical perspective","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(80)90317-X","article-title":"Optimum dose of radiotherapy for chemodectomas of the middle ear","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"1980","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2014.01.003","article-title":"Radiotherapy for glomus jugulare paraganglioma","volume":"131","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2012.11.002","article-title":"Regression and local control rates after radiotherapy for jugulotympanic paragangliomas: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"van Hulsteijn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.9.FOCUS09195","article-title":"Radiosurgery for glomus jugulare: history and recent progress","volume":"27","author":"Guss","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.2.10","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"17","author":"Pollock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001957","article-title":"Outcomes of Primary Radiosurgery Treatment of Glomus Jugulare Tumors: Systematic Review With Meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Shapiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2003.09.070","article-title":"Fractionated stereotactic conformal radiotherapy in the management of large chemodectomas of the skull base","volume":"58","author":"Zabel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.02.020","article-title":"Long-term results of irradiation for paraganglioma","volume":"65","author":"Krych","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol28040247","article-title":"Supportive Management of Patients with Advanced Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Receiving PRRT","volume":"28","author":"Tsang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2021.100171","article-title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with metastatic progressive pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: long-term toxicity, efficacy and prognostic biomarker data of phase II clinical trials","volume":"6","author":"Severi","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110232","article-title":"Stereotactic radiotherapy for head and neck paragangliomas: How long should we wait for treatment response?","volume":"195","author":"Yazici","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30226","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes in Head and Neck Paragangliomas Managed with Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy","volume":"133","author":"Rougier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002461","article-title":"Long-term Outcomes for the Treatment of Paragangliomas in the Upfront, Adjuvant, and Salvage Settings With Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy","volume":"41","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.02.010","article-title":"Treatment of head and neck paragangliomas with external beam radiation therapy","volume":"89","author":"Dupin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23274","article-title":"Clinical response and tumor control based on long-term follow-up and patient-reported outcomes in patients with chemodectomas of the skull base and head and neck region treated with highly conformal radiation therapy","volume":"36","author":"Combs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2010.02.006","article-title":"Excellent local control of paraganglioma in the head and neck with fractionated radiotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Lightowlers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0b013e318187dd94","article-title":"Paraganglioma of the head and neck: long-term local control with radiotherapy","volume":"32","author":"Chino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20885","article-title":"Definitive radiotherapy in the management of paragangliomas arising in the head and neck: a 35-year experience","volume":"30","author":"Hinerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0037","first-page":"283","article-title":"Radiation therapy in the management of paragangliomas of the temporal bone","volume":"16","author":"de Jong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197506000-00016","article-title":"IV. Multiple glomus tumors in the head and neck","volume":"85","author":"Spector","year":"1975","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196805)21:5<838::AID-CNCR2820210508>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Chemodectomas (nonchromaffin paragangliomas) of the head and neck. A clinicopathologic study","volume":"21","author":"Oberman","year":"1968","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1177\/000348945306200411","article-title":"The glomus jugulare, a nonchromaffin paraganglion, in man","volume":"62","author":"Guild","year":"1953","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.01.059","article-title":"Contemporary presentation and evolution of management of neck paragangliomas","volume":"49","author":"Kakkos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814555839","article-title":"Natural history of glomus jugulare: a review of 16 tumors managed with primary observation","volume":"152","author":"Carlson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.04.057","article-title":"Trends and Impact of Treatment Modalities (Surgery and Radiation Therapy) on Health Care Utilization in Patients With Glomus Jugulare Tumors (GJTs): An Inverse Probability of Treatment Weight Analysis","volume":"175","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.2.4","article-title":"Comparison of radiosurgery and conventional surgery for the treatment of glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"17","author":"Gottfried","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0045","first-page":"229","article-title":"Does Catecholamine Secretion from Head and Neck Paragangliomas Respond to Radiotherapy?","volume":"13","author":"Hall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Case Report and Literature Review. Skull Base"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1347375","article-title":"Successful management of a catecholamine-secreting glomus jugulare tumor with radiosurgery alone","volume":"74","author":"Fussey","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.161018","article-title":"68Ga-DOTATATE PET\/CT in the Localization of Head and Neck Paragangliomas Compared with Other Functional Imaging Modalities and CT\/MRI","volume":"57","author":"Janssen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000003357","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of jugular paragangliomas undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery: a single center experience","author":"Daza-Ovalle","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04251-7","article-title":"LINAC radiosurgery for glomus jugulare tumors: retrospective - cohort study of 23 