{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T08:50:30Z","timestamp":1784105430086,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T02:23:46Z","timestamp":1596507826000},"page":"254-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Altered cortical gray matter volume and functional connectivity after transcutaneous spinal cord direct current stimulation in idiopathic restless legs syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqin","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0421-5709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaojian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6482-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.12.029","article-title":"Mapping intrinsic functional brain changes and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation neuromodulation in idiopathic restless legs syndrome: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.55","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management","volume":"6","author":"Trenkwalder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.11.008","article-title":"Cortical involvement in the sensory and motor symptoms of primary restless legs syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Tyvaert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2018.02.005","article-title":"Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of restless legs syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Anguelova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.07.022","article-title":"Abnormal H-reflexes in periodic limb movement disorder; impact on understanding the pathophysiology of the disorder","volume":"116","author":"Rijsman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(00)00041-9","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome and its treatment by dopamine agonists","volume":"7","author":"Stiasny","year":"2000","journal-title":"Park Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(07)70067-9","article-title":"S15.B Neuropathic pain in restless legs syndrome \u2013 a disorder of pain control","volume":"8","author":"Stiasny-Kolster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.05.017","article-title":"Sensory symptoms in restless legs syndrome: the enigma of pain","volume":"14","author":"Winkelman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.041","article-title":"Transcutaneous spinal cord direct current stimulation inhibits the lower limb nociceptive flexion reflex in human beings","volume":"152","author":"Cogiamanian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2011.04.009","article-title":"Transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation inhibits nociceptive spinal pathway conduction and increases pain tolerance in humans","volume":"15","author":"Truini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.06.008","article-title":"Effects of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation in idiopathic restless legs patients","volume":"7","author":"Heide","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria--history, rationale, description, and significance","volume":"15","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.01.022","article-title":"Safety limits of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in rats","volume":"120","author":"Liebetanz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00235-9","article-title":"Safety criteria for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in humans","volume":"114","author":"Nitsche","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0582","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry--the methods","volume":"11","author":"Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2018.05.020","article-title":"Alterations of gray matter volume and white matter integrity in maternal deprivation monkeys","volume":"384","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsx100","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy selectively enhanced feedforward connectivity from fusiform face area to amygdala in major depressive disorder","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Cognit Affect Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23928","article-title":"Functional reorganization of intra- and internetwork connectivity in major depressive disorder after electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.09.001","article-title":"Local functional connectivity density is closely associated with the response of electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorder","volume":"225","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4774","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1216150110","article-title":"Serotonin spillover onto the axon initial segment of motoneurons induces central fatigue by inhibiting action potential initiation","volume":"110","author":"Cotel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5346","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-07-05346.1995","article-title":"Response of serotonergic caudal raphe neurons in relation to specific motor activities in freely moving cats","volume":"15","author":"Veasey","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04176.x","article-title":"The role of anterior cingulate cortex and precuneus in the coordination of motor behaviour","volume":"22","author":"Wenderoth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.07.001","article-title":"Corresponding anatomical and coactivation architecture of the human precuneus showing similar connectivity patterns with macaques","volume":"200","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22626","article-title":"Convergent functional architecture of the superior parietal lobule unraveled with multimodal neuroimaging approaches","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200303240-00019","article-title":"Retrosplenial cortical activation in the fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Wik","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2239","article-title":"Specific functional connectivity patterns of middle temporal gyrus subregions in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3727\/036012907815844075","article-title":"Neuronal specificity of needling acupoints at same meridian: a control functional magnetic resonance imaging study with electroacupuncture","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acupunct Electro-Ther Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2829","article-title":"Investigation of unmedicated early onset restless legs syndrome by voxel-based morphometry, T2 relaxometry, and functional MR imaging during the night-time hours","volume":"33","author":"Margariti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2010.00536.x","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of gray matter density in restless legs syndrome patients and matched controls using voxel-based morphometry","volume":"22","author":"Comley","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.327","article-title":"DTI and VBM reveal white matter changes without associated gray matter changes in patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Belke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01098","article-title":"Alterations of sub-cortical gray matter Volume and their Associations with disease duration in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.10.021","article-title":"Bilateral thalamic gray matter changes in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Etgen","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132814Y.0000000336","article-title":"Altered white matter integrity in primary restless legs syndrome patients: diffusion tensor imaging study","volume":"36","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.09.010","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry in unmedicated patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Hornyak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21608","article-title":"Cortical grey matter alterations in idiopathic restless legs syndrome: an optimized voxel-based morphometry study","volume":"22","author":"Unrath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.05.006","article-title":"Antidepressant effects of tDCS are associated with prefrontal gray matter volumes at baseline: evidence from the ELECT-TDCS trial","volume":"12","author":"Lucia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.12.016","article-title":"Mapping the changed hubs and corresponding functional connectivity in idiopathic restless legs syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib38","first-page":"1979","article-title":"Impairment of sensory-motor integration in patients affected by RLS","volume":"257","author":"Rizzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.07.249","article-title":"Effect of spinal transcutaneous direct current stimulation on somatosensory evoked potentials in humans","volume":"119","author":"Cogiamanian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Pt 20","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4981","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.214189","article-title":"Spinal direct current stimulation modulates the activity of gracile nucleus and primary somatosensory cortex in anaesthetized rats","volume":"589","author":"Aguilar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12298","article-title":"Spinal direct current stimulation modulates short intracortical inhibition","volume":"18","author":"Bocci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.07.012","article-title":"An unexpected target of spinal direct current stimulation: interhemispheric connectivity in humans","volume":"254","author":"Bocci","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2016.00032","article-title":"The neuroanatomical basis for posterior superior parietal lobule control lateralization of visuospatial attention","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945720303300?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945720303300?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T15:22:33Z","timestamp":1761405753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1389945720303300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S1389945720303300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Altered cortical gray matter volume and functional connectivity after transcutaneous spinal cord direct current stimulation in idiopathic restless legs syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.07.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}