{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:08:45Z","timestamp":1792084125873,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","sfnmjournal.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]],"date-time":"2016-09-09T17:35:48Z","timestamp":1473442548000},"page":"15-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Preterm formula use in the preterm very low birth weight infant"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William W.","family":"Hay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendra C.","family":"Hendrickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.75.5.976","article-title":"Committee on Nutrition. Nutritional needs of low-birth-weight infants","volume":"75","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib2","first-page":"210","article-title":"Practice of enteral nutrition in very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"110","author":"Senterre","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib3","first-page":"412","article-title":"Calcium and phosphorus requirements of premature infants","volume":"65","author":"Benjamin","year":"1943","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-196803000-00009","article-title":"The plasma aminogram. I. Influence of the level of protein intake and a comparison of whole protein and amino acid diets","volume":"2","author":"Snyderman","year":"1968","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.27.6.921","article-title":"Acidosis in premature infants due to lactic acid","volume":"27","author":"Goldman","year":"1961","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib6","first-page":"426S","article-title":"Feeding the premature infant in the 20th century","volume":"131","author":"Greer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib7","first-page":"1395S","article-title":"Nutrient requirements for preterm infant formulas","volume":"132","author":"Klein","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib8","first-page":"329","article-title":"Body composition of the reference fetus","volume":"40","author":"Ziegler","year":"1976","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib9","first-page":"113","article-title":"The chemical composition of the human body","volume":"10","author":"Widdowson","year":"1951","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80790-2","article-title":"Growth, metabolic response and development in very low birth weight infants fed banked human milk or enriched formula: 1. Neonatal findings","volume":"103","author":"Tyson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2014.02.002","article-title":"High protein formulas \u2013 evidence for use in preterm infants","volume":"41","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211539","article-title":"Early and aggressive nutritional strategy (parenteral and enteral) decreases postnatal growth failure in very low birth weight infants","volume":"26","author":"Dinerstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.6.1150","article-title":"Feeding strategies for premature infants: beneficial outcomes of feeding fortified human milk vs preterm formula","volume":"103","author":"Schanler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib14","series-title":"Nutritional needs of preterm infants. Scientific basis and practical application","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80941-6","article-title":"Energy balance in low birth weight infants fed formula of high or low medium-chain triglyceride content","volume":"108","author":"Whyte","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.81.2.472","article-title":"Influence of changes in lactase activity and small-intestinal mucosal growth on lactose digestion and absorption in preterm infants","volume":"81","author":"Shulman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1721","article-title":"Lactose intolerance in infants, children, and adolescents","volume":"118","author":"Heyman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib18","first-page":"437","article-title":"Lack of lactobezoars in infants given predominantly whey protein formulas","volume":"136","author":"Schreiner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14930","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14930","article-title":"Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion","volume":"94","author":"Boirie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198605000-00016","article-title":"Nutritional balance studies in very-low-birth-weight infants: role of whey formula","volume":"5","author":"Shenai","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)80693-8","article-title":"Milk protein quantity and quality in low birth weight infants. IV. Effects on tyrosine and phenylalanine in plasma and urine","volume":"90","author":"Rassin","year":"1977","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2001.0059","article-title":"Protein and energy requirements in preterm infants","volume":"6","author":"Denne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib23","series-title":"Nutritional care of preterm infants: scientific basis and practical guidelines","author":"Koletzko","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1159\/000360195","article-title":"Recommended nutrient intake levels for stable, fully enterally fed very low birth weight infants","volume":"110","author":"Koletzko","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13408.x","article-title":"Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium needs for the low-birth-weight infant","volume":"405","author":"Schanler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1159\/000358464","article-title":"Vitamins \u2013 conventional uses and new insights","volume":"110","author":"Leaf","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000187817.38836.42","article-title":"Global standard for the composition of infant formula: recommendations of an ESPGHAN coordinated international expert group","volume":"41","author":"Koletzko","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7171.1481","article-title":"Randomised trial of early diet in preterm babies and later intelligence quotient","volume":"317","author":"Lucas","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.3.822","article-title":"Randomized diet in the neonatal period and growth performance until 7.5\u20138 