{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T06:52:16Z","timestamp":1775544736306,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20220942"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20220942"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62401262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62401262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T02:36:15Z","timestamp":1754447775000},"page":"106725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Respiratory event-related pulse transit time drop rate predicts left ventricular impairment in obstructive sleep apnea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guihong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Esmaeili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiyun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiani","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Azarbarzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6055-4270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-020-09924-0","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac mechanics: how strain could help us?","volume":"26","author":"Tadic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-0440","article-title":"Sleep-Disordered breathing in heart Failure- A therapeutic dilemma","volume":"81","author":"Haruki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","article-title":"Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham heart study","volume":"322","author":"Levy","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.09.027","article-title":"Prognostic implications of LV strain risk score in asymptomatic patients with hypertensive heart disease","volume":"9","author":"Saito","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.8.909","article-title":"Prognostic impact of prolonged ventricular repolarization in hypertension","volume":"166","author":"Schillaci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02465-y","article-title":"Multi-modal characterisation of early-stage, subclinical cardiac deterioration in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Bertrand","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002435","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and left ventricular hypertrophy: a meta-analysis of echocardiographic studies","volume":"38","author":"Cuspidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.10.024","article-title":"The impact of obstructive sleep apnoea severity on cardiac structure and injury","volume":"77","author":"Raut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2006.09.005","article-title":"The relationship between aortic stiffness and cardiac function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, independently from systemic hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Tavil","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-0615","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea: effects of continuous positive airway pressure on cardiac remodeling as assessed by cardiac biomarkers, echocardiography, and cardiac MRI","volume":"141","author":"Colish","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5518","article-title":"Association between obstructive sleep apnea and left ventricular structure by age and gender: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Javaheri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.3360","article-title":"Influence and predicting variables of obstructive sleep apnea on cardiac function and remodeling in patients without congestive heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5828","article-title":"Effects of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity on cardiac remodeling: the Wisconsin sleep cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Korcarz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.02.004","article-title":"Nocturnal hypoxia indexes are associated with left ventricular remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea patients","volume":"103","author":"Maiolino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.05.028","article-title":"Physiologic consequences of upper airway obstruction in sleep apnea","volume":"166","author":"Azarbarzin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00846-6","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea heterogeneity and cardiovascular disease","volume":"20","author":"Redline","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.5.452","article-title":"Pulse transit time: an appraisal of potential clinical applications","volume":"54","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s23115112","article-title":"Exploring the potential of pulse transit time as a biomarker for sleep efficiency through a comparison analysis with heart rate and heart rate variability","volume":"23","author":"Bridges","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/26\/3\/013","article-title":"Evaluation of arterial endothelial function using transit times of artificially induced pulses","volume":"26","author":"Maltz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib20","first-page":"6429","article-title":"Noninvasive pulse transit time measurement for arterial stiffness monitoring in microgravity","volume":"2015","author":"McCall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08101669","article-title":"Use of pulse transit time as a measure of inspiratory effort in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"8","author":"Pitson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2172","article-title":"Rules for scoring respiratory events in sleep: update of the 2007 AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: deliberations of the sleep apnea definitions task force of the American academy of sleep medicine","volume":"8","author":"Berry","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14383","article-title":"Nocturnal blood pressure surge in seconds is a new determinant of left ventricular mass index","volume":"24","author":"Kokubo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American society of echocardiography and the european association of cardiovascular imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.717892","article-title":"Left ventricular morphology and systolic function in sleep-disordered breathing: the sleep heart health study","volume":"117","author":"Chami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography: an update from the American society of echocardiography and the european association of cardiovascular imaging","volume":"29","author":"Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.3.722","article-title":"Pulse transit time improves detection of sleep respiratory events and microarousals in children","volume":"127","author":"P\u00e9pin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.5.541","article-title":"Autonomic arousal index: an automated detection based on peripheral arterial tonometry","volume":"25","author":"Pillar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(02)00254-X","article-title":"An automatic ambulatory device for detection of AASM defined arousals from sleep: the WP100","volume":"4","author":"Pillar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8396","article-title":"Oxygen desaturation rate as a novel intermittent hypoxemia parameter in severe obstructive sleep apnea is strongly associated with hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.20433","article-title":"Sleep apnea, autonomic disturbances, and blood pressure variability","volume":"81","author":"Tobushi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2716","article-title":"Contribution of arousal from sleep to post-event tachycardia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"36","author":"Azarbarzin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2015.12.003","article-title":"Systolic pressure response to voluntary apnea predicts sympathetic tone in obstructive sleep apnea as a clinically useful index","volume":"194","author":"Jouett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1113\/EP086433","article-title":"Mechanisms underpinning sympathetic nervous activity and its modulation using transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"103","author":"Deuchars","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H497","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00217.2017","article-title":"Vascular endothelial function masks increased sympathetic vasopressor activity in rats with metabolic syndrome","volume":"314","author":"Battault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.43.184","article-title":"Pulse wave velocity as an indicator of atherosclerosis in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients","volume":"43","author":"Nagahama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9460","article-title":"Markers of cardiovascular disease risk in sleep-disordered breathing with or without comorbidities: the nagahama study","volume":"17","author":"Nakatsuka","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2016.09.001","article-title":"Polysomnographic heart rate variability indices and atrial ectopy associated with incident atrial fibrillation risk in older community-dwelling men","volume":"3","author":"Raman","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202010-3900OC","article-title":"The sleep apnea-specific pulse-rate response predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality","volume":"203","author":"Azarbarzin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202209-1808OC","article-title":"Sleep apnea physiological burdens and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality","volume":"208","author":"Labarca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy624","article-title":"The hypoxic burden of sleep apnoea predicts cardiovascular disease-related mortality: the osteoporotic fractures in men study and the sleep heart health study","volume":"40","author":"Azarbarzin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-216399","article-title":"Pulse arrival time, a novel sleep cardiovascular marker: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Kwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202206-1223OC","article-title":"Pulse wave amplitude drops index: a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"207","author":"Solelhac","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz322","article-title":"Pulse wave amplitude drops during sleep: clinical significance and characteristics in a general population sample","volume":"43","author":"Hirotsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsab030","article-title":"Metrics of sleep apnea severity: beyond the apnea-hypopnea index","volume":"44","author":"Malhotra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-210431","article-title":"Polysomnographic phenotypes and their cardiovascular implications in obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"73","author":"Zinchuk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thorax"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945725004009?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945725004009?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T13:00:25Z","timestamp":1772888425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1389945725004009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1389945725004009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Respiratory event-related pulse transit time drop rate predicts left ventricular impairment in obstructive sleep apnea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106725","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106725"}}