patients","volume":"162","author":"Lior","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26439","article-title":"Image-guided robotic radiosurgery for glomus jugulare tumors-Multicenter experience and review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"Ehret","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx566","article-title":"Long-Term Outcome Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Glomus Jugulare Tumors: A Single Institution Experience of 20 Years","volume":"83","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.4.JNS152667","article-title":"Gamma Knife radiosurgery for glomus jugulare tumors: a single-center series of 75 cases","volume":"126","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.4.JNS11214","article-title":"Gamma Knife surgery for the management of glomus tumors: a multicenter study","volume":"117","author":"Sheehan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.08.067","article-title":"The Long-Term Outcome of CyberKnife-Based Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Paragangliomas: A Single-Center Experience","volume":"155","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26497","article-title":"Long term outcomes with linear accelerator stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of jugulotympanic paragangliomas","volume":"43","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.090","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Primary Multisession Dose Fractionated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Jugular Paragangliomas","volume":"131","author":"Tripathi","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000360864","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of tumor volumetric responses to five-fraction stereotactic radiotherapy for paragangliomas of the head and neck (glomus tumors)","volume":"92","author":"Chun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.7785\/tcrt.2012.500303","article-title":"Robotic stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with unresectable glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"12","author":"Hurmuz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1322","article-title":"Definitive Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Paragangliomas\u2013A Single-Institution 30-Year Experience","volume":"114","author":"Johnny","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Radiation Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.612","article-title":"Pencil-beam scanning proton therapy for the treatment of glomus jugulare tumours","volume":"69","author":"Kubes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Radiat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000614","article-title":"Paragangliomas of the Head and Neck: Local Control and Functional Outcome Following Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy","volume":"42","author":"Weissmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1103125","article-title":"Evolving concepts in the management of jugular paraganglioma: a comparison of radiotherapy and surgery in 88 cases","volume":"19","author":"Huy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(92)90788-J","article-title":"Chemodectoma of the head and neck: results of treatment in 84 patients","volume":"22","author":"Powell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac105","article-title":"Systematic Review: incidence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma over 70 years","volume":"6","author":"Al Subhi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0038","article-title":"The Pheochromocytoma\/Paraganglioma syndrome: an overview on mechanisms, diagnosis and management","volume":"49","author":"Lima","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-017-9484-5","article-title":"Update on Adrenal Tumours in 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) of Endocrine Tumours","volume":"28","author":"Lam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020152","article-title":"Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma","volume":"346","author":"Neumann","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000251887.01885.54","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma: presentation, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"24","author":"Reisch","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnae001","article-title":"Imaging of Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas","volume":"45","author":"Timmers","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328010b9bf","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma: recent advances and speed bumps in the road to further progress","volume":"24","author":"Eisenhofer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2017.32.2.152","article-title":"Update on Modern Management of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma","volume":"32","author":"Lenders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-021-02622-9","article-title":"Multidisciplinary practice guidelines for the diagnosis, genetic counseling and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas","volume":"23","author":"Garcia-Carbonero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical and Translational Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0038","article-title":"The Pheochromocytoma\/Paraganglioma syndrome: an overview on mechanisms, diagnosis and management","volume":"49","author":"Lima Junior","year":"2023","journal-title":"International braz j urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0074","first-page":"183","article-title":"A 10-year experience of linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery\/radiotherapy (SRS\/SRT) for paraganglioma: A single institution experience and review of the literature","volume":"5","author":"Gigliotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Radiosurg SBRT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3738","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28923","article-title":"Radiotherapy for benign head and neck paragangliomas: A 45-year experience","volume":"120","author":"Gilbo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-017-9484-5","article-title":"Update on Adrenal Tumours in 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) of Endocrine Tumours","volume":"28","author":"Lam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01908-1","article-title":"Favorable outcome in advanced pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma after hypofractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy","volume":"46","author":"Gu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e494","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz074","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes of 125 Patients With Metastatic Pheochromocytoma or Paraganglioma Treated With 131-I MIBG","volume":"105","author":"Thorpe","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.120.259697","article-title":"Systemic