{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T01:17:37Z","timestamp":1775783857673,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T04:20:51Z","timestamp":1634617251000},"page":"68-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["No association between plasma hepcidin levels and restless legs syndrome - results from the Danish Blood Donor Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5381-2633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Dowsett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Didriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margit H\u00f8rup","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristoffer S\u00f8lvsten","family":"Burgdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lise Wegner","family":"Th\u00f8rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Erikstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2312-5976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ole Birger","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5288-3851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sisse Rye","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Ullum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.04.014","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome and associated factors in an otherwise healthy population: results from the Danish Blood Donor Study","volume":"36","author":"Didriksen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12123","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in female blood donors 1 week after blood donation","volume":"107","author":"Pedrazzini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0606-x","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: a comprehensive overview on its epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Yeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria--history, rationale, description, and significance","volume":"15","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.02.007","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome is associated with major comorbidities in a population of Danish blood donors","volume":"45","author":"Didriksen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5482","article-title":"Lifestyle factors and risk of restless legs syndrome: prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Batool-Anwar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.03.007","article-title":"Physician-diagnosed restless legs syndrome in a large sample of primary medical care patients in western Europe: prevalence and characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00171","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: from pathophysiology to clinical diagnosis and management","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.035","article-title":"Emerging concepts of the pathophysiology and adverse outcomes of restless legs syndrome","volume":"158","author":"Romero-Peralta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2011.09.003","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome--theoretical roles of inflammatory and immune mechanisms","volume":"16","author":"Weinstock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.08.006","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome among adults in Iceland and Sweden: lung function, comorbidity, ferritin, biomarkers and quality of life","volume":"11","author":"Benediktsdottir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.02.022","article-title":"Serum C-reactive protein\/albumin ratio and restless legs syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Olgun Yazar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2016154","article-title":"Association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, a new marker of systemic inflammation, and restless legs syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Var\u0131m","year":"2016","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.06.003","article-title":"Elevated C-reactive protein is associated with severe periodic leg movements of sleep in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Trotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib15","first-page":"507","article-title":"Hepcidin and its role in regulating systemic iron metabolism","volume":"29\u201335","author":"Ganz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104742","article-title":"Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization","volume":"306","author":"Nemeth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200420945","article-title":"IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin","volume":"113","author":"Nemeth","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2010.25.3.348","article-title":"Serum pro-hepcidin could reflect disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Kor Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5102","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1361","article-title":"Hepcidin in obese children as a potential mediator of the association between obesity and iron deficiency","volume":"94","author":"del Giudice","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11914","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68851-0","article-title":"Hepcidin and ferritin levels in restless legs syndrome: a case\u2013control study","volume":"10","author":"Chenini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib21","series-title":"Relation of serum hepcidin levels and restless legs syndrome in chronic hemodialysis patients","author":"Tufekci","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.07.023","article-title":"Digital questionnaire platform in the Danish blood donor study","volume":"135","author":"Burgdorf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Methods Progr Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23430","article-title":"Prevalence and disease burden of primary restless legs syndrome: results of a general population survey in the United States","volume":"26","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.10.007","article-title":"Validation of the self-completed Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire (CH-RLSq) for ascertainment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in a population survey","volume":"10","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.03.039","article-title":"(Pre)analytical imprecision, between-subject variability, and daily variations in serum and urine hepcidin: implications for clinical studies","volume":"389","author":"Kroot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2014.141114","article-title":"Preanalysis in serum hepcidin measurement","volume":"61","author":"Manolov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12518","article-title":"Predictors of iron levels in 14,737 Danish blood donors: results from the Danish Blood Donor Study","volume":"54","author":"Rigas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01019-4","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: contemporary diagnosis and treatment","volume":"18","author":"Gossard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27287","article-title":"Association between serum hepcidin level and restless legs syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Dauvilliers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.05.009","article-title":"Altered brain iron homeostasis and dopaminergic function in restless legs syndrome (Willis\u2013Ekbom disease)","volume":"15","author":"Earley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.2.263","article-title":"MRI measurement of brain iron in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Allen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2004.00403.x","article-title":"CSF iron, ferritin and transferrin levels in restless legs syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Mizuno","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr012","article-title":"Profile of altered brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome","volume":"134","author":"Connor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000078887.16593.12","article-title":"Neuropathological examination suggests impaired brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome","volume":"61","author":"Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.04.008","article-title":"Is ferroportin-hepcidin signaling altered in restless legs syndrome?","volume":"247","author":"Clardy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00034","article-title":"A\u00a0delicate balance: iron metabolism and diseases of the brain","volume":"5","author":"Hare","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib37","article-title":"Changes in hepcidin serum levels correlate with clinical improvement in idiopathic restless legs syndrome patients","volume":"9","author":"Im","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2012.194977","article-title":"Diurnal rhythm rather than dietary iron mediates daily hepcidin variations","volume":"59","author":"Schaap","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4065\/78.1.52","article-title":"Multiple blood donations associated with iron deficiency in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"78","author":"Silber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.09.013","article-title":"RLS and blood donation","volume":"10","author":"Burchell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138994572100513X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138994572100513X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T15:35:05Z","timestamp":1761406505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S138994572100513X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S138994572100513X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"No association between plasma hepcidin levels and restless legs syndrome - results from the Danish Blood Donor Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}