y of age in preterm children","volume":"71","author":"Morley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200310000-00008","article-title":"Growth and development of premature infants fed predominantly human milk, predominantly premature infant formula, or a combination of human milk and premature formula","volume":"37","author":"O'Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000323381","article-title":"Meeting the nutritional needs of the low-birth-weight infants","volume":"58","author":"Ziegler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib32","first-page":"1161","article-title":"Aromatic amino acids are utilized and protein synthesis is stimulated during amino acid infusion in the ovine fetus","volume":"129","author":"Liechty","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200301000-00008","article-title":"Effect of low versus high intravenous amino acid intake on very low birth weight infants in the early neonatal period","volume":"53","author":"Thureen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.5.1128","article-title":"Protein balance in the first week of life in ventilated neonates receiving parenteral nutrition","volume":"68","author":"Thureen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1267","article-title":"High-energy and -protein diet increases brain and corticospinal tract growth in term and preterm infants after perinatal brain injury","volume":"121","author":"Dabydeen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2014.171","article-title":"Impact of nutrition on brain development and its neuroprotective implications following preterm birth","volume":"77","author":"Keunen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198712000-00015","article-title":"Ontogenetic changes in the rates of protein synthesis and leucine oxidation during fetal life","volume":"22","author":"Kennaugh","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib38","first-page":"E320","article-title":"Rates of protein synthesis and turnover in fetal life","volume":"240","author":"Meier","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib39","first-page":"CD003959","article-title":"Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants","author":"Fenton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib40","first-page":"CD003959","article-title":"Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants","author":"Premji","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)81043-3","article-title":"Postnatal growth of infants of less than 1.3 kg birth weight: effects of metabolic acidosis, of caloric intake, and of calcium, sodium, and phosphate supplementation","volume":"91","author":"Chance","year":"1977","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607107031004278","article-title":"Parenteral amino acid and metabolic acidosis in premature infants","volume":"31","author":"Jadhav","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001010","article-title":"Growth and tolerance of preterm infants fed a new extensively hydrolyzed liquid human milk fortifier","volume":"61","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.143","article-title":"Association of metabolic acidosis with bovine milk-based human milk fortifiers","volume":"35","author":"Cibulskis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.85","article-title":"Growth failure among preterm infants is not innocuous and must be prevented. Commentary","volume":"36","author":"Hay","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2001.0061","article-title":"Early aggressive nutrition in preterm infants","volume":"6","author":"Thureen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81803-7","article-title":"Effects of type of dietary protein on acid-base status, protein nutritional status, plasma levels of amino acids, and nutrient balance in the very low birth weight infant","volume":"121","author":"Cooke","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1999.tb00066.x","article-title":"Postprandial plasma amino acids in preterm infants: influence of the protein source","volume":"88","author":"Moro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80388-3","article-title":"Growth, nutrient retention, and metabolic response in low birth weight infants fed varying intakes of protein and energy","volume":"113","author":"Kashyap","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib50","first-page":"CD000343","article-title":"Multicomponent fortified human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants","author":"Kuschel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib51","first-page":"CD000433","article-title":"Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants","author":"Kuschel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S170","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000302966.75620.91","article-title":"Protein requirements of very low birth weight infants","volume":"45","author":"Ziegler","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0660","article-title":"Evidence for the essentiality of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid in the postnatal maternal and infant diet for the development of the infant\u2019s immune system early in life","volume":"41","author":"Richard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.11","article-title":"Early postnatal docosahexaenoic acid levels and improved preterm brain development","volume":"79","author":"Tam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.123282","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid enhance growth with no adverse effects in preterm infants fed formula","volume":"140","author":"Innis","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1595","article-title":"Bone mineralization and growth are enhanced in preterm infants fed an isocaloric, nutrient-enriched preterm formula through term","volume":"80","author":"Lapillonne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13344","article-title":"Nutrition and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.032","article-title":"Preterm infant linear growth and adiposity gain: trade-offs for later weight status and intelligence quotient","volume":"163","author":"Belfort","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.08.028","article-title":"Infant growth after preterm birth and neurocognitive abilities in young