{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:53:43Z","timestamp":1791089623513,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:08:30Z","timestamp":1790348910000},"page":"109288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hypothalamic subfield volumes and morphometric covariance network organization in restless legs syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7124-0736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keun Tae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Ah","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8113-2384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Won","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2602-6623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoonkyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4229-7741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kang Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria--history, rationale, description, and significance","volume":"15","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.55","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management","volume":"6","author":"Trenkwalder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.14.04113","article-title":"The global and regional prevalence of restless legs syndrome among adults: a systematic review and modelling analysis","volume":"14","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103658","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome across the lifespan: symptoms, pathophysiology, management and daily life impact of the different patterns of disease presentation","volume":"17","author":"Didato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00171","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: from pathophysiology to clinical diagnosis and management","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr012","article-title":"Profile of altered brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome","volume":"134","author":"Connor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31606-8","article-title":"Alterations of the thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic network in patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000021374","article-title":"Gray matter alterations in restless legs syndrome: a coordinate-based meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Sheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.07.010","article-title":"Gray matter alteration in patients with restless legs syndrome: a voxel-based morphometry study","volume":"39","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Imag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.01.014","article-title":"Neural circuitry of wakefulness and sleep","volume":"93","author":"Scammell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04284","article-title":"Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms","volume":"437","author":"Saper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.11.017","article-title":"To eat or to sleep: that is a lateral hypothalamic question","volume":"154","author":"Arrigoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-90918-1.00009-5","article-title":"Circadian pattern in restless legs syndrome","volume":"206","author":"Stefani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117287","article-title":"Automated segmentation of the hypothalamus and associated subunits in brain MRI","volume":"223","author":"Billot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3465","article-title":"Imaging structural co-variance between human brain regions","volume":"14","author":"Alexander-Bloch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(02)00258-7","article-title":"Validation of the international restless legs syndrome study group rating scale for restless legs syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Walters","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(04)90136-1","article-title":"Evaluating the quality of life of patients with restless legs syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Abetz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0579-9","article-title":"The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index","volume":"16","author":"Sohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2014.10.3.210","article-title":"Validation of a Korean version of the insomnia severity index","volume":"10","author":"Cho","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178798","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging I. BRAPH: a graph theory software for the analysis of brain connectivity","volume":"12","author":"Mijalkov","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00585","article-title":"Application of graph theory for identifying connectivity patterns in human brain networks: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Farahani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0569","article-title":"Alterations of the Temporal Lobe Network in De Novo Psychosis After Epilepsy Surgery","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/19585969.2022.2043128","article-title":"Graph theory in paediatric epilepsy: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Falsaperla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1586\/14789450.1.2.229","article-title":"Review of uses of network and graph theory concepts within proteomics","volume":"1","author":"Grindrod","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert Rev Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-025-03708-6","article-title":"Deciphering the association between morphological differences in hypothalamic subregions and circulating ghrelin and leptin concentrations: exploratory evidence in anorexia nervosa and obesity","volume":"15","author":"Collantoni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.06.003","article-title":"Connectome and molecular pharmacological differences in the dopaminergic system in restless legs syndrome (RLS): plastic changes and neuroadaptations that may contribute to augmentation","volume":"31","author":"Earley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30274","article-title":"Dopamine receptors in restless legs syndrome and augmentation: a novel perspective focused on D1 and D3 receptor dynamics","volume":"40","author":"Clemens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3045","article-title":"Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning","volume":"15","author":"Zatorre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/427311a","article-title":"Neuroplasticity: changes in grey matter induced by training","volume":"427","author":"Draganski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-021-02878-6","article-title":"Alterations in the structural covariance network of the hypothalamus in patients with narcolepsy","volume":"64","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945726005277?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1389945726005277?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:22:55Z","timestamp":1791087775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1389945726005277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S1389945726005277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288","relation":{},"ISSN":["1389-9457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1389-9457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hypothalamic subfield volumes and morphometric covariance network organization in restless legs syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2026.109288","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109288"}}