Radiopharmaceutical Therapy of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma","volume":"62","author":"Carrasquillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2017.11.002","article-title":"External beam radiation therapy for advanced\/unresectable malignant paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma","volume":"3","author":"Breen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1308992","article-title":"External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for patients with malignant pheochromocytoma and non-head and -neck paraganglioma: combination with 131I-MIBG","volume":"44","author":"Fishbein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16071349","article-title":"Effects of peptide receptor radiotherapy in patients with advanced paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma: a nation-wide cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Kornerup","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24696","article-title":"Nasal juvenile angiofibroma: Current perspectives with emphasis on management","volume":"39","author":"Lopez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-023-00687-w","article-title":"Early-onset juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA): a systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Newman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001693","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: comparison between endoscopic and open operative approaches","volume":"26","author":"Garofalo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23843","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: a systematic review and comparison of endoscopic, endoscopic-assisted, and open resection in 1047 cases","volume":"123","author":"Boghani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.06.003","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"44","author":"Blount","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215118001779","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: a single centre's 11-year experience","volume":"132","author":"Pamuk","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819842155","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Staging with a Novel Nominal Basis: An 18-Year Study in a Tertiary Center","volume":"161","author":"Abdelwahab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.83","article-title":"A new endoscopic staging system for angiofibromas","volume":"136","author":"Snyderman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199901000-00027","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas: analysis of recurrences","volume":"109","author":"Herman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(00)00297-4","article-title":"The use of intensity modulated radiotherapy for the treatment of extensive and recurrent juvenile angiofibroma","volume":"52","author":"Kuppersmith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000505","article-title":"Contemporary management of juvenile angiofibroma","volume":"27","author":"Bertazzoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0094","series-title":"Perez and Brady's: Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology (ed 7th)","first-page":"1043","article-title":"Unusual Nonepithelial Tumors of the Head and Neck","author":"Parez","year":"2019"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15205022","article-title":"Proton Therapy for advanced juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"15","author":"Hoeltgen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.329611","article-title":"Adjuvant Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Advanced Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma","volume":"69","author":"Raheja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0097","author":"Tork","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma, StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198412000-00014","article-title":"Primary radiation therapy for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"94","author":"Cummings","year":"1984","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.04.048","article-title":"Conformal radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma with intracranial extension: an institutional experience","volume":"80","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.05.004","article-title":"Staging and surgical approaches in large juvenile angiofibroma\u2013study of 95 cases","volume":"70","author":"Tyagi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21062","article-title":"Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: clinical factors associated with recurrence, and proposal of a staging system","volume":"98","author":"Carrillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1989.01860330081022","article-title":"Surgical management of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma involving the cavernous sinus","volume":"115","author":"Close","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0103","first-page":"97","volume":"28","author":"McCombe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(89)90157-0","article-title":"The treatment of advanced juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"17","author":"McGahan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200207000-00014","article-title":"The role of radiation in the treatment of advanced juvenile angiofibroma","volume":"112","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/01.coc.0000203759.94019.76","article-title":"Definitive radiotherapy for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"29","author":"McAfee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2011.04.002","article-title":"Radiotherapy for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma","volume":"1","author":"Amdur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0108","first-page":"325","article-title":"Hemangiomas: update on classification, clinical presentation, and associated anomalies","volume":"66","author":"Garzon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907153410307","article-title":"Hemangiomas in children","volume":"341","author":"Drolet","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e423","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3458","article-title":"Propranolol for severe infantile hemangiomas: follow-up report","volume":"124","author":"Sans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.218.3.r01mr04834","article-title":"Radiation therapy for life- or function-threatening infant hemangioma","volume":"218","author":"Ogino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0112","first-page":"356","article-title":"Hepatic hemangiomas in infants and children: a review of 30 cases","volume":"62","author":"Iyer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1970.03170220052008","article-title":"The