{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:54:03Z","timestamp":1791089643029,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020895","name":"University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019713","name":"Branch Out Neurological Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Undergraduate Summer Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Undergraduate Summer Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T06:24:16Z","timestamp":1787552656000},"page":"109232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Lipid-lowering agent use and changes to sleep"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Mariam","family":"Belghiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manraj","family":"Virk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakdehikandage S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ortenc","family":"Hoxha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Jairam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2890-4795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phavalan","family":"Rajendram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9547-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark I.","family":"Boulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.05.016","article-title":"Trends in lipid-modifying agent use in 83 countries","volume":"328","author":"Blais","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2014.01.006","article-title":"Overcoming toxicity and side-effects of lipid-lowering therapies","volume":"28","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-01073-7","article-title":"Understanding the patient perception of statin experience: a qualitative study","volume":"36","author":"Vrablik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.012203","article-title":"New era of lipid-lowering drugs","volume":"68","author":"Barter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-014-0163-x","article-title":"Association of statin use with sleep disturbances: data mining of a spontaneous reporting database and a prescription database","volume":"37","author":"Takada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2165\/0129784-200808060-00004","article-title":"Statin adverse effects: a review of the literature and evidence for a mitochondrial mechanism","volume":"8","author":"Golomb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib11","series-title":"The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications","first-page":"17","author":"Iber","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30057-8","article-title":"Normal polysomnography parameters in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Boulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2020.07.032","article-title":"Epidemiology of dyslipidemia and associated cardiovascular risk factors in northeast China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"30","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-00941-6","article-title":"Prevalence and control of dyslipidemia in patients referred for high blood pressure: the disregarded \u201cDouble-Trouble\u201d lipid profile in overweight\/obese","volume":"36","author":"Spannella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-020-01204-y","article-title":"Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk among the MASHAD study population","volume":"19","author":"Hedayatnia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010363","article-title":"Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease: current knowledge, existing challenges, and new opportunities for management strategies","volume":"12","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib17","first-page":"195","article-title":"Association between cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia","volume":"28","author":"Haj Mouhamed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immuno-Anal Biol Specialisee"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib7","first-page":"915","article-title":"Sleep changes following Statin therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled polysomnographic trials","volume":"11","author":"Broncel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101380","article-title":"The impact of glucocorticoids and statins on sleep quality","volume":"55","author":"Szmyd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-014-1758-y","article-title":"Statins, mood, sleep, and physical function: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Swiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyy060","article-title":"Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse effects of lipid-lowering drugs: a Mendelian randomization Study","volume":"21","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.25055\/JKSRNT.2017.8.2.73","article-title":"Relationship with smoking and dyslipidemia in Korean adults","volume":"8","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Res Nicotine Tobacco"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.646778","article-title":"Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and stroke risk","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.06.091","article-title":"What is the association of lipid levels and incident stroke?","volume":"220","author":"Glasser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S235546","article-title":"<p>Association of dyslipidemia and comorbidities with risk factors among diabetic patients: a retrospective Analysis<\/p>","volume":"13","author":"Gazzaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-016-0167-x","article-title":"Diabetes dyslipidemia","volume":"7","author":"Schofield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101282","article-title":"Sleep in the anxiety-related disorders: a meta-analysis of subjective and objective research","volume":"51","author":"Cox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2023.04.006","article-title":"Bidirectional relationship between sleep and depression","volume":"211","author":"Yasugaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpac023","article-title":"Alcohol use and poor sleep quality: a longitudinal twin study across 36 years","volume":"3","author":"Helaakoski","year":"2022","journal-title":"SLEEP Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.01.006","article-title":"Coffee, caffeine, and sleep: a systematic review of epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials","volume":"31","author":"Clark","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.06.012","article-title":"Opioids and sleep \u2013 a review of literature","volume":"67","author":"Tripathi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib28","series-title":"Using multivariate statistics. Boston","author":"Tabachnick","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib29","series-title":"SPSS survival manual: a step by step guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS Program","author":"Pallant","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.12.006","article-title":"Linear regression and the normality assumption","volume":"98","author":"Schmidt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31083\/RCM24978","article-title":"Association of Insomnia, lipid profile, and lipid-lowering medications: a narrative review","volume":"26","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.52586\/5039","article-title":"Differential associations of statin treatment and polymorphism in genes coding for HMGCR and PCSK9 to risk for insomnia","volume":"26","author":"Alsehli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2025.02.005","article-title":"Effects of commonly prescribed medications on sleep: a review of the literature","volume":"100","author":"Klugherz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.5114\/jhi.2023.131805","article-title":"The effect of statins intake on sleep quality","volume":"9","author":"Trambowicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Health Inequalities"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.2165\/0002018-200831120-00007","article-title":"Statin-associated psychiatric adverse events","volume":"31","author":"Tuccori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.5.645","article-title":"Associations of usual sleep duration with serum lipid and lipoprotein levels","volume":"31","author":"Kaneita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.687585","article-title":"Hydrophilic or lipophilic statins?","volume":"8","author":"Climent","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2004.00299.x","article-title":"Chemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of statins: an update","volume":"19","author":"Schachter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fundam Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04268.x","article-title":"Do cholesterol\u2010lowering agents affect brain activity? A comparison of simvastatin, pravastatin, and placebo in healthy volunteers","volume":"37","author":"Harrison","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-020-01064-0","article-title":"Neuromuscular complications of statin therapy","volume":"20","author":"Crisan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003279","article-title":"The bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and chronic musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"165","author":"Runge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu283","article-title":"Impact of musculoskeletal pain on insomnia onset: a prospective cohort study","volume":"54","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-022-04621-y","article-title":"Facts and ideas on statins with respect to their lipophilicity: a focus on skeletal muscle cells and bone besides known cardioprotection","volume":"478","author":"Svec","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc.2012-65","article-title":"Statin-Induced rhabdomyolysis: a comprehensive review of case reports","volume":"66","author":"Mendes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-06651-6","article-title":"The risk of muscular events among new users of hydrophilic and lipophilic statins: an observational cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Mueller","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10355","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01545-8","article-title":"Effect of statin therapy on muscle symptoms: an individual participant data meta-analysis of large-scale, randomised, double-blind trials","volume":"400","author":"Reith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-022-07405-0","article-title":"Comparative muscle tolerability of different types and intensities of statins: a network meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials","volume":"38","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945726004715?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945726004715?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:21:15Z","timestamp":1791087675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1389945726004715"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S1389945726004715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lipid-lowering agent use and changes to sleep","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109232","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109232"}}