{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:13:13Z","timestamp":1789002793827,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T03:19:43Z","timestamp":1667359183000},"page":"146-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The comorbidity burden and disease phenotype in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension: The contributing role of obstructive sleep apnea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Anqi","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhong","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01913-2018","article-title":"Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"53","author":"Simonneau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.05.047","article-title":"Pre-capillary, combined, and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension: a pathophysiological continuum","volume":"68","author":"Opitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02310-2017","article-title":"Impact of age and comorbidity on risk stratification in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"51","author":"Hjalmarsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201203-0383OC","article-title":"Changing demographics, epidemiology, and survival of incident pulmonary arterial hypertension: results from the pulmonary hypertension registry of the United Kingdom and Ireland","volume":"186","author":"Ling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000370125","article-title":"Long-term data from the Swiss pulmonary hypertension registry","volume":"89","author":"Mueller-Mottet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.11.001","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Germany","volume":"203","author":"Hoeper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2019.09.010","article-title":"Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension with and without cardiovascular risk factors: results from the AMBITION trial","volume":"38","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-3124","article-title":"High occurrence of hypoxemic sleep respiratory disorders in precapillary pulmonary hypertension and mechanisms","volume":"143","author":"Jilwan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1159\/000515602","article-title":"Sleep-disordered breathing and nocturnal hypoxemia in precapillary pulmonary hypertension: prevalence, pathophysiological determinants, and clinical consequences","volume":"100","author":"Spiesshoefer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02258-2020","article-title":"Sleep-related breathing disorders and pulmonary hypertension","volume":"57","author":"Adir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","article-title":"A\u00a0new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale","volume":"14","author":"Johns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034646","article-title":"A\u00a0simple, evidence-based approach to help guide diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"138","author":"Reddy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01755-5","article-title":"The clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary hypertension combined with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"21","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.02.034","article-title":"Devereux formula for left ventricular mass--be careful to use the right units of measurement","volume":"20","author":"Jafary","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1159\/000520314","article-title":"Heart rate recovery at 1 min after exercise is a marker of disease severity and prognosis in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"101","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.08.080","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease: updated recommendations of the Cologne consensus conference 2018","volume":"272s","author":"Rosenkranz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02148-2018","article-title":"An overview of the 6th world Symposium on pulmonary hypertension","volume":"53","author":"Gali\u00e8","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01393-1","article-title":"Risk stratification and prognostic factors in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and comorbidities a cross-sectional cohort study with survival follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Xanthouli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-021-00792-y","article-title":"Association between body mass index, its change and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: a community-based, 9-year prospective cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1140","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension: baseline characteristics from the REVEAL Registry","volume":"137","author":"Badesch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.11.013","article-title":"Sleep apnea in precapillary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"14","author":"Dumitrascu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107935","article-title":"Sleep apnea and pulmonary hypertension: a riddle waiting to be solved","volume":"227","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6034","article-title":"Health care savings: the economic value of diagnostic and therapeutic care for obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"12","author":"Watson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.03.008","article-title":"Obesity metabolic and hormonal disorders associated with obstructive sleep apnea and their impact on the risk of cardiovascular events","volume":"84","author":"Carneiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-00619","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea dynamically increases nocturnal plasma free fatty acids, glucose, and cortisol during sleep","volume":"102","author":"Chopra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12585","article-title":"Association between left atrial enlargement and obstructive sleep apnea in a general population of 71-year-old men","volume":"27","author":"Holtstrand Hj\u00e4lm","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.06.015","article-title":"Independent association of obstructive sleep apnea with left ventricular geometry and systolic function in resistant hypertension: the RESIST-POL study","volume":"15","author":"Dobrowolski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2022.05.007","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with a high H(2)FPEF-score: insights from the Amsterdam UMC PAH-cohort","author":"Kianzad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"K21","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suz205","article-title":"The burden of comorbidities in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"21","author":"Lang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1086\/675994","article-title":"Impact of diabetes on survival and right ventricular compensation in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"4","author":"Benson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8468","article-title":"Pulmonary artery hemodynamics are associated with duration of nocturnal desaturation but not apnea-hypopnea index","volume":"16","author":"Samhouri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib32","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes in obstructive sleep apnoea and implications of clinical phenotyping on effect of CPAP treatment","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-210431","article-title":"Polysomnographic phenotypes and their cardiovascular implications in obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"73","author":"Zinchuk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0069-2017","article-title":"Personalised medicine in sleep respiratory disorders: focus on obstructive sleep apnoea diagnosis and treatment","volume":"26","author":"Bonsignore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12011","article-title":"Comorbidities and survival in obstructive sleep apnoea beyond the age of 50","volume":"43","author":"Marrone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138994572201190X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138994572201190X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T15:45:35Z","timestamp":1761407135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S138994572201190X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S138994572201190X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The comorbidity burden and disease phenotype in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension: The contributing role of obstructive sleep apnea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.10.029","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}