role of radiation therapy in the management of hemangiomas of the liver","volume":"212","author":"Park","year":"1970","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.07.004","article-title":"Sears JE: Choroidal hemangioma","volume":"18","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.160184","article-title":"High-dose iodine-125 episcleral brachytherapy for circumscribed choroidal haemangioma","volume":"94","author":"Lopez-Caballero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.4.267","article-title":"Long-term results after low dose ocular irradiation for choroidal haemangiomas","volume":"81","author":"Schilling","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.10.1162","article-title":"Vasoproliferative tumours of the retina","volume":"84","author":"Heimann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00483-4","article-title":"Stereotactic radiotherapy of symptomatic circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas","volume":"110","author":"Kivela","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2019.05.007","article-title":"The Role of Eye Plaque Brachytherapy and MR Imaging in the Management of Diffuse Choroidal Hemangioma: An Illustrative Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"9","author":"Lewis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1159\/000425713","article-title":"Radiation therapy for choroidal and retinal hemangiomas","volume":"30","author":"Augsburger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Front Radiat Ther Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31818bccfb","article-title":"Long-term results of low-dose proton beam therapy for circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas","volume":"29","author":"Levy-Gabriel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.08.138","article-title":"Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Choroidal Hemangioma: A Single-Institute Series","volume":"133","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(98)00007-X","article-title":"Vertebral hemangiomas: diagnosis, management, natural history and clinicopathological correlates in 86 patients","volume":"50","author":"Pastushyn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.161.1.3763864","article-title":"Vertebral hemangiomas: radiologic evaluation","volume":"161","author":"Laredo","year":"1986","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2463050903","article-title":"The polka-dot sign","volume":"246","author":"Persaud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.165.1.3628764","article-title":"Vertebral hemangiomas: MR imaging","volume":"165","author":"Ross","year":"1987","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2004.10.030","article-title":"Cervicothoracic spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma: case report and review of the literature","volume":"64","author":"Minh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000194846.55984.C8","article-title":"Current treatment strategies and outcomes in the management of symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas","volume":"58","author":"Acosta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.5603\/RPOR.a2023.0009","article-title":"Vertebral hemangioma - the current radiation therapy perspective","volume":"28","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)03734-3","article-title":"Is there a dose-effect relationship for the treatment of symptomatic vertebral hemangioma?","volume":"55","author":"Rades","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.120","article-title":"Radiosurgery for Benign Vertebral Body Hemangiomas of the Spine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"164","author":"Conti","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.04.055","article-title":"Radiotherapy for symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas: results of a multicenter study and literature review","volume":"77","author":"Heyd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2011.04.028","article-title":"Radiotherapy of painful vertebral hemangiomas: the single center retrospective analysis of 137 cases","volume":"82","author":"Miszczyk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E731","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002973","article-title":"Long-term Tumor Control With Radiotherapy for Symptomatic Hemangioma of a Vertebral Body","volume":"44","author":"Parekh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-022-01915-4","article-title":"Radiotherapy for vertebral hemangioma: the single-center experience of 80 patients","volume":"198","author":"Aksoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2022.09.008","article-title":"Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy versus CyberKnife hypofractionated radiotherapy for painful vertebral haemangiomas - A randomized clinical trial","volume":"176","author":"Miszczyk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200205000-00006","article-title":"Mandibular ameloblastoma: analysis of surgical treatment carried out in 60 patients between 1977 and 1998","volume":"13","author":"Becelli R","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00437.x","article-title":"Relative frequency of peripheral odontogenic tumors: a study of 45 new cases and comparison with studies from the literature","volume":"35","author":"Buchner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2005.00357.x","article-title":"Odontogenic tumors: a study of 340 cases in a Brazilian population","volume":"34","author":"Fernandes","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0964-1955(94)00037-5","article-title":"Ameloblastoma: biological profile of 3677 cases","volume":"31B","author":"Reichart","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200205000-00006","article-title":"Mandibular ameloblastoma: analysis of surgical treatment carried out in 60 patients between 1977 and 1998","volume":"13","author":"Becelli","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.05.004","article-title":"Extensive ameloblastoma of the jaws: surgical management and immediate reconstruction using microvascular flaps","volume":"103","author":"Zemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0143","first-page":"69","article-title":"Ameloblastoma: analysis of 207 cases in a Nigerian teaching hospital","volume":"37","author":"Ladeinde","year":"2006","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-5-491","article-title":"Metastatic ameloblastoma responding to combination chemotherapy: case report and review of the literature","volume":"5","author":"Amzerin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(02)90317-3","article-title":"Maxillary ameloblastomas: a review of the literature and of a 15-year database","volume":"30","author":"Zwahlen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2006.06.001","article-title":"Recurrent ameloblastoma of the anterior skull base: three cases treated by radical resections","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2006.02.013","article-title":"Growth characteristics of large mandibular ameloblastomas: report of 5 cases with implications for the approach to surgery","volume":"35","author":"Gortzak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00381.