adulthood","volume":"165","author":"Sammallahti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181d026da","article-title":"Impact of breast milk on intelligence quotient, brain size, and white matter development","volume":"67","author":"Isaacs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.02.030","article-title":"Early diet and general cognitive outcome at adolescence in children born at or below 30 weeks gestation","volume":"155","author":"Isaacs","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000888","article-title":"Intermittent bolus or semicontinuous feeding for preterm infants?","volume":"61","author":"R\u00f6vekamp-Abels","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607112449482","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of slow vs rapid enteral feeding advancements on the clinical outcomes of preterm infants with birth weight 750\u20131250 g","volume":"37","author":"Karagol","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.153","article-title":"The impact of feeding interval on feeding outcomes in very low birth-weight infants","volume":"31","author":"DeMauro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib65","first-page":"CD001241","article-title":"Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants","author":"Morgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib66","first-page":"CD007263","article-title":"Dilute versus full strength formula in exclusively formula-fed preterm or low birth weight infants","author":"Basuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.124","article-title":"Growth in preterm infants fed either a partially hydrolyzed whey or an intact casein\/whey preterm infant formula","volume":"29","author":"Florendo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3022","article-title":"Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: the role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas","volume":"121","author":"Greer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2015.0125","article-title":"Introduction of bovine-based nutrient fortifier and gastrointestinal inflammation in very low birth weight infants as measured by fecal calprotectin","volume":"11","author":"Panczuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.270","article-title":"Postnatal malnutrition and growth retardation: an inevitable consequence of current recommendations in preterm infants?","volume":"107","author":"Embleton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2959","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network","volume":"126","author":"Stoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1368","article-title":"Growth in the neonatal intensive care unit influences neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"117","author":"Ehrenkranz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e101","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1352","article-title":"Intrauterine, early neonatal, and postdischarge growth and neurodevelopmental outcome at 5.4 years in extremely preterm infants after intensive neonatal nutritional support","volume":"123","author":"Franz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1159\/000336127","article-title":"The relationship of poor linear growth velocity with neonatal illness and two-year neurodevelopment in preterm infants","volume":"102","author":"Ramel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7181.427","article-title":"Catch-up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study","volume":"318","author":"Eriksson","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16210-7","article-title":"Early origins of cardiovascular disease: is there a unifying hypothesis?","volume":"363","author":"Singhal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1159\/000365803","article-title":"Should we promote catch-up growth or growth acceleration in low-birthweight infants?","volume":"81","author":"Singhal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.149","article-title":"Catch-up growth of head circumference of very low birth weight, small for gestational age preterm infants and mental development to adulthood","volume":"142","author":"Brandt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.6.1550S","article-title":"Advances in nutritional modifications of infant formulas","volume":"77","author":"Carver","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib80","first-page":"CD002971","article-title":"Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants","author":"Quigley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.10.040","article-title":"An exclusively human milk-based diet is associated with a lower rate of necrotizing enterocolitis than a diet of human milk and bovine milk-based products","volume":"156","author":"Sullivan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.07.011","article-title":"Randomized trial of exclusive human milk versus preterm formula diets in extremely premature infants","volume":"163","author":"Cristofalo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2014.0024","article-title":"Greater mortality and morbidity in extremely preterm infants fed a diet containing cow milk protein products","volume":"9","author":"Abrams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607109337540","article-title":"Formula induces intestinal apoptosis in preterm pigs within a few hours of feeding","volume":"34","author":"Oste","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0183","article-title":"Effect of donor milk on severe infections and mortality in very low-birth-weight infants. The Early Nutrition Study Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"170","author":"Corpeleijn","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1744165X16300476?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1744165X16300476?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T01:32:32Z","timestamp":1657243952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1744165X16300476"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1744165X16300476"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-165X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preterm formula use in the preterm very low birth weight infant","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.siny.2016.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}