{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:32:52Z","timestamp":1793046772136,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020JJ4781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JJ4781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]],"date-time":"2021-06-05T02:59:05Z","timestamp":1622861945000},"page":"4987-4993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Docosahexaenoic acid activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway to alleviate impairment of spleen cellular immunity in intrauterine growth restricted rat pups"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Weiming","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijia","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.53","article-title":"Increased cord serum inflammatory markers in small-for-gestational-age neonates","volume":"31","author":"Amarilyo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"issue":"9608","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0","article-title":"Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences","volume":"371","author":"Black","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.10.010","article-title":"The spleen in local and systemic regulation of immunity","volume":"39","author":"Bronte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.10.082","article-title":"Docosahexaenoicacid and phosphatidylserine improves the antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo and cognitive functions of the developing brain","volume":"138","author":"Chaung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-017-0516-y","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched phosphatidylserine against oxidative damage in PC12 cells","volume":"38","author":"Che","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0030","first-page":"2523","article-title":"DHA protects PC12 cells against oxidative stress and apoptotic signals through the activation of the NFE2L2\/HO-1 axis","volume":"43","author":"Clementi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.12.017","article-title":"Impaired intestinal mucosal immunity is associated with the imbalance of T lymphocyte sub-populations in intrauterine growth-restricted neonatal piglets","volume":"220","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.09.095","article-title":"Curcumin attenuates dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury in rats through Nrf2-mediated induction of heme oxygenase-1","volume":"46","author":"Farombi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80599-X","article-title":"Prolonged impairment of cellular immunity in children with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"93","author":"Ferguson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0050","first-page":"2967","article-title":"DHA induces apoptosis of human malignant breast cancer tissues by the TLR-4\/PPAR-\u03b1 pathways","volume":"15","author":"Geng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1RI0614-293R","article-title":"The signaling symphony: T cell receptor tunes cytokine-mediated T cell differentiation","volume":"97","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0060","first-page":"14","article-title":"Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant morbidity: Randomized controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Imhoff-Kunsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.07.035","article-title":"Nrf 2: INrf2 (Keap1) signaling in oxidative stress","volume":"47","author":"Kaspar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta CT) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2011.01771.x","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"38","author":"Mert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514004437","article-title":"Effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation at different EPA: DHA ratios on the spontaneously hypertensive obese rat model of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"113","author":"Molinar-Toribio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2004.09.003","article-title":"Nrf2-Keap1 defines a physiologically important stress response mechanism","volume":"10","author":"Motohashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.02.055","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction and prematurity influence regulatory T cell development in newborns","volume":"49","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2978","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122978","article-title":"Dietary curcumin supplementation increases antioxidant capacity, upregulates Nrf2 and Hmox1 levels in the liver of piglet model with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"11","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0100","first-page":"845","article-title":"Low birth weight is associated with altered immune function in rural Bangladeshi children: A birth cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Raqib","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1179\/1476830512Y.0000000018","article-title":"A novel nutritional supplement containing chromium picolinate, phosphatidylserine, docosahexaenoic acid, and boron activates the antioxidant pathway Nrf2\/HO-1 and protects the brain against oxidative stress in high-fat-fed rats","volume":"15","author":"Sahin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.10.023","article-title":"Astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids individually and in combination protect against oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway","volume":"62","author":"Saw","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3028","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.12.3028","article-title":"Polyunsaturated (n-3) fatty acids susceptible to peroxidation are increased in plasma and tissue lipids of rats fed docosahexaenoic acid-containing oils","volume":"130","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20494","article-title":"Perioperative immunonutrition in head and neck cancer","volume":"119","author":"Sorensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0130","first-page":"21","article-title":"Effects of dietary L-methionine supplementation on intestinal intestinal integrity and oxidative status in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets intrauterine","volume":"9","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.12.002","article-title":"Immunonutrition stimulates immune functions and antioxidant defense capacities of leukocytes in radiochemotherapy-treated head & neck and esophageal cancer patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial","volume":"34","author":"Talvas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3776","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i33.3776","article-title":"Spleen: A new role for an old player?","volume":"17","author":"Tarantino","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"supp1","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-551-P","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates oxidative stress-induced autophagy and cell death in immortalized adult rat Schwann (IFRS1) cells","volume":"69","author":"Tatsumi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.03.007","article-title":"Risk factors for low birth weight: A review","volume":"116","author":"Valero De","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2017-050","article-title":"Intrauterine growth retardation promotes fetal intestinal autophagy in rats via the mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Reprod Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.157","article-title":"Sarcodon imbricatus polysaccharides protect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression via regulating Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10010041","article-title":"Curcumin alleviates IUGR jejunum damage by increasing antioxidant capacity through Nrf2\/Keap1 pathway in growing pigs","volume":"10","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2016.04.013","article-title":"Effects of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) on growth, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant capacity and immunity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas (Selenka)","volume":"54","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.01.095","article-title":"Melatonin alleviates aluminium chloride-induced immunotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis associated with the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway","volume":"173","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0180","article-title":"Pterostilbene attenuates liver injury and oxidative stress in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets","volume":"81","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0185","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dietary supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate attenuated the hepatic inflammatory response and apoptosis in suckling lambs with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-078154","article-title":"CD4 T cells: Fates, functions, and faults","volume":"112","author":"Zhu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0765-z","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) provides neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury models via activating Nrf2-ARE signaling","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammation"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319562X21004368?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319562X21004368?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:09:50Z","timestamp":1761152990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1319562X21004368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1319562X21004368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-562X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-562X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Docosahexaenoic acid activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway to alleviate impairment of spleen cellular immunity in intrauterine growth restricted rat pups","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.058","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}