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of retinoblastoma protein and E2 promoter-binding factor-1 in ameloblastomas","volume":"35","author":"Kumamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.11.032","article-title":"The ameloblastoma: primary, curative surgical management","volume":"64","author":"Carlson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.10.028","article-title":"Peripheral ameloblastoma: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"LeCorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2006.02.016","article-title":"Recurrence related to treatment modalities of unicystic ameloblastoma: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Lau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3631-8","article-title":"Ameloblastoma: a clinical review and trends in management","volume":"273","author":"McClary","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(89)90116-X","article-title":"Prognostic evaluation of ameloblastoma based on histologic and radiographic typing","volume":"47","author":"Ueno","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.11.065","article-title":"Surgical management of ameloblastoma in the mandible: Segmental mandibulectomy and immediate reconstruction with free fibula or deep circumflex iliac artery flap (evaluation of the long-term esthetic and functional results)","volume":"64","author":"Vayvada","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000097719.69616.29","article-title":"Segmental mandibulectomy and immediate free fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap reconstruction with endosteal implants: an ideal treatment method for mandibular ameloblastoma","volume":"113","author":"Chana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendenhall WM, Werning JW, Fernandes R, et al: Ameloblastoma. Am J Clin Oncol 30:645-8, 2007","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0b013e3181573e59"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0503(85)80021-7","article-title":"The ameloblastoma, the controversial approach to therapy","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.119517","article-title":"Comparison of long-term results between different approaches to ameloblastoma","volume":"93","author":"Nakamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2004.04.005","article-title":"Rational approach to diagnosis and treatment of ameloblastomas and odontogenic keratocysts","volume":"42","author":"Chapelle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840215)53:4<869::AID-CNCR2820530409>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Ameloblastoma of the jaw. A reappraisal of the role of megavoltage irradiation","volume":"53","author":"Atkinson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-3899-3","article-title":"Treatment of ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma with radiotherapy","volume":"273","author":"Kennedy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-199106000-00009","article-title":"Ameloblastoma of the jaw. Treatment with radiation therapy and a case report","volume":"14","author":"Miyamoto","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0163","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploratory advanced radiotherapies for ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma-A concise review","author":"Turkstani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0164","first-page":"E26","article-title":"A","volume":"97","author":"Petrovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890090036007","article-title":"Treatment of ameloblastoma of the jaws","volume":"121","author":"Pinsolle","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1988.tb01298.x","article-title":"The glandular odontogenic cyst: an apparent entity","volume":"17","author":"Gardner","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197402)33:2<324::AID-CNCR2820330205>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Proceedings: Ameloblastoma of maxilla and mandible","volume":"33","author":"Sehdev","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(74)90063-2","article-title":"Granular-cell ameloblastoma","volume":"38","author":"Hartman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197209000-00008","article-title":"Treatment of ameloblastoma","volume":"50","author":"Pandya","year":"1972","journal-title":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(65)90231-8","article-title":"Ameloblastoma: A rational approach to therapy. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine","volume":"20","author":"Shatkin","year":"1965","journal-title":"Oral Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196307182690303","article-title":"Ameloblastoma of the Jaw: A Clinical Study","volume":"269","author":"Goldwyn","year":"1963","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(55)90350-9","article-title":"Ameloblastomas of the jaws","volume":"8","author":"Small","year":"1955","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0173","first-page":"396","article-title":"Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital; weekly clinicopathological exercises; Case No. 40351","volume":"251","author":"Castleman","year":"1954","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23291","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of Castleman's disease","volume":"87","author":"Dispenzieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010801)92:3<670::AID-CNCR1369>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Treatment of unicentric and multicentric Castleman disease and the role of radiotherapy","volume":"92","author":"Chronowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.5603\/ARM.2018.0008","article-title":"The role of surgical resection in Unicentric Castleman's disease: a systematic review","volume":"86","author":"Mitsos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318249dcdc","article-title":"Surgery in Castleman's disease: a systematic review of 404 published cases","volume":"255","author":"Talat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132013000100019","article-title":"Radiation therapy in the treatment of unicentric Castleman's disease","volume":"39","author":"Miranda","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70319-5","article-title":"Siltuximab for multicentric Castleman's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"van Rhee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.140766","article-title":"Castleman's disease and radiotherapy: a single center experience","volume":"11","author":"Uysal","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2020.05.002","article-title":"Excellent