{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:11:44Z","timestamp":1792872704917,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL62252"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL62252"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]],"date-time":"2015-07-07T20:46:13Z","timestamp":1436301973000},"page":"1558-1566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Sleep-stage transitions during polysomnographic recordings as diagnostic features of type 1 narcolepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4225-3359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie Anja Engelhard","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen B.","family":"Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Peppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helge Bjarrup Dissing","family":"Sorensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul","family":"Jennum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Mignot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2880","article-title":"Sleep transitions in hypocretin-deficient narcolepsy","volume":"36","author":"Sorensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1589","article-title":"Nocturnal rapid eye movement sleep latency for identifying patients with narcolepsy\/hypocretin deficiency","volume":"70","author":"Andlauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2003.00331.x","article-title":"Spectral analysis of all-night human sleep EEG in narcoleptic patients and normal subjects","volume":"12","author":"Mukai","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/79690","article-title":"A mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains","volume":"6","author":"Peyron","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00058-1","article-title":"Reduced number of hypocretin neurons in human narcolepsy","volume":"27","author":"Thannickal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2003.tb00033.x","article-title":"Pattern of hypocretin (orexin) soma and axon loss, and gliosis, in human narcolepsy","volume":"13","author":"Thannickal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1553","article-title":"The role of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin measurement in the diagnosis of narcolepsy and other hypersomnias","volume":"59","author":"Mignot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.2.169","article-title":"Validation of the ICSD-2 criteria for CSF hypocretin-1 measurements in the diagnosis of narcolepsy in the Danish population","volume":"33","author":"Knudsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81965-0","article-title":"The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene","volume":"98","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81973-X","article-title":"Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation","volume":"98","author":"Chemelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2011.09.003","article-title":"Narcolepsy with hypocretin\/orexin deficiency, infections and autoimmunity of the brain","volume":"21","author":"Kornum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1960.01710040091011","article-title":"Studies in psychophysiology of dreams. III. The dream of narcolepsy","volume":"3","author":"Vogel","year":"1960","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(63)90032-4","article-title":"Nocturnal sleep of narcoleptics","volume":"15","author":"Rechtschaffen","year":"1963","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0070","series-title":"International classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0075","first-page":"859","article-title":"Usefulness of a nocturnal SOREMP for diagnosing narcolepsy with cataplexy in a pediatric population","volume":"38","author":"Reiter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0080","series-title":"International classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3758","article-title":"Narcolepsy and predictors of positive MSLTs in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort","volume":"37","author":"Goldbart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0090","article-title":"Narcolepsy in African Americans","author":"Kawai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.021","article-title":"First rapid eye movement sleep periods and sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods in sleep-stage sequencing of hypersomnias","volume":"14","author":"Drakatos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-303578","article-title":"Sleep stage sequence analysis of sleep onset REM periods in the hypersomnias","volume":"84","author":"Drakatos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4908","article-title":"Nocturnal sleep dynamics identify narcolepsy type 1","author":"Pizza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000074","article-title":"Sleep\u2013Wake transition in narcolepsy and healthy controls using a support vector machine","volume":"31","author":"Jensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0115","article-title":"Altered sleep-stage transitions of REM sleep: a novel and stable biomarker of narcolepsy","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0120","first-page":"42","article-title":"A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial comparing the effects of three doses of orally administered sodium oxybate with placebo for the treatment of narcolepsy","volume":"25","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.7.939","article-title":"Sodium oxybate improves excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy","volume":"29","author":"Black","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704","article-title":"The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing amoung middle-aged adults","volume":"328","author":"Young","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpl013","article-title":"Matching as nonparametric preprocessing for reducing model dependence in parametric causal inference","volume":"15","author":"Ho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Polit Anal"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e114565","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114565","article-title":"Design and validation of a periodic leg movement detector","volume":"9","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01061.x","article-title":"Polysomnographic study of nocturnal sleep in idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time","volume":"22","author":"Pizza","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90058-8","article-title":"Good sleep, bad sleep: a meta-analysis of polysomnographic measures in Insomnia, Depression, and Narcolepsy","volume":"32","author":"Hudson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8760(02)00112-5","article-title":"Event-related potential measures of the inhibition of information processing: II. The sleep onset period","volume":"46","author":"Campbell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2009.12.017","article-title":"What subjective experiences determine the perception of falling asleep during sleep onset period?","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Conscious Cogn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.05.021","article-title":"How we fall asleep: regional and temporal differences in electroencephalographic synchronization at sleep onset","volume":"14","author":"Marzano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00542","article-title":"Assessing sleep consciousness within subjects using a serial awakening paradigm","volume":"4","author":"Siclari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0644-y","article-title":"Sleep paralysis in narcolepsy: more than just a motor dissociative phenomenon?","volume":"33","author":"Terzaghi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(70)90231-2","article-title":"A neurophysiological study of sleep paralysis in narcoleptic patients","volume":"28","author":"Nan'no","year":"1970","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0185","first-page":"73","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour recording in REM-narcoleptics with special reference to nocturnal sleep disruption","volume":"13","author":"Montplaisir","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01032.x","article-title":"Daytime continuous polysomnography predicts MSLT results in hypersomnias of central origin","volume":"22","author":"Pizza","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/2.3.309","article-title":"Distribution of REM sleep on a 90 minute sleep-wake schedule","volume":"2","author":"Carskadon","year":"1980","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.03.008","article-title":"Multiple sleep latency measures in narcolepsy and behaviourally induced insufficient sleep syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Marti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6291","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0586-04.2004","article-title":"Behavioral state instability in orexin knock-out mice","volume":"24","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.03.018","article-title":"Minimum duration of actigraphy-defined nocturnal awakenings necessary for morning recall","volume":"14","author":"Winser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.3.297","article-title":"Abnormal sleep\/wake dynamics in orexin knockout mice","volume":"33","author":"Diniz Behn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.3078","article-title":"Loss of rapid eye movement sleep atonia in patients with REM sleep behavioral disorder, narcolepsy, and isolated loss of REM atonia","volume":"9","author":"Khalil","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945715008242?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945715008242?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T15:10:29Z","timestamp":1761405029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1389945715008242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1389945715008242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sleep-stage transitions during polysomnographic recordings as diagnostic features of type 1 narcolepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.06.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}