Outcomes with Surgery or Radiotherapy in the Management of Castleman Disease Including a Case of Oligocentric Disease","volume":"20","author":"Beckham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2841","article-title":"Treatment of Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma: A Systematic Review","volume":"98","author":"Miguel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13532","article-title":"Cutaneous pseudolymphoma-A review on the spectrum and a proposal for a new classification","volume":"47","author":"Mitteldorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.2302\/kjm.50.269","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas and pseudolymphomas","volume":"50","author":"Kerl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Keio J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0185","first-page":"187","article-title":"Cutaneous pseudolymphomas: classification and differential diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Rijlaarsdam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3857\/roj.2016.34.1.76","article-title":"Radiotherapy in aggressive cutaneous pseudolymphoma: a case report and review of literature","volume":"34","author":"Joseph","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1159\/000248610","article-title":"Development of cutaneous pseudolymphoma following ciclosporin therapy of actinic reticuloid","volume":"177","author":"Thestrup-Pedersen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3181591bea","article-title":"Cutaneous B-cell pseudolymphoma at the site of vaccination","volume":"29","author":"Cerroni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540200600601","article-title":"Progression of cutaneous B-cell pseudolymphoma to cutaneous B-cell lymphoma","volume":"6","author":"Kulow","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-010-0439-8","article-title":"Radiation therapy for B-cell cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia","volume":"28","author":"Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.04.036","article-title":"Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia and marginal zone B-cell lymphoma following vaccination","volume":"53","author":"May","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.2.3983402","article-title":"Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia: results of radiation therapy","volume":"155","author":"Olson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0193","series-title":"Diagnostic Histopathology of BBBB","article-title":"Tumors of the Osteoarticular System","author":"Fletcher","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.12600","article-title":"Adamantinoma: An Updated Review","volume":"35","author":"Varvarousis","year":"2021","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.path.2021.06.012","article-title":"Osteofibrous Dysplasia and Adamantinoma","volume":"14","author":"Nascimento","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Pathol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-3-8","article-title":"Adamantinoma: A clinicopathological review and update","volume":"3","author":"Jain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diagnostic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2021.101626","article-title":"Osteofibrous dysplasia and adamantinoma: A summary of diagnostic challenges and surgical techniques","volume":"38","author":"Beaino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgical Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01769-5","article-title":"Outcome of osteofibrous dysplasia-like versus classic adamantinoma of long bones: a single-institution experience","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.19.01056","article-title":"Surgical Outcome and Oncological Survival of Osteofibrous Dysplasia-Like and Classic Adamantinomas: An International Multicenter Study of 318 Cases","volume":"102","author":"Schutgens","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25950","article-title":"Adamantinomatous tumors: Long-term follow-up study of 20 patients treated at a single institution","volume":"122","author":"Schwarzkopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Surgical Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25269","article-title":"Adamantinoma of bone: Long-term follow-up of 46 consecutive patients","volume":"118","author":"Houdek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890801)64:3<730::AID-CNCR2820640327>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Adamantinoma of long bones. A clinicopathologic study of 85 cases","volume":"64","author":"Keeney","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3109\/02841860902913579","article-title":"Metastatic adamantinoma responds to treatment with receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor","volume":"49","author":"Dudek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Oncologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5323.105-a","article-title":"Radiosensitive adamantinoma","volume":"1","author":"Hair","year":"1963","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-199404000-00013","article-title":"Metastatic adamantinoma of bone to lung. A case report of the natural history and the use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy","volume":"17","author":"Lokich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0206","first-page":"708","article-title":"Hankey GT: Adamantinoma, primitive type, treated both surgically and with radiotherapy","volume":"45","year":"1952","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.862243","article-title":"Rapidly Progressive Classic Adamantinoma of the Spine: Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"12","author":"Lou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006_bib0208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/13577149977848","article-title":"Hypercalcemia Caused by Metastatic Adamantinoma: Response to Radiotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Lyons","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sarcoma"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053429625000712?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053429625000712?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T13:19:43Z","timestamp":1765977583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053429625000712"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":208,"alternative-id":["S1053429625000712"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-4296"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-4296","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiation Therapy for Benign Diseases and Premalignant Conditions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Radiation Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semradonc.